LEGGETT--AP CHEMISTRY * MINIMAL FINAL REVIEW
... D. C-F 16. Which of the descriptions below is the best representation of the energy change involved in the process of breaking bonds in a molecule? (ignore any subsequent bond formation that may occur) A. Always exothermic B. Always endothermic C. Net energy change is zero D. Exothermic or endotherm ...
... D. C-F 16. Which of the descriptions below is the best representation of the energy change involved in the process of breaking bonds in a molecule? (ignore any subsequent bond formation that may occur) A. Always exothermic B. Always endothermic C. Net energy change is zero D. Exothermic or endotherm ...
Biodiesel preparation in batch emulgation reactor
... does not contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, sulfur compounds and halogenides [1]. Biodiesel contains about 10 % of oxygen which supports burning, thus the emission of ash and smokiness are less in comparison with the combustion of fossil-oil diesel [2]. Biodiesel has better lubricity than doe ...
... does not contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, sulfur compounds and halogenides [1]. Biodiesel contains about 10 % of oxygen which supports burning, thus the emission of ash and smokiness are less in comparison with the combustion of fossil-oil diesel [2]. Biodiesel has better lubricity than doe ...
Heats of Formation WS
... Heats of Formation 1. For each of the following compounds, write a balanced thermochemical equation depicting the formation of one mole of the compound from its elements in their standard states and use the appendix to obtain the value of ∆Hfº. [a] NO2 (g) ...
... Heats of Formation 1. For each of the following compounds, write a balanced thermochemical equation depicting the formation of one mole of the compound from its elements in their standard states and use the appendix to obtain the value of ∆Hfº. [a] NO2 (g) ...
CHEMISTRY SAMPLE PAPER - I
... (b) the reduction of Cr2O3 with AI is thermodynamically feasible, yet it does not occur at room temperature. (c) pine oil is used in froth floatation method. 3 23. Explain the following facts (a) transition metals act as catalysts. (b) chromium group elements have the highest melting points in their ...
... (b) the reduction of Cr2O3 with AI is thermodynamically feasible, yet it does not occur at room temperature. (c) pine oil is used in froth floatation method. 3 23. Explain the following facts (a) transition metals act as catalysts. (b) chromium group elements have the highest melting points in their ...
C4C5C6
... Oils and fats are ESTERS that can be obtained from animals or vegetables. – Saturated = carbon-carbon single bonds – Unsaturated = at least one carbon-carbon double bond Test for Unsaturated fats • Shake with bromine water : Orange to colourless Natural Fats and Oils • Animal oils/fats often saturat ...
... Oils and fats are ESTERS that can be obtained from animals or vegetables. – Saturated = carbon-carbon single bonds – Unsaturated = at least one carbon-carbon double bond Test for Unsaturated fats • Shake with bromine water : Orange to colourless Natural Fats and Oils • Animal oils/fats often saturat ...
13.IVA group. Carbon and Silicon and their compounds.
... Carbon occurrence and extraction Carbon can all be found in the elemental form in the Earth’s crust, and are readily mined. CO2 + 2Mg = C + 2MgO; C6H12O6 (H2SO4)= 6C + 6H2O. Silicon never occurs as a free element in nature. It can be found in mineral deposits and purified from them. Very pure silic ...
... Carbon occurrence and extraction Carbon can all be found in the elemental form in the Earth’s crust, and are readily mined. CO2 + 2Mg = C + 2MgO; C6H12O6 (H2SO4)= 6C + 6H2O. Silicon never occurs as a free element in nature. It can be found in mineral deposits and purified from them. Very pure silic ...
Household Items That May Contain Mercury
... Hazardous materials are a pervasive part of the world in which we live, and incidents involving such materials are inevitable. Those persons in manufacturing, using, and transporting hazardous materials are trained to safely undertake initial protective actions when an unplanned release occurs and t ...
... Hazardous materials are a pervasive part of the world in which we live, and incidents involving such materials are inevitable. Those persons in manufacturing, using, and transporting hazardous materials are trained to safely undertake initial protective actions when an unplanned release occurs and t ...
