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STUDY MATERIAL 2015-16 CHEMISTRY CLASS XI
STUDY MATERIAL 2015-16 CHEMISTRY CLASS XI

... Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan is a pioneer organization which caters to the all round development of the students. Time to time various strategies have been adopted to adorn the students with academic excellence. This support material is one such effort by Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan, an empirical e ...
An N-atom Collective State Atomic Interferometer with Ultra
An N-atom Collective State Atomic Interferometer with Ultra

EGAS41
EGAS41

Optical pumping studies of vibrational energy transfer
Optical pumping studies of vibrational energy transfer

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Geometry
Chemical Bonding and Molecular Geometry

Eliminating light shifts in single
Eliminating light shifts in single

Trapping and cooling rubidium atoms for quantum information
Trapping and cooling rubidium atoms for quantum information

... large single wave function of the whole ensemble builds up, essentially leaving all the atoms in a precisely defined, macroscopic collective quantum state. The discovery of micro- and nano-Kelvin samples of dilute atomic gases opened a new approach to long standing theoretical predictions [9]. Bose- ...
Gap Evolution in \nu=1/2 Bilayer Quantum Hall Systems
Gap Evolution in \nu=1/2 Bilayer Quantum Hall Systems

... mean-field picture of composite fermion pairing possesses a beautiful structure, the relation to the experimental result mentioned above has been unclear and it stays only in theoretical curiosity. In this article, we perform a numerical investigation of the evolution of the  ¼ 1=2 FQHE state as a f ...
Spectroscopic study of the decomposition process of
Spectroscopic study of the decomposition process of

Ion Photon Entanglement with Barium
Ion Photon Entanglement with Barium

Beginning Chemistry
Beginning Chemistry

The crucial role of triplets in photoinduced charge transfer and
The crucial role of triplets in photoinduced charge transfer and

... is often carried out by electron transfer from excited active molecules to the quenchers or vice versa. The concentration dependence of the relative quenching quantum yield is given by a conventional Stern–Volmer law with some quenching constant k. The latter is often identified with the rate of elec ...
SED122 - National Open University of Nigeria
SED122 - National Open University of Nigeria

Electron-hole correlations in semiconductor quantum dots with tight-binding wave functions
Electron-hole correlations in semiconductor quantum dots with tight-binding wave functions

... require a selection of specific atomic orbitals that cannot be explicitly related to the tight-binding parameters. Hence, a key question that we address in this work is how sensitive the calculated electron-hole properties are to specific choices of orbitals used to calculate the Coulomb matrix elem ...
covalent - Typepad
covalent - Typepad

... 1. In the compound sodium fluoride, NaF, the sodium atom loses one electron and the fluorine atom gains one electron to form ions that are isoelectric with a. helium. c. neon. b. oxygen. d. calcium. 2. Atoms of copper and iron a. generally form stable bonds with transition elements. b. have stable e ...
Many-body theory of excitation dynamics in an ultracold Rydberg gas
Many-body theory of excitation dynamics in an ultracold Rydberg gas

Observation of oscillatory energy exchange in a coupled-atom
Observation of oscillatory energy exchange in a coupled-atom

Far-infrared-driven electron-hole correlations in a quantum dot with an internal... Roger Sakhel, Lars Jo¨nsson, and John W. Wilkins
Far-infrared-driven electron-hole correlations in a quantum dot with an internal... Roger Sakhel, Lars Jo¨nsson, and John W. Wilkins

... with an internal AlGaAs tunneling barrier are studied by numerical propagation of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. The dimensions of the dot are 13⫻25⫻25 nm3 共denoted x, y, and z directions, respectively兲. The width of the symmetrically placed barrier in the x direction varies between 1 and ...
Flatland Electrons in High Magnetic Fields
Flatland Electrons in High Magnetic Fields

1 Structure of Atom
1 Structure of Atom

... When electromagnetic radiations of sufficient energy are allowed to fall on metal surface such as caesium, sodium, etc., electrons are emitted. This phenomenon is called photoelectric effect. The frequency which provides enough energy just to release the electron from the metal surface is called thr ...
Electron and hole wave functions in self
Electron and hole wave functions in self

... neutral exciton, but the charged exciton displays a fluxrelated effect largely through the pronounced AharanovBohm effect of the electron left behind after recombination.24 Models have been developed to account for various factors in semiconductor quantum rings, for instance the eccentricity,25 the ...
Simultaneous Recovery of Two Ultrashort Laser
Simultaneous Recovery of Two Ultrashort Laser

Coherent and incoherent evolution of qubits in
Coherent and incoherent evolution of qubits in

Theoretical Study of Carrier Capture into Semiconductor Quantum
Theoretical Study of Carrier Capture into Semiconductor Quantum

Electron Density Distributions Calculated for the Nickel Sulfides
Electron Density Distributions Calculated for the Nickel Sulfides

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Ionization



Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. Ionization can result from the loss of an electron after collisions with sub atomic particles, collisions with other atoms, molecules and ions, or through the interaction with light. Heterolytic bond cleavage and heterolytic substitution reactions can result in the formation of ion pairs. Ionization can occur through radioactive decay by the internal conversion process, in which an excited nucleus transfers its energy to one of the inner-shell electrons causing it to be ejected.
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