Accumulation and Biotransformation of BDE
... they are not agonists of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR).16 Therefore, PBDEs were hypothesized to potentially affect thyroid hormone homeostasis. Concentrations of BDE-47 were negatively correlated with circulating concentrations of free T4 (FT4) in blood plasma of white whales (Delphinapterus le ...
... they are not agonists of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR).16 Therefore, PBDEs were hypothesized to potentially affect thyroid hormone homeostasis. Concentrations of BDE-47 were negatively correlated with circulating concentrations of free T4 (FT4) in blood plasma of white whales (Delphinapterus le ...
Perchlorate Toxicity and Risk Assessment
... The brain analysis attempted to provide better brain morphometry data than the developmental study described above. The study was designed to provide critical information for the perchlorate risk assessment, so data were collected at one fetal and three postnatal (during lactation) time points. The ...
... The brain analysis attempted to provide better brain morphometry data than the developmental study described above. The study was designed to provide critical information for the perchlorate risk assessment, so data were collected at one fetal and three postnatal (during lactation) time points. The ...
Pituitary Disorders
... There may be - GH deficiency - Secondary hypothyroidism - Hypoadrenalism - Gonadal deficiencies - Hyperprolactaenimia - Panhypopituitarism – causes classic picture of pallor with hairlessness (‘alabaster skin’) ...
... There may be - GH deficiency - Secondary hypothyroidism - Hypoadrenalism - Gonadal deficiencies - Hyperprolactaenimia - Panhypopituitarism – causes classic picture of pallor with hairlessness (‘alabaster skin’) ...
ENDOCRINOLOGY
... Dystrophy) • A broad spectrum of hypothalamic lesions – hyperphagia, obesity, and central hypogonadism ...
... Dystrophy) • A broad spectrum of hypothalamic lesions – hyperphagia, obesity, and central hypogonadism ...
Hyperthyroidism with Gynaecomastia as the Initial Complaint: A
... result from increased peripheral tissue aromatisation of androgens as well as increased glandular secretion of oestrogens.7,9,12 The excessive oestrogens will further elevate SHBG levels and alter the bioavailable E2 to T ratio.3 It has also been demonstrated that serum LH remained elevated in men w ...
... result from increased peripheral tissue aromatisation of androgens as well as increased glandular secretion of oestrogens.7,9,12 The excessive oestrogens will further elevate SHBG levels and alter the bioavailable E2 to T ratio.3 It has also been demonstrated that serum LH remained elevated in men w ...
REVIEW REQUEST FOR
... Individual has at least 2 other pituitary hormone** deficiencies. For example, individual is on medications for at least 2 other pituitary hormone* deficiencies such as thyroid replacement (for example,. Synthroid®) and steroid replacement (e.g. prednisone or cortisone) Indivdual’s insulin-like gro ...
... Individual has at least 2 other pituitary hormone** deficiencies. For example, individual is on medications for at least 2 other pituitary hormone* deficiencies such as thyroid replacement (for example,. Synthroid®) and steroid replacement (e.g. prednisone or cortisone) Indivdual’s insulin-like gro ...
serum levels of prolactin, thyrotropin, thyroid hormones, trh
... indicated that serum T4 remains ...
... indicated that serum T4 remains ...
Question: 6
... around the time of puberty, and the family history are most consistent with constitutional delay in puberty. Unfortunately, other than “tincture of time,” there is no diagnostic maneuver that can confirm this diagnosis. Although a delayed bone age and prepubertal bone age are consistent with the dia ...
... around the time of puberty, and the family history are most consistent with constitutional delay in puberty. Unfortunately, other than “tincture of time,” there is no diagnostic maneuver that can confirm this diagnosis. Although a delayed bone age and prepubertal bone age are consistent with the dia ...
posterior pituitary hormones
... • Explain hypothalamus as the major integrative site for the neuroendocrine system. • Contrast anterior and posterior pituitary lobes with respect to cell types, vascular supply, development, and innervations. • Identify posterior pituitary hormones (oxytocin & vasopressin). • List target tissues fo ...
... • Explain hypothalamus as the major integrative site for the neuroendocrine system. • Contrast anterior and posterior pituitary lobes with respect to cell types, vascular supply, development, and innervations. • Identify posterior pituitary hormones (oxytocin & vasopressin). • List target tissues fo ...
Guidelines for the Treatment of Hypothyroidism
... members for all recommendations. There was also agreement regarding the interpretation of areas of uncertainty discussed in the text, except in two instances in which the differences in interpretation are noted. Each recommendation along with the associated literature review was assembled into a doc ...
