K eq
... 1. Each student wads up two paper wads. 2. You must start and stop as the timekeeper says. 3. Throw only one paper wad at a time. 4. If a paper wad lands next to you, you must throw it back. ...
... 1. Each student wads up two paper wads. 2. You must start and stop as the timekeeper says. 3. Throw only one paper wad at a time. 4. If a paper wad lands next to you, you must throw it back. ...
Glossary: Chemical bonds
... charged nucleus that binds one or more electrons in motion around it. Beta particle. (ß-) An electron emitted by an unstable nucleus, when a neutron decays into a proton and an electron. In some cases, beta radiation consists of positrons (“antielectrons” which are identical to electrons but carry a ...
... charged nucleus that binds one or more electrons in motion around it. Beta particle. (ß-) An electron emitted by an unstable nucleus, when a neutron decays into a proton and an electron. In some cases, beta radiation consists of positrons (“antielectrons” which are identical to electrons but carry a ...
3. d-Block elements. Biological role, application in medicine.
... Radiuses of the ions increase in groups by growth of the atomic number of an element and decrease at transition from IA to IIA-group. The closeness of ionic radiuses of Li+, K+, Ba2+ plays an important role in the biochemistry of these metals. S-Block elements are characterized by small ionization e ...
... Radiuses of the ions increase in groups by growth of the atomic number of an element and decrease at transition from IA to IIA-group. The closeness of ionic radiuses of Li+, K+, Ba2+ plays an important role in the biochemistry of these metals. S-Block elements are characterized by small ionization e ...
Study Guide: Chemistry
... Why rusting of iron is a chemical change - Rusted iron cannot be converted back to its original form, heat is produced during rust formation Rusting is best prevented by painting 1.5.5 Compounds and mixtures Compound - Substances formed by the combination of two or more elements in a way that causes ...
... Why rusting of iron is a chemical change - Rusted iron cannot be converted back to its original form, heat is produced during rust formation Rusting is best prevented by painting 1.5.5 Compounds and mixtures Compound - Substances formed by the combination of two or more elements in a way that causes ...
1. formulae equations and amount
... Gas syringes can be used for a variety of experiments where the volume of a gas is measured, possibly to work out moles of gas or to follow reaction rates. ...
... Gas syringes can be used for a variety of experiments where the volume of a gas is measured, possibly to work out moles of gas or to follow reaction rates. ...
PRACTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
... no definite melting points. All except starch and inulin are soluble in water. III-1-1-Molish's tes (characteristic test for carbohydrates): Place 0.025g of the substance in a test-tube containing 2.5ml of H2O and mix it with 2 drops of a 10% solution of 1-naphthol in ethanol. Allow 1 ml of conc. H2 ...
... no definite melting points. All except starch and inulin are soluble in water. III-1-1-Molish's tes (characteristic test for carbohydrates): Place 0.025g of the substance in a test-tube containing 2.5ml of H2O and mix it with 2 drops of a 10% solution of 1-naphthol in ethanol. Allow 1 ml of conc. H2 ...
1. Given the balanced equation
... monoxide. Crushed limestone, CaCO3, is also added to the mixture to remove impurities in the ore. The carbon monoxide is formed by the oxidation of carbon(coke), as shown in the reaction below: 2 C + O2 - 2 CO + energy Liquid iron flows from the bottom of the blast furnace and is processed into diff ...
... monoxide. Crushed limestone, CaCO3, is also added to the mixture to remove impurities in the ore. The carbon monoxide is formed by the oxidation of carbon(coke), as shown in the reaction below: 2 C + O2 - 2 CO + energy Liquid iron flows from the bottom of the blast furnace and is processed into diff ...
Gr. 11 Chemistry Student Workbook (Spring 2016)
... laboratory work. The most basic piece of personal protective equipment is a pair of goggles, and these will always be made available to students. Like a calculator for mathematics, and running shoes for physical education goggles are personal pieces of equipment best owned by students. When students ...
... laboratory work. The most basic piece of personal protective equipment is a pair of goggles, and these will always be made available to students. Like a calculator for mathematics, and running shoes for physical education goggles are personal pieces of equipment best owned by students. When students ...
