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Marijuana as a Schedule I Substance: Political Ploy or Accepted
Marijuana as a Schedule I Substance: Political Ploy or Accepted

... reaching peak concentrations in the plasma quickly.43 The effects seldom last longer than three to four hours, unless the user smokes more of the drug during this period." If taken orally, THC absorption is slow and incomplete because this is a less efficient form of administration. The onset of eff ...
- EurekaMag.com
- EurekaMag.com

... sense you possess is heightened and somehow in tune with the jungle, as though the 'sapo' put the rhythm of the jungle into your blood." The violent visceral effects of sapo have been confirmed by GoRMAN (personal com­ munication) in about ten self-applications of the drug, and correspond exactly to ...
Rosiver - Galderma
Rosiver - Galderma

... 12 weeks was statistically more effective than vehicle cream in terms of IGA success rate and absolute change in inflammatory lesion counts (p<0.001). Starting from 4 weeks of treatment, ROSIVER was significantly more effective than vehicle cream for both the co-primary efficacy endpoints (p<0.05). ...
Malaria - World Health Organization
Malaria - World Health Organization

... Malaria is an acute febrile illness with an incubation period of 7 days or longer. Thus, a febrile illness developing less than 1 week after the first possible exposure is not malaria. The most severe form is caused by P. falciparum; variable clinical features include fever, chills, headache, muscul ...
The PBAC agenda primarily consists of applications relating
The PBAC agenda primarily consists of applications relating

... circumstances, consumers will be able to comment on items in other sections of the agenda. The submissions for which input is sought will be listed in alphabetical order by drug name. There is no provision for consumer comments to the PBAC on agenda item 8 which relates to pricing matters. Pharmaceu ...
March 2016 PBAC Meeting Agenda
March 2016 PBAC Meeting Agenda

... circumstances, consumers will be able to comment on items in other sections of the agenda. The submissions for which input is sought will be listed in alphabetical order by drug name. There is no provision for consumer comments to the PBAC on agenda item 8 which relates to pricing matters. Pharmaceu ...
Enhancement of Taste Masking by A newly
Enhancement of Taste Masking by A newly

... direct compression method. This might be due to good distribution of active ingredient in the tablet formulation. In wet granulation, saccharin was employed as a sweetening agent and binder. To overcome bitterness problem, saccharin was four to six times in weight to active ingredient in the efferve ...
Lithium Key Points Introduction in General Practice
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... Avoid the use of lithium during pregnancy whenever possible. The overall risk of foetal malformations is 4–12% in the first trimester and therefore greater than the general population. Cardiovascular malformations include Ebstein’s anomaly, which can be detected by foetal echocardiography at 16–18 w ...
CYP2D6 - PGXL Laboratories
CYP2D6 - PGXL Laboratories

... requirement (e.g., warfarin) due to decreased clearance, increased elimination half-life, and increased time to reach steady-state blood concentrations. VKORC1 Intermediate Warfarin Sensitivity: ‡The warfarin maintenance dose estimate was derived using a published formula that accounts for age, gend ...
Pleiotropic Effects of Statins
Pleiotropic Effects of Statins

... Given the fact that statins will be prescribed more widely (“... statins to every patient with documented coronary artery disease...” Yusuf S, Lancet 2002), it is very important to consider the safety of such therapy.45 Statin therapy is long-term (even life-long, following evidence-based medicine), ...
The molecular mechanisms common polymorphisms diug oxidation--evidence  for
The molecular mechanisms common polymorphisms diug oxidation--evidence for

... found in increased amounts in plasma, indicating that the polymorphism affects the overall metabolism of both (+)- and (-)-bufuralol. However, and contrary to the observation made with another /.?-blocking agent, metoprolol (see below), the ( -)/( +) isomer plasma ratio increased in the poor-metabol ...
THE PROMISE OF IMAGING BIOMARKERS
THE PROMISE OF IMAGING BIOMARKERS

Nies_ArchToxicol_Jul2016 - U-PGx
Nies_ArchToxicol_Jul2016 - U-PGx

... et al. 2008), which is now the validated reference sequence (NM_026183, Fig. 2b). At present, mMate1a is considered as nonexistent because the original cDNA clone apparently contained nucleotides, which are not present in the mouse C57BL/6J genome build 37 and resulted in frame-shift errors. Of note ...
Product Monograph Template - Standard
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... The dosage should be individualised, and the patient's response should be monitored by the prescribing physician on an ongoing basis. In patients with asthma, if salbutamol is required more than three times a week (not including its use to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm), antiinflammatory the ...
The analgesic and anticonvulsant effects of piperine in mice
The analgesic and anticonvulsant effects of piperine in mice

... non-selective model because it releases endogenous mediators ...
How I treat with anticoagulants in 2012: new and old
How I treat with anticoagulants in 2012: new and old

... them to make an informed decision on their preferred therapy. ...
LSEHWP39
LSEHWP39

... (VPA), and carbamazepine (CBZ), also referred as ‘older generation AEDs’, some of which have been available since the 1940s. The new AEDs possess some novel characteristics, fuelling expectations that they may be more suitable for managing difficult-to-treat epilepsy syndromes, more easily tolerable ...