... members for all recommendations. There was also agreement regarding the interpretation of areas of uncertainty discussed in the text, except in two instances in which the differences in interpretation are noted. Each recommendation along with the associated literature review was assembled into a doc ...
Guidelines for the Treatment of Hypothyroidism
... members for all recommendations. There was also agreement regarding the interpretation of areas of uncertainty discussed in the text, except in two instances in which the differences in interpretation are noted. Each recommendation along with the associated literature review was assembled into a doc ...
... members for all recommendations. There was also agreement regarding the interpretation of areas of uncertainty discussed in the text, except in two instances in which the differences in interpretation are noted. Each recommendation along with the associated literature review was assembled into a doc ...
Increased reverse triiodothyronine is associated with shorter
... Acute and severe chronic non-thyroidal illnesses are frequently associated with non-specific disturbances of thyroid function tests called ‘euthyroid sick syndrome’ (ESS) (1, 2). This syndrome is characterized by a constant decrease in tri-iodothyronine T3 and free T3 (FT3) serum concentrations. It ...
... Acute and severe chronic non-thyroidal illnesses are frequently associated with non-specific disturbances of thyroid function tests called ‘euthyroid sick syndrome’ (ESS) (1, 2). This syndrome is characterized by a constant decrease in tri-iodothyronine T3 and free T3 (FT3) serum concentrations. It ...
Thyroid hormone and growth : relationships with growth
... Summary ― For some years, research in the field of growth endocrinology has been mainly focused on growth hormone (GH). However, it appears that GH does not always control growth rate. For instance, it does not clearly influence intra-uterine growth : moreover, although the results of GRF or ...
... Summary ― For some years, research in the field of growth endocrinology has been mainly focused on growth hormone (GH). However, it appears that GH does not always control growth rate. For instance, it does not clearly influence intra-uterine growth : moreover, although the results of GRF or ...
History of the Fluoride/Iodine Antagonism
... reason behind iodine deficiency/goiter areas - would therefore also reduce the high iodine levels observed in Basedow patients, and he begins to use fluorides to effectively cure Basedow's disease - hyperthyroidism caused by excessive iodine consumption. Goldemberg publishes extensively between 1921 ...
... reason behind iodine deficiency/goiter areas - would therefore also reduce the high iodine levels observed in Basedow patients, and he begins to use fluorides to effectively cure Basedow's disease - hyperthyroidism caused by excessive iodine consumption. Goldemberg publishes extensively between 1921 ...
An Integrative Endocrine Model for the Evolution of
... adult metamorphosed amphibians (Darras and Kühn, 1983; Denver, 1988; Jacobs et al., 1988). In contrast, hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF; discussed with corticosteroids below) appears to regulate the release of TSH in larval amphibians (Denver and Licht, 1989; Denver, 1993, 1997, 20 ...
... adult metamorphosed amphibians (Darras and Kühn, 1983; Denver, 1988; Jacobs et al., 1988). In contrast, hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF; discussed with corticosteroids below) appears to regulate the release of TSH in larval amphibians (Denver and Licht, 1989; Denver, 1993, 1997, 20 ...
Henriette Undeutsch – Dissecting New Molecular
... University of Turku, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Physiology, Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine (TuDMM), Turku, Finland. Turku, 2016 The thyroid gland secretes thyroid hormones (THs) under regulation of thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH) and its receptor ( ...
... University of Turku, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Physiology, Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine (TuDMM), Turku, Finland. Turku, 2016 The thyroid gland secretes thyroid hormones (THs) under regulation of thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH) and its receptor ( ...
Pituitary and hypothalamic physiology
... cause the synthesis as well as the release of anterior The specificity of the releasing hormones is of great pituitary hormones. Trophic hormones are stored interest. Thus on infusing TRH prolactin is secreted within the anterior pituitary cell in two fractions, just as rapidly as TSH. Moreover, the ...
... cause the synthesis as well as the release of anterior The specificity of the releasing hormones is of great pituitary hormones. Trophic hormones are stored interest. Thus on infusing TRH prolactin is secreted within the anterior pituitary cell in two fractions, just as rapidly as TSH. Moreover, the ...
Current Challenges in Meeting Global Iodine Requirements
... to another. In less developed regions of the world lacking iodine in the soil or water, the most valuable source is likely to be iodized salt. By contrast, in developed countries where most varieties of food are readily available, milk and dairy products, seafood, and the discretionary use of iodize ...
... to another. In less developed regions of the world lacking iodine in the soil or water, the most valuable source is likely to be iodized salt. By contrast, in developed countries where most varieties of food are readily available, milk and dairy products, seafood, and the discretionary use of iodize ...