Chemistry Spell check on
... 5 If this information is correct, print your name and seat number in the boxes provided. 6 The answer to each question is either A, B, C or D. Decide what your answer is, then, using your pencil, put a horizontal line in the space provided (see sample question below). 7 There is only one co ...
... 5 If this information is correct, print your name and seat number in the boxes provided. 6 The answer to each question is either A, B, C or D. Decide what your answer is, then, using your pencil, put a horizontal line in the space provided (see sample question below). 7 There is only one co ...
Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry
... Second Semester starts here!!! (Wednesday 2/2/11 P1,3,5 & Thursday 2/3/11 P2,4,6) Chapter 8 Types of Chemical Reactions VII. Types of Chemical Reactions - Doing reactions in a lab can be dangerous, time consuming and/or expensive. Recognizing patterns allows scientists to predict the products of man ...
... Second Semester starts here!!! (Wednesday 2/2/11 P1,3,5 & Thursday 2/3/11 P2,4,6) Chapter 8 Types of Chemical Reactions VII. Types of Chemical Reactions - Doing reactions in a lab can be dangerous, time consuming and/or expensive. Recognizing patterns allows scientists to predict the products of man ...
Chapter 6 Chemical reactions Classification And Mass Relationships
... Reduction: Gain of one or more electrons by an atom Therefore oxidation reduction reactions are the reactions in which the electrons are transferred from one atom to another. ...
... Reduction: Gain of one or more electrons by an atom Therefore oxidation reduction reactions are the reactions in which the electrons are transferred from one atom to another. ...
UNIT 1—Water AB
... b. Compare the value found in this experiment to the text value for the density of water. What is the % error of this experiment? 6. How many significant digits are in the following numbers? a. 2.75 b. 2.750 c. 0.00768 d. 1.00768 e. 100 f. 4.70 x 106 7. Calculate each of the following to the correct ...
... b. Compare the value found in this experiment to the text value for the density of water. What is the % error of this experiment? 6. How many significant digits are in the following numbers? a. 2.75 b. 2.750 c. 0.00768 d. 1.00768 e. 100 f. 4.70 x 106 7. Calculate each of the following to the correct ...
Balancing Chemical Equations
... Now you have changed the numbers of Oxygen atoms in the products – there are 7 O’s Changing the number of C2H5OH’s will force you to change the coefficients on the products One of the O’s is used up in the C2H5OH, so there are 6 O’s that need to be accounted for by the O2’s. Put the coefficient 3 in ...
... Now you have changed the numbers of Oxygen atoms in the products – there are 7 O’s Changing the number of C2H5OH’s will force you to change the coefficients on the products One of the O’s is used up in the C2H5OH, so there are 6 O’s that need to be accounted for by the O2’s. Put the coefficient 3 in ...
Introduction(s)
... Binary aqueous acid compounds (recognized because hydrogen is the first element that is combined with an ide ion) are named by using the pattern: hydro-(root word of negative element)-ic acid ...
... Binary aqueous acid compounds (recognized because hydrogen is the first element that is combined with an ide ion) are named by using the pattern: hydro-(root word of negative element)-ic acid ...
Memorization?
... Binary aqueous acid compounds (recognized because hydrogen is the first element that is combined with an ide ion) are named by using the pattern: hydro-(root word of negative element)-ic acid ...
... Binary aqueous acid compounds (recognized because hydrogen is the first element that is combined with an ide ion) are named by using the pattern: hydro-(root word of negative element)-ic acid ...
Chemical Reactions Practice Test
... temperature increases valence electrons are used up interval between the two similar elements increases on the activity series interval between the two similar elements decreases on the activity series ...
... temperature increases valence electrons are used up interval between the two similar elements increases on the activity series interval between the two similar elements decreases on the activity series ...
1 R R 1Ch Ro_ R___ + ____ ____ + _+ S ___y → +
... ________ 13. In an equation, a substance is shown to be in the gaseous state by placing an upward-pointing arrow after its formula. ________ 14. The symbol placed over the arrow in an equation means that heat is supplied to the reaction. ________ 15. Atoms are destroyed in a chemical reaction. ___ ...
... ________ 13. In an equation, a substance is shown to be in the gaseous state by placing an upward-pointing arrow after its formula. ________ 14. The symbol placed over the arrow in an equation means that heat is supplied to the reaction. ________ 15. Atoms are destroyed in a chemical reaction. ___ ...
