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L10_Overview
L10_Overview

... Rint, Cint and CINT are resistance and capacitance / per unit length of the interconnect and the lower and upper case subscript refers to the chip and the package. A is the area of the die, Co and Ro are the input capacitance and output resistance of a minimum size inverter and CL is a typical off-c ...
General ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS
General ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS

The Drude Model and DC Conductivity
The Drude Model and DC Conductivity

I = ΔQ / Δt - kcpe-kcse
I = ΔQ / Δt - kcpe-kcse

Diffusion-Controlled Growth - Phase Transformations Group
Diffusion-Controlled Growth - Phase Transformations Group

Asymmetrical Interrupting Current Rating of Medium-Voltage
Asymmetrical Interrupting Current Rating of Medium-Voltage

... structure of medium-voltage circuit breakers. The earlier revision of the circuit breaker standards utilized the “S factor” as a multiplying factor that defined the total current a breaker was rated to interrupt at contact part. The newest revision of C37.04 replaced the S factor with the % dc as th ...
Ohmic conductors and Ohm`s Law Exercises
Ohmic conductors and Ohm`s Law Exercises

What`s This Thing Called “Current”?
What`s This Thing Called “Current”?

Lecture 20
Lecture 20

... Magnetic Field and Magnetic Flux Density The magnetic field can be defined as the force experienced by a unit magnetic monopole. However, there are no magnetic monoples. The field due to a current element is given by the Biot-Savart law. Consider an infinitesimally small piece of a wire carrying cur ...
2011 Lecture 23: Ion Concentration Polarization
2011 Lecture 23: Ion Concentration Polarization

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t Example

Current and Resistance
Current and Resistance

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EXAM 2

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ppt

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electricity

... Three electrons are excluded from a conductor. Write whether the conductor will acquire either positive or negative charge? If charge on an electron is 1.6×10-19 coulomb, what will the magnitude of charge be? ...
Chemistry and Material Science 1. Physical Properties of Materials
Chemistry and Material Science 1. Physical Properties of Materials

Current, Resistance, and Electromotive Force
Current, Resistance, and Electromotive Force

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Ch. 20 Powerpoint

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current electricity

Title Equations of State of Atoms for the Thomas
Title Equations of State of Atoms for the Thomas

... The equation of state of material is, in general, expressed in terms of pressure P, volume v and temperature T, and thus is treated from the macroscopic point of view. However, starting from the total energy (kinetic energy-potential energy) of electrons contained in the atom in question, it is poss ...
QUESTIONS ON OHM`S LAW AND KIRCHHOFF`S LAW A
QUESTIONS ON OHM`S LAW AND KIRCHHOFF`S LAW A

Electromagnetic induction
Electromagnetic induction

... All these effects and uses are due to something called electromagnetic induction. This may sound rather complicated but all it means is a way of generating electricity by using moving wires, moving magnets or changing the voltages in one coil to make electrical energy in another. The way of making e ...
Types of Materials
Types of Materials

1. What happens when electrical charges are brought together? A
1. What happens when electrical charges are brought together? A

... Why are parallel circuits, rather than series circuits, commonly used in wiring houses? A ...
Basics of Atom
Basics of Atom

... Atoms bond together to form larger building blocks of matter called molecules. Two or more atoms share electrons to form a bond and when atoms form bonds they form molecules Water (H2O) is a molecule which is made up of two hydrogen atoms(H) and one oxygen atom (O). Nucleus and the Electromagnetic f ...
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Electromigration



Electromigration is the transport of material caused by the gradual movement of the ions in a conductor due to the momentum transfer between conducting electrons and diffusing metal atoms. The effect is important in applications where high direct current densities are used, such as in microelectronics and related structures. As the structure size in electronics such as integrated circuits (ICs) decreases, the practical significance of this effect increases.
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