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Fall Final Review Honors
... the following substances IONIC, POLAR, or NONPOLAR? a. MgO c. LiCl b. H2O d. Br2 42. Are the following properties characteristics of ionic, covalent, or metallic bonding? a. These bonds are formed by delocalized electrons in an “electron sea.” b. These bonds involve a transfer of electrons. c. Subst ...
... the following substances IONIC, POLAR, or NONPOLAR? a. MgO c. LiCl b. H2O d. Br2 42. Are the following properties characteristics of ionic, covalent, or metallic bonding? a. These bonds are formed by delocalized electrons in an “electron sea.” b. These bonds involve a transfer of electrons. c. Subst ...
File
... In non-molecular substances there are only strong forces of attraction between the particles; these are known as primary bonds. (2) ...
... In non-molecular substances there are only strong forces of attraction between the particles; these are known as primary bonds. (2) ...
الرقم الجامعي
... an s orbital on atom A and a px orbital on atom B ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ...
... an s orbital on atom A and a px orbital on atom B ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ...
Active Reading 3.1: Matter and Substances
... in the proportion of 1:2:1. 2 Carbohydrates are a key source of energy, and they are found in most foods—especially fruits, vegetables, and grains. 3 The building blocks of carbohydrates are single sugars called monosaccharides, such as glucose (C6H12O6) and fructose. 4 Glucose is a major source of ...
... in the proportion of 1:2:1. 2 Carbohydrates are a key source of energy, and they are found in most foods—especially fruits, vegetables, and grains. 3 The building blocks of carbohydrates are single sugars called monosaccharides, such as glucose (C6H12O6) and fructose. 4 Glucose is a major source of ...
Chapter 2 PowerPoint
... • Key to the chemical behavior of an atom lies in the number and arrangement of its electrons in their orbitals • Bohr model – electrons in discrete orbits • Modern physics defines orbital as area around a nucleus where an electron is most likely to be found • No orbital can contain more than two el ...
... • Key to the chemical behavior of an atom lies in the number and arrangement of its electrons in their orbitals • Bohr model – electrons in discrete orbits • Modern physics defines orbital as area around a nucleus where an electron is most likely to be found • No orbital can contain more than two el ...
chapt02_lecture from text
... • Key to the chemical behavior of an atom lies in the number and arrangement of its electrons in their orbitals • Bohr model – electrons in discrete orbits • Modern physics defines orbital as area around a nucleus where an electron is most likely to be found • No orbital can contain more than two el ...
... • Key to the chemical behavior of an atom lies in the number and arrangement of its electrons in their orbitals • Bohr model – electrons in discrete orbits • Modern physics defines orbital as area around a nucleus where an electron is most likely to be found • No orbital can contain more than two el ...
Ch9
... 2. Draw all the possible resonance structures (indicated in parentheses) for each of these molecules. a. b. c. d. ...
... 2. Draw all the possible resonance structures (indicated in parentheses) for each of these molecules. a. b. c. d. ...
Nature of Atoms Atomic Structure Atomic number Atomic mass
... Molecules are groups of atoms held together in a stable association Compounds are molecules containing yp of element more than one type Atoms are held together in molecules or compounds by chemical bonds ...
... Molecules are groups of atoms held together in a stable association Compounds are molecules containing yp of element more than one type Atoms are held together in molecules or compounds by chemical bonds ...
Unit 3 Practice Test
... 24. The boiling point of the first hydrogen compounds of Groups VA, VIA and VIIA elements display a reversal in trend is the result of A. London dispersion force C. dipole-dipole force ...
... 24. The boiling point of the first hydrogen compounds of Groups VA, VIA and VIIA elements display a reversal in trend is the result of A. London dispersion force C. dipole-dipole force ...
Chapter 4 4.1 Defining the Atom • Early Models of the Atom atom
... - Explain chemical behavior - have experimental support • Dalton's Atomic Theory(1766-1844) 1) All elements are composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms 2) Atoms of the same element are identical. Atoms of any one element are different from those of any other element 3) Atoms of different ...
... - Explain chemical behavior - have experimental support • Dalton's Atomic Theory(1766-1844) 1) All elements are composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms 2) Atoms of the same element are identical. Atoms of any one element are different from those of any other element 3) Atoms of different ...
5 ELECTRONS IN ATOMS Vocabulary Review Name ___________________________
... 3. the SI unit of frequency ...
... 3. the SI unit of frequency ...
3. Represents an atom that has four valence electrons.
... (A) no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers. (B) two atoms of the same element must have the same number of protons. (C) it is impossible to determine accurately both the position and momentum of an electron simultaneously. (D) electrons of atoms in their grou ...
... (A) no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers. (B) two atoms of the same element must have the same number of protons. (C) it is impossible to determine accurately both the position and momentum of an electron simultaneously. (D) electrons of atoms in their grou ...
Summer Resources - mvhs
... 2. Hydrogen Bonds: When hydrogen is bonded to F,O or N (highly electronegative atom), due to large electronegativity differences, the opposite ends of such molecules attract each other and it is called as hydrogen bond. ...
... 2. Hydrogen Bonds: When hydrogen is bonded to F,O or N (highly electronegative atom), due to large electronegativity differences, the opposite ends of such molecules attract each other and it is called as hydrogen bond. ...
Here
... e-pairs or dashes to represent bonds between atoms and adjacent pairs to represent nonbonding eb. Shared pair or bonding e- - pairs of e- that act as a bond between atoms c. Unshared, lone, or nonbonding e- pair – e- necessary to fill octets but not used in the bonding of atoms ...