Iodine Deficiency, a Community Teratogen
... It has condemned tens of millions of children to cretinism—characterized by mental and growth retardation, rigid spastic motor disorders, deaf mutism, and severe hypothyroidism—and hundreds of millions of children to milder degrees of mental and physical impairments. Accompanying effects include inc ...
... It has condemned tens of millions of children to cretinism—characterized by mental and growth retardation, rigid spastic motor disorders, deaf mutism, and severe hypothyroidism—and hundreds of millions of children to milder degrees of mental and physical impairments. Accompanying effects include inc ...
Thyroid hormone and growth : relationships with growth
... Summary ― For some years, research in the field of growth endocrinology has been mainly focused on growth hormone (GH). However, it appears that GH does not always control growth rate. For instance, it does not clearly influence intra-uterine growth : moreover, although the results of GRF or ...
... Summary ― For some years, research in the field of growth endocrinology has been mainly focused on growth hormone (GH). However, it appears that GH does not always control growth rate. For instance, it does not clearly influence intra-uterine growth : moreover, although the results of GRF or ...
WebbThesis - VTechWorks
... Reproductive abnormalities in fish-eating birds also appear to have resulted from chemical contamination in the Great Lakes. These include altered sex ratios, abnormal breeding behavior, and decreased hatching success. For instance, it was found that female herring gulls (Larus argentatus) were nest ...
... Reproductive abnormalities in fish-eating birds also appear to have resulted from chemical contamination in the Great Lakes. These include altered sex ratios, abnormal breeding behavior, and decreased hatching success. For instance, it was found that female herring gulls (Larus argentatus) were nest ...
Biol 155 Human Physiology
... Primarily under inhibitory control. This means that if there is an injury to the hypophyseal portal system which blocks hypothalamic regulation of the pituitary gland, PRL levels increase. All other pituitary hormone levels decrease when this happens. ...
... Primarily under inhibitory control. This means that if there is an injury to the hypophyseal portal system which blocks hypothalamic regulation of the pituitary gland, PRL levels increase. All other pituitary hormone levels decrease when this happens. ...
IJEB 45(6) 549-553
... relationship exists between thyroid disease, body weight and metabolism. It is well known that hyperthyroidism causes extensive weight loss despite normal or increased calorie intake19,20. The weight loss is related to the severity of the overactive thyroid. In congruence with these findings 18% los ...
... relationship exists between thyroid disease, body weight and metabolism. It is well known that hyperthyroidism causes extensive weight loss despite normal or increased calorie intake19,20. The weight loss is related to the severity of the overactive thyroid. In congruence with these findings 18% los ...
Differential Adaptations of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary
... isoforms (Yen, 2001). TRs are DNA binding transcription factors able to recognize specific DNA sequences in the promoter regions of T3 target genes; in fact, T3 regulates DNAdependent RNA polymerase enzyme activity increasing or decreasing content of several mRNAs. Pro-TRH gene promoter contains a c ...
... isoforms (Yen, 2001). TRs are DNA binding transcription factors able to recognize specific DNA sequences in the promoter regions of T3 target genes; in fact, T3 regulates DNAdependent RNA polymerase enzyme activity increasing or decreasing content of several mRNAs. Pro-TRH gene promoter contains a c ...
hypthalamus and pitutary glands
... – PRL secretion is normally under tonic inhibitory control by the ...
... – PRL secretion is normally under tonic inhibitory control by the ...
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism (/ˌhaɪpɵˈθaɪərɔɪdɪzəm/; from hypo- meaning under or reduced, plus thyroid), often called underactive thyroid or low thyroid and sometimes hypothyreosis, is a common disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. It can cause a number of symptoms, such as poor ability to tolerate cold, a feeling of tiredness, and weight gain. In children, hypothyroidism leads to delays in growth and intellectual development, which is called cretinism in severe cases.Worldwide, too little iodine in the diet is the most common cause of hypothyroidism. In countries with enough iodine in the diet, the most common cause of hypothyroidism is the autoimmune condition Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Less common causes include the following: previous treatment with radioactive iodine, injury to the hypothalamus or the anterior pituitary gland, certain medications, a lack of a functioning thyroid at birth, or previous thyroid surgery. The diagnosis of hypothyroidism, when suspected, can be confirmed with blood tests measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine levels.Hypothyroidism can be treated with manufactured levothyroxine; the dose is adjusted according to symptoms and normalization of the thyroxine and TSH levels. In Western countries, hypothyroidism occurs in 0.3–0.4% of people while subclinical hypothyroidism, a milder form of hypothyroidism characterized by normal thyroxine levels and an elevated TSH level, is thought to occur in 4.3–8.5% of people. Dogs are also known to develop hypothyroidism and in rare cases cats and horses can also have the disorder.