FE Exam Review for Chemistry
... Number of neutrons = atomic mass – atomic number Isotopes have a non‐standard number of neutrons (heavy or light) How do you calculate average atomic mass? Average atomic mass is a weighted average of the masses of all isotopes. Avg atomic mass = sum of all isotope (frequency)(mass) What’s the ...
... Number of neutrons = atomic mass – atomic number Isotopes have a non‐standard number of neutrons (heavy or light) How do you calculate average atomic mass? Average atomic mass is a weighted average of the masses of all isotopes. Avg atomic mass = sum of all isotope (frequency)(mass) What’s the ...
Answer Key, Problem Set 6 – complete, with explanations
... ions, I have shown the ions as “touching” here—you could have shown them with a bit of space in between them as well, as long as the amount of space in between was roughly “equal” for all adjacent ions). To further ...
... ions, I have shown the ions as “touching” here—you could have shown them with a bit of space in between them as well, as long as the amount of space in between was roughly “equal” for all adjacent ions). To further ...
1984 Advanced Placement Exam
... Reproductions of these examination questions by classroom teachers is permitted for face-to-face teaching purposes only. ...
... Reproductions of these examination questions by classroom teachers is permitted for face-to-face teaching purposes only. ...
Chapter 8 and 9 – Energy Balances
... C), J/(mol oC), etc). Table B.2 provides polynomial expressions for heat capacities Cp Cp = a + bT + cT2 + dT3 ...
... C), J/(mol oC), etc). Table B.2 provides polynomial expressions for heat capacities Cp Cp = a + bT + cT2 + dT3 ...
Chemistry Lab 2010
... to change initial concentrations of each reactant. • Measure how initial rate changes as concentration of each reactant is changed. • Zeroth order = concentration doubles, rate unchanged • First order = concentration doubles, rate doubles • Second order = concentration doubles, rate quadruples Remem ...
... to change initial concentrations of each reactant. • Measure how initial rate changes as concentration of each reactant is changed. • Zeroth order = concentration doubles, rate unchanged • First order = concentration doubles, rate doubles • Second order = concentration doubles, rate quadruples Remem ...
AP Chemistry Lab Manual
... someone who is unfamiliar with your work may be using this notebook to evaluate your lab experience in chemistry. When you explain your work, list your data, calculate values and answer questions, be sure that the meaning will be obvious to anyone who reads your notebook. Guidelines for the notebook ...
... someone who is unfamiliar with your work may be using this notebook to evaluate your lab experience in chemistry. When you explain your work, list your data, calculate values and answer questions, be sure that the meaning will be obvious to anyone who reads your notebook. Guidelines for the notebook ...
Chemical Reactions and The Mole
... By definition an AMU is 1/12th the mass of a C-12 atom. The unit of mass needs a reference point and a specific amount of matter to which all other matter can be referenced. This is a standard, as C-12 is very abundant, but this mass is very small, too small to work with. Generally, you will work wi ...
... By definition an AMU is 1/12th the mass of a C-12 atom. The unit of mass needs a reference point and a specific amount of matter to which all other matter can be referenced. This is a standard, as C-12 is very abundant, but this mass is very small, too small to work with. Generally, you will work wi ...
File
... someone who is unfamiliar with your work may be using this notebook to evaluate your lab experience in chemistry. When you explain your work, list your data, calculate values and answer questions, be sure that the meaning will be obvious to anyone who reads your notebook. Guidelines for the notebook ...
... someone who is unfamiliar with your work may be using this notebook to evaluate your lab experience in chemistry. When you explain your work, list your data, calculate values and answer questions, be sure that the meaning will be obvious to anyone who reads your notebook. Guidelines for the notebook ...
Course Book - Department of Chemistry
... Students will gain the fundamental knowledge about the synthesis, structure, bonding and properties of some selected main group elements. Exposure to the fundamental concepts on different theories of bonding and their relation to the properties of transition metal coordination compounds will be help ...
... Students will gain the fundamental knowledge about the synthesis, structure, bonding and properties of some selected main group elements. Exposure to the fundamental concepts on different theories of bonding and their relation to the properties of transition metal coordination compounds will be help ...