... e-pairs or dashes to represent bonds between atoms and adjacent pairs to represent nonbonding eb. Shared pair or bonding e- - pairs of e- that act as a bond between atoms c. Unshared, lone, or nonbonding e- pair – e- necessary to fill octets but not used in the bonding of atoms ...
Part One: Molecular Geometry and Directional Bonding A
... Now that we can predict molecular geometry, we can predict polarity in a molecule. ...
... Now that we can predict molecular geometry, we can predict polarity in a molecule. ...
Outline Ch 8 - Mead`s Fabulous Weebly
... Ionic compounds form bonds because of attractions between positive and negative charges Other compounds use different types of bonding Covalent molecules use covalent bonding Def: bond formed by the sharing of electrons Molecules: neutral group of atoms joined by covalent bonds or sharing ...
... Ionic compounds form bonds because of attractions between positive and negative charges Other compounds use different types of bonding Covalent molecules use covalent bonding Def: bond formed by the sharing of electrons Molecules: neutral group of atoms joined by covalent bonds or sharing ...
4. bonding - New Hartford Central Schools
... Covalent Are forces acting between atoms to hold them together ...
... Covalent Are forces acting between atoms to hold them together ...
Nature of Molecules and Water
... – Na atom loses an electron to become Na+ – Cl atom gains an electron to become Cl– – Opposite charges attract so that Na+ and Cl– remain associated as an ionic compound • Electrical attraction of water molecules can disrupt forces holding ions together ...
... – Na atom loses an electron to become Na+ – Cl atom gains an electron to become Cl– – Opposite charges attract so that Na+ and Cl– remain associated as an ionic compound • Electrical attraction of water molecules can disrupt forces holding ions together ...
VSEPR Molecular Geometry VSEPR Molecular Geometry
... Add total # of valence electrons Determine central atom, eletropositive element Determine terminal/ peripheral atoms Connect central and terminal atoms Fulfill octet rule for terminal atoms Add electron to the central atom Determine the possibility of multiple bonds ...
... Add total # of valence electrons Determine central atom, eletropositive element Determine terminal/ peripheral atoms Connect central and terminal atoms Fulfill octet rule for terminal atoms Add electron to the central atom Determine the possibility of multiple bonds ...
ap chemistry review – multiple choice
... Questions 15-18 refer to the following (a) Heisenbery uncertainty principle (b) Pauli exclusion principle (c) Hund’s rule (principle of maximum multiplicity) (d) Shielding effect (e) Wave nature of matter 15. Can be used to predict that a gaseous carbon atom in it ground state is paramagnetic 16. E ...
... Questions 15-18 refer to the following (a) Heisenbery uncertainty principle (b) Pauli exclusion principle (c) Hund’s rule (principle of maximum multiplicity) (d) Shielding effect (e) Wave nature of matter 15. Can be used to predict that a gaseous carbon atom in it ground state is paramagnetic 16. E ...
The structure of Matter
... that they must have 8 valence electrons (also called a noble gas configuration). O Depending on how many valence electrons the atom is starting with, it will give away, steal, or share electrons in order to obtain 8. O Atoms will form either IONIC or COVALENT bonds. O The way that an atom bonds dete ...
... that they must have 8 valence electrons (also called a noble gas configuration). O Depending on how many valence electrons the atom is starting with, it will give away, steal, or share electrons in order to obtain 8. O Atoms will form either IONIC or COVALENT bonds. O The way that an atom bonds dete ...
Forces between atoms and molecules
... Note that force is the negative gradient of the potential energy: F(r) = -dU(r)/dr. Coulomb potential: ~1/r Charge – dipole interaction potential: ~1/r3 Dispersion interaction potential: ~1/r6 Repulsion between electronic clouds at short distance: ~1/r12. ...
... Note that force is the negative gradient of the potential energy: F(r) = -dU(r)/dr. Coulomb potential: ~1/r Charge – dipole interaction potential: ~1/r3 Dispersion interaction potential: ~1/r6 Repulsion between electronic clouds at short distance: ~1/r12. ...
Chemical bond
A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges, either between electrons and nuclei, or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are ""strong bonds"" such as covalent or ionic bonds and ""weak bonds"" such as Dipole-dipole interaction, the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding.Since opposite charges attract via a simple electromagnetic force, the negatively charged electrons that are orbiting the nucleus and the positively charged protons in the nucleus attract each other. An electron positioned between two nuclei will be attracted to both of them, and the nuclei will be attracted toward electrons in this position. This attraction constitutes the chemical bond. Due to the matter wave nature of electrons and their smaller mass, they must occupy a much larger amount of volume compared with the nuclei, and this volume occupied by the electrons keeps the atomic nuclei relatively far apart, as compared with the size of the nuclei themselves. This phenomenon limits the distance between nuclei and atoms in a bond.In general, strong chemical bonding is associated with the sharing or transfer of electrons between the participating atoms. The atoms in molecules, crystals, metals and diatomic gases—indeed most of the physical environment around us—are held together by chemical bonds, which dictate the structure and the bulk properties of matter.All bonds can be explained by quantum theory, but, in practice, simplification rules allow chemists to predict the strength, directionality, and polarity of bonds. The octet rule and VSEPR theory are two examples. More sophisticated theories are valence bond theory which includes orbital hybridization and resonance, and the linear combination of atomic orbitals molecular orbital method which includes ligand field theory. Electrostatics are used to describe bond polarities and the effects they have on chemical substances.