An Optimal Voting System When Voting is Costly (R&R at Games)
... is free. So, in particular, he can always make whatever action has positive expected externalities freely available to agents. Therefore, if in the first best mechanism the mechanism designer asks an agent to take a costly action, we can conclude that asking the agent to take this action is not base ...
... is free. So, in particular, he can always make whatever action has positive expected externalities freely available to agents. Therefore, if in the first best mechanism the mechanism designer asks an agent to take a costly action, we can conclude that asking the agent to take this action is not base ...
Wernicke`s area homologue in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and
... nature and location of food sources to conspecifics. Thus, exploring the homologues of human language in chimpanzees is relevant both to understanding the functional neuroanatomy underlying communication in this species and to revealing the evolutionary history of language circuits in the human brai ...
... nature and location of food sources to conspecifics. Thus, exploring the homologues of human language in chimpanzees is relevant both to understanding the functional neuroanatomy underlying communication in this species and to revealing the evolutionary history of language circuits in the human brai ...
The influence of robots on the human society
... there is no evidence of it ever being build, the robot was supposed to be able to sit up, move its arms and head and open its jaw (Nilsson, 2010). The humanoid had two self-regulating structures. The lower structure which had three degrees-of-freedom-legs: ankles, knees and hips. And the higher str ...
... there is no evidence of it ever being build, the robot was supposed to be able to sit up, move its arms and head and open its jaw (Nilsson, 2010). The humanoid had two self-regulating structures. The lower structure which had three degrees-of-freedom-legs: ankles, knees and hips. And the higher str ...
Ascending Sensory Pathways
... The somatosensory pathways to the cerebellum, which include the anterior, posterior, and rostral spinocerebellar, as well as the cuneocerebellar tracts, relay primarily proprioceptive (but also some pain and pressure) information (Table 10.1). The ascending sensory pathways are the main avenues by w ...
... The somatosensory pathways to the cerebellum, which include the anterior, posterior, and rostral spinocerebellar, as well as the cuneocerebellar tracts, relay primarily proprioceptive (but also some pain and pressure) information (Table 10.1). The ascending sensory pathways are the main avenues by w ...
How the brain uses time to represent and process visual information
... spike train as an estimator of a time-varying firing probability suffices to understand coding [6]. The alternative is that the richer possibilities that derive from the event-like nature of the spike train must be considered, as has been suggested on theoretical grounds by Hopfield [25]. In order t ...
... spike train as an estimator of a time-varying firing probability suffices to understand coding [6]. The alternative is that the richer possibilities that derive from the event-like nature of the spike train must be considered, as has been suggested on theoretical grounds by Hopfield [25]. In order t ...
Herbert Simon's interdisciplinary project
... At the same time, in the sciences of choice it appeared that the players chose every move in the game of life as if they had full knowledge and perfect reason. Quite simply, Simon thought these were “fantastic” assumptions.10 As he wrote to a colleague, “we need a less God-like and more rat-like cho ...
... At the same time, in the sciences of choice it appeared that the players chose every move in the game of life as if they had full knowledge and perfect reason. Quite simply, Simon thought these were “fantastic” assumptions.10 As he wrote to a colleague, “we need a less God-like and more rat-like cho ...
The History of the EEG
... (square root of power) per frequency band were computed and the normalization of the 171 cross-power spectra yielded 171 coherence values per frequency band. Grand mean values were obtained by averaging amplitude and coherence values across subjects. ...
... (square root of power) per frequency band were computed and the normalization of the 171 cross-power spectra yielded 171 coherence values per frequency band. Grand mean values were obtained by averaging amplitude and coherence values across subjects. ...
Modeling Affection Mechanisms using Deep and Self
... They have an important role when we talk to someone, when we learn how to speak, when we meet a person for the first time, or to create memories about a certain experience in our childhood. Because of this crucial role in a human’s life, studies on emotions date from the first centuries of written h ...
... They have an important role when we talk to someone, when we learn how to speak, when we meet a person for the first time, or to create memories about a certain experience in our childhood. Because of this crucial role in a human’s life, studies on emotions date from the first centuries of written h ...