Sustainable Oxidation Catalysis for Synthesis
... Dr Mark J. Muldoon* Queen’s University Belfast * corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract At present, many oxidation reactions rely on inefficient and wasteful methods that are problematic on a larger scale. There is a need to develop efficient catalysts that use sustainable terminal oxi ...
... Dr Mark J. Muldoon* Queen’s University Belfast * corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract At present, many oxidation reactions rely on inefficient and wasteful methods that are problematic on a larger scale. There is a need to develop efficient catalysts that use sustainable terminal oxi ...
Unit 8 Student Notes
... Consider the generic reaction while studying the diagram: A B. You’re beginning with only reactants (A) and you have zero products (B). The concentration of the products [B] begins to increase as the concentration of the reactants [A] decreases. As soon as product particles exist, the reverse reac ...
... Consider the generic reaction while studying the diagram: A B. You’re beginning with only reactants (A) and you have zero products (B). The concentration of the products [B] begins to increase as the concentration of the reactants [A] decreases. As soon as product particles exist, the reverse reac ...
Chapter Ten
... weak acid and its conjugate base. ► Rearranging the Ka equation shows that the value of [H3O+] depends on the ratio [HA]/[A-]. [H3O+] = Ka [HA]/[A-] ► Most H3O+ added is removed by reaction with A- ,so [HA] increases and [A-] decreases. As long as these changes are small, the ratio [HA]/[A-] changes ...
... weak acid and its conjugate base. ► Rearranging the Ka equation shows that the value of [H3O+] depends on the ratio [HA]/[A-]. [H3O+] = Ka [HA]/[A-] ► Most H3O+ added is removed by reaction with A- ,so [HA] increases and [A-] decreases. As long as these changes are small, the ratio [HA]/[A-] changes ...
Answer
... processes respectively. The figure below shows a series of DSC curves collected for methane at different pressures. The scales of all the heat flow curves are the same, but they have been offset from zero for clarity. Clearly identify the type of phase change associated with every peak in the DSC cu ...
... processes respectively. The figure below shows a series of DSC curves collected for methane at different pressures. The scales of all the heat flow curves are the same, but they have been offset from zero for clarity. Clearly identify the type of phase change associated with every peak in the DSC cu ...
Lewis acid catalysis
In Lewis acid catalysis of organic reactions, a metal-based Lewis acid acts as an electron pair acceptor to increase the reactivity of a substrate. Common Lewis acid catalysts are based on main group metals such as aluminum, boron, silicon, and tin, as well as many early (titanium, zirconium) and late (iron, copper, zinc) d-block metals. The metal atom forms an adduct with a lone-pair bearing electronegative atom in the substrate, such as oxygen (both sp2 or sp3), nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. The complexation has partial charge-transfer character and makes the lone-pair donor effectively more electronegative, activating the substrate toward nucleophilic attack, heterolytic bond cleavage, or cycloaddition with 1,3-dienes and 1,3-dipoles.Many classical reactions involving carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom bond formation can be catalyzed by Lewis acids. Examples include the Friedel-Crafts reaction, the aldol reaction, and various pericyclic processes that proceed slowly at room temperature, such as the Diels-Alder reaction and the ene reaction. In addition to accelerating the reactions, Lewis acid catalysts are able to impose regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in many cases.Early developments in Lewis acid reagents focused on easily available compounds such as TiCl4, BF3, SnCl4, and AlCl3. The relative strengths of these (and other) Lewis acids may be estimated from NMR spectroscopy by the Childs method or the Gutmann-Beckett method. Over the years, versatile catalysts bearing ligands designed for specific applications have facilitated improvement in both reactivity and selectivity of Lewis acid-catalyzed reactions. More recently, Lewis acid catalysts with chiral ligands have become an important class of tools for asymmetric catalysis.Challenges in the development of Lewis acid catalysis include inefficient catalyst turnover (caused by catalyst affinity for the product) and the frequent requirement of two-point binding for stereoselectivity, which often necessitates the use of auxiliary groups.