Lecture 1: RDCH 710 Introduction
... NpF4 with excess Ca NpO2 in a molten salt process Can also use Cs2NpO2Cl4 and Cs3NpO2Cl4 LiCl/KCl as electrolyte at 723 K NpC reduction with Ta followed by volatilization of Np Electrodepostion from aqueous solution Amalgamation with Hg from 1 M CH3COOH and 0.3 M CH3COONa at pH 3.5 D ...
... NpF4 with excess Ca NpO2 in a molten salt process Can also use Cs2NpO2Cl4 and Cs3NpO2Cl4 LiCl/KCl as electrolyte at 723 K NpC reduction with Ta followed by volatilization of Np Electrodepostion from aqueous solution Amalgamation with Hg from 1 M CH3COOH and 0.3 M CH3COONa at pH 3.5 D ...
Chem Stoichiometry Study Guide
... 12. Identify the limiting and excess reactants when 1.00 g of zinc reacts with 150 mL of 0.250M Pb(NO 3)2. How many grams of lead are formed in this single replacement ...
... 12. Identify the limiting and excess reactants when 1.00 g of zinc reacts with 150 mL of 0.250M Pb(NO 3)2. How many grams of lead are formed in this single replacement ...
CHEM 30 REDOX
... During this reaction, the reddish-orange dichromate ion changes color to the green chromium ion when it reacts with the alcohol; the degree of the color change is directly related to the level of alcohol in the expelled air. To determine the amount of alcohol in that air, the reacted mixture is comp ...
... During this reaction, the reddish-orange dichromate ion changes color to the green chromium ion when it reacts with the alcohol; the degree of the color change is directly related to the level of alcohol in the expelled air. To determine the amount of alcohol in that air, the reacted mixture is comp ...
Examples
... of each ion to make it neutral for example: Na+ and O2 2 sodium for every one oxygen Na2O ...
... of each ion to make it neutral for example: Na+ and O2 2 sodium for every one oxygen Na2O ...
Exam 1 Review
... 7. The place on a phase diagram where solid and liquid are in equilibrium is called a. the triple point b. the normal melting point c. the solid-liquid boundary d. the supercritical fluid 8. A chemical reaction taking place at 24 atm of pressure results in the volume of the system decreasing from 14 ...
... 7. The place on a phase diagram where solid and liquid are in equilibrium is called a. the triple point b. the normal melting point c. the solid-liquid boundary d. the supercritical fluid 8. A chemical reaction taking place at 24 atm of pressure results in the volume of the system decreasing from 14 ...
AP Thermo I Notes
... many different kinds of reactions: ∆Hvap-heat of vaporization-converting liquid to gas ∆Hfus-heat of fusion-melting a solid ∆Hcomb-heat of combustion-combusting a substance in oxygen ∆Hf-heat of formation-heat associated with the formation of a compound from its elements. This one is kind of ...
... many different kinds of reactions: ∆Hvap-heat of vaporization-converting liquid to gas ∆Hfus-heat of fusion-melting a solid ∆Hcomb-heat of combustion-combusting a substance in oxygen ∆Hf-heat of formation-heat associated with the formation of a compound from its elements. This one is kind of ...
- Deans Community High School
... 4. Which of the following occurs when crude oil is distilled? A. covalent bonds break and form again B. Van der Waals’ bonds break and form again C. covalent bonds break and Van der Waals’ bonds form D. Van der Waals’ bonds break and covalent bonds form 5. A substance melts at 1074oC and boils at 17 ...
... 4. Which of the following occurs when crude oil is distilled? A. covalent bonds break and form again B. Van der Waals’ bonds break and form again C. covalent bonds break and Van der Waals’ bonds form D. Van der Waals’ bonds break and covalent bonds form 5. A substance melts at 1074oC and boils at 17 ...
Lewis acid catalysis
In Lewis acid catalysis of organic reactions, a metal-based Lewis acid acts as an electron pair acceptor to increase the reactivity of a substrate. Common Lewis acid catalysts are based on main group metals such as aluminum, boron, silicon, and tin, as well