Chapter 1
... Visual Expectations • Infants not only see forms and figures at an early age, but develop expectations about future events in their world. • When presented with a predicable sequence of pictures, 3-month-olds began to anticipate the location of the pictures. • These infants formed these expectation ...
... Visual Expectations • Infants not only see forms and figures at an early age, but develop expectations about future events in their world. • When presented with a predicable sequence of pictures, 3-month-olds began to anticipate the location of the pictures. • These infants formed these expectation ...
Pattern of Motor Coordination Underlying Backward Swimming in
... (and function of time) for the same swim cycle. In this particular case, the wave of body flexion propagated forward at the speed of nearly 25% of the body length per second. A representative recording of four EMGs during BS is shown in Fig. 3A. The electrodes were positioned bilaterally in the midb ...
... (and function of time) for the same swim cycle. In this particular case, the wave of body flexion propagated forward at the speed of nearly 25% of the body length per second. A representative recording of four EMGs during BS is shown in Fig. 3A. The electrodes were positioned bilaterally in the midb ...
Out of Context - Media Lab Login
... being specialized to do a particular job when it is called upon by the user. Each menu operation, icon, or typed command can be thought of as being a tool. Computer systems are now organized around so-called "applications", or collections of these tools that operate on a structured object, such as a ...
... being specialized to do a particular job when it is called upon by the user. Each menu operation, icon, or typed command can be thought of as being a tool. Computer systems are now organized around so-called "applications", or collections of these tools that operate on a structured object, such as a ...
Anatomy
... measured with the man playing (A). Much later in the 1950 paper, in section 5, Turing describes a second game more like the concept of a “Turing Test” as most engineering schools teach it. The setup is similar to the OIG, but now gender plays no role. The player (B) is called “a man” and the player ...
... measured with the man playing (A). Much later in the 1950 paper, in section 5, Turing describes a second game more like the concept of a “Turing Test” as most engineering schools teach it. The setup is similar to the OIG, but now gender plays no role. The player (B) is called “a man” and the player ...
Delirium
... patients get ill for whatever reason • Precipitating cause is seldom “in the brain itself”, such as a new stroke, brain tumor, bleed, or CNS infection ...
... patients get ill for whatever reason • Precipitating cause is seldom “in the brain itself”, such as a new stroke, brain tumor, bleed, or CNS infection ...
Leveraging the upcoming disruptions from AI and IoT
... it’s causing AI to converge with IoT, to the extent that it’s rapidly becoming indispensable to IoT solutions. The core components of IoT—connectivity, sensor data and robotics—will ultimately lead to a requirement for almost all ‘dumb’ devices to become intelligent. In other words, the IoT needs sm ...
... it’s causing AI to converge with IoT, to the extent that it’s rapidly becoming indispensable to IoT solutions. The core components of IoT—connectivity, sensor data and robotics—will ultimately lead to a requirement for almost all ‘dumb’ devices to become intelligent. In other words, the IoT needs sm ...
Metareasoning for Concurrent Planning and Execution
... longer queued paths and yet more search time, allowing the search to perform larger learning steps and ultimately reaching the goal much faster. In contrast, LSS-LRTA* tries to minimize total search effort, and thus avoids search during execution. Under the GAT metric, concurrent search can be regar ...
... longer queued paths and yet more search time, allowing the search to perform larger learning steps and ultimately reaching the goal much faster. In contrast, LSS-LRTA* tries to minimize total search effort, and thus avoids search during execution. Under the GAT metric, concurrent search can be regar ...
Logics for Intelligent Agents and Multi
... become valid, transitive accessibility relations for the second formula of knowledge to become valid, and euclidean accessibility relations for the third formula of knowledge to become valid. And the accessibility relation need to be serial, if the above-mentioned formula for belief is to become val ...
... become valid, transitive accessibility relations for the second formula of knowledge to become valid, and euclidean accessibility relations for the third formula of knowledge to become valid. And the accessibility relation need to be serial, if the above-mentioned formula for belief is to become val ...