... The determination of the antibiotic activity of the colistin aerosols produced by the nebulizers necessitated capturing the aerosols on filters, determination of the mass of drug captured, and verification that the postnebulization antibiotic activity of colistin was similar to the activity of the e ...
GPAT-2012 PAPER
GPAT-2012 PAPER

... regulators in inflammation and are the targets for antiinflammatory agents used in rheumatoid arthritis? (A) Tumor necrosis factor-a and Interleukin-1 (B) Acetylcholine esterase and Eicosanoids (C) Leukotrienes and Isoprostanes (D) Adhesion factor and Monoamine oxidase A Q.16 Which one of the follow ...
Comparison of uterotonic effects of three low dose oxytocin
Comparison of uterotonic effects of three low dose oxytocin

a review on the pharmacology of embelia ribes burm.f.
a review on the pharmacology of embelia ribes burm.f.

... medicines that we use today are of herbal origin, and a quarter contains plant extracts or active chemicals taken directly from plants. Though the new era has seen advances in chemistry, which have paved the way to reproduce the active ingredients found in plants, but plants still will continue to h ...
GPAT-2012 PAPER
GPAT-2012 PAPER

... regulators in inflammation and are the targets for antiinflammatory agents used in rheumatoid arthritis? (A) Tumor necrosis factor-a and Interleukin-1 (B) Acetylcholine esterase and Eicosanoids (C) Leukotrienes and Isoprostanes (D) Adhesion factor and Monoamine oxidase A Q.16 Which one of the follow ...
RP-HPLC Analysis of Aspirin - Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical
RP-HPLC Analysis of Aspirin - Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical

... Chloroform and ethyl acetate extract showed lower activities against all fungal pathogens except for Candida krusei, compared with the standard. Against the filamentous fungus, Trichosporon cutaneum, all extracts showed less activity than the standard. Key words: Antifungal, Candida, fluconazole ...
as a PDF
as a PDF

... phase I xenobiotics metabolism. It is mainly expressed in extrahepatic tissues, including intestine and cardiovascular systems. The general role of CYP2J2 in drug metabolism is not yet fully understood, and the recent discovery that CYP2J2 can metabolize a wide range of structurally diverse drugs an ...
alcohol: a pharmaceutical and pharmacological point of view during
alcohol: a pharmaceutical and pharmacological point of view during

... ethanol oxidation by CYP2E1 at lower blood alcohol concentrations is about 10–20%. However, when the blood alcohol concentration reached 0.8 % (pro mille), the contribution of CYP2E1 could be more than 50%.2 Therefore, the role of CYP2E1 on ethanol metabolism is of more importance in patients intoxi ...
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Drug interaction



A drug interaction is a situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic (when the drug's effect is increased) or antagonistic (when the drug's effect is decreased) or a new effect can be produced that neither produces on its own. Typically, interactions between drugs come to mind (drug-drug interaction). However, interactions may also exist between drugs and foods (drug-food interactions), as well as drugs and medicinal plants or herbs (drug-plant interactions). People taking antidepressant drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors should not take food containing tyramine as hypertensive crisis may occur (an example of a drug-food interaction). These interactions may occur out of accidental misuse or due to lack of knowledge about the active ingredients involved in the relevant substances.It is therefore easy to see the importance of these pharmacological interactions in the practice of medicine. If a patient is taking two drugs and one of them increases the effect of the other it is possible that an overdose may occur. The interaction of the two drugs may also increase the risk that side effects will occur. On the other hand, if the action of a drug is reduced it may cease to have any therapeutic use because of under dosage. Notwithstanding the above, on occasion these interactions may be sought in order to obtain an improved therapeutic effect. Examples of this include the use of codeine with paracetamol to increase its analgesic effect. Or the combination of clavulanic acid with amoxicillin in order to overcome bacterial resistance to the antibiotic. It should also be remembered that there are interactions that, from a theoretical standpoint, may occur but in clinical practice have no important repercussions.The pharmaceutical interactions that are of special interest to the practice of medicine are primarily those that have negative effects for an organism. The risk that a pharmacological interaction will appear increases as a function of the number of drugs administered to a patient at the same time.It is possible that an interaction will occur between a drug and another substance present in the organism (i.e. foods or alcohol). Or in certain specific situations a drug may even react with itself, such as occurs with dehydration. In other situations, the interaction does not involve any effect on the drug. In certain cases, the presence of a drug in an individual's blood may affect certain types of laboratory analysis (analytical interference).It is also possible for interactions to occur outside an organism before administration of the drugs has taken place. This can occur when two drugs are mixed, for example, in a saline solution prior to intravenous injection. Some classic examples of this type of interaction include that Thiopentone and Suxamethonium should not be placed in the same syringe and same is true for Benzylpenicillin and Heparin. These situations will all be discussed under the same heading due to their conceptual similarity.Drug interactions may be the result of various processes. These processes may include alterations in the pharmacokinetics of the drug, such as alterations in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of a drug. Alternatively, drug interactions may be the result of the pharmacodynamic properties of the drug, e.g. the co-administration of a receptor antagonist and an agonist for the same receptor.
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