Tort Liability for Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems, 10
... least a portion thereof; the effect of the program's outputs may become part of the program's later inputs.3 AI implements many research problems including, but not limited to, machine vision (or other sensing), robotics, and learning. Expert system (ES) describes a member of the class of programs t ...
... least a portion thereof; the effect of the program's outputs may become part of the program's later inputs.3 AI implements many research problems including, but not limited to, machine vision (or other sensing), robotics, and learning. Expert system (ES) describes a member of the class of programs t ...
Lycan Levels
... has been decomposed into relatively non-teleological chemical entities. While this example is a good illustration of homuncular functionalism, it is also supposed to be consistent with the hierarchy of levels of nature. Each of the “homunculi”— e.g., the librarian, the projector, the scanner, and th ...
... has been decomposed into relatively non-teleological chemical entities. While this example is a good illustration of homuncular functionalism, it is also supposed to be consistent with the hierarchy of levels of nature. Each of the “homunculi”— e.g., the librarian, the projector, the scanner, and th ...
A Knowledge-Based Approach to Lexical Analogy
... KNOW-BEST (KNOWledge-Based Entertainment and Scholastic Testing). In the absence of a robust ability to determine arbitrary relationships among terms, KNOWBEST employs the more general notion of analogical similarity to rank possible solution candidates, choosing the first-ranked pairing in each cas ...
... KNOW-BEST (KNOWledge-Based Entertainment and Scholastic Testing). In the absence of a robust ability to determine arbitrary relationships among terms, KNOWBEST employs the more general notion of analogical similarity to rank possible solution candidates, choosing the first-ranked pairing in each cas ...
What is Approximate Reasoning? - CORE Scholar
... – Finally, elaborated knowledge specifications using expressive logics can reduce engineering effort by horizontal reuse: Knowledge bases could then be employed for different purposes because the knowledge is already there. However, if only shallow modelling is used, updates would require overhead e ...
... – Finally, elaborated knowledge specifications using expressive logics can reduce engineering effort by horizontal reuse: Knowledge bases could then be employed for different purposes because the knowledge is already there. However, if only shallow modelling is used, updates would require overhead e ...
Commonsense Reasoning by Integrating Simulation and Logic
... are currently difficult to directly exploit as a resource for commonsense reasoning, they do present a rich resource of implicit commonsense ‘know-how’. Some projects have attempted to exploit this resource indirectly [5]—placing an agent within a simulated environment to explore and learn about hu ...
... are currently difficult to directly exploit as a resource for commonsense reasoning, they do present a rich resource of implicit commonsense ‘know-how’. Some projects have attempted to exploit this resource indirectly [5]—placing an agent within a simulated environment to explore and learn about hu ...
What Is Intelligent Design?
... Both designed artifacts and organisms exhibit special order: specified complexity Chance and necessity cannot generate Specified Complexity, or information Intelligence is a separate principle Blind mechanisms (like those of Darwinian ...
... Both designed artifacts and organisms exhibit special order: specified complexity Chance and necessity cannot generate Specified Complexity, or information Intelligence is a separate principle Blind mechanisms (like those of Darwinian ...
C6.4 PPT - Destiny High School
... • The left and right cerebral hemispheres are collectively referred to as the cerebrum, which makes up the largest portion of the brain. – cerebral cortex – the outer surface of the cerebrum • Gyrus – the brain surface is not smooth. Each of the curved, raised areas are called gyrus. • Sulcus – each ...
... • The left and right cerebral hemispheres are collectively referred to as the cerebrum, which makes up the largest portion of the brain. – cerebral cortex – the outer surface of the cerebrum • Gyrus – the brain surface is not smooth. Each of the curved, raised areas are called gyrus. • Sulcus – each ...
Converging on the Divergent - Association for Computational
... computational creativity is not a solution to a particular problem, like many of the current agreed grand challenges in AI. Rather, it is likely to be the way a system does what it does, and how well, that constitutes the real challenge. For example, one less-than-grand challenge to overcome is the ...
... computational creativity is not a solution to a particular problem, like many of the current agreed grand challenges in AI. Rather, it is likely to be the way a system does what it does, and how well, that constitutes the real challenge. For example, one less-than-grand challenge to overcome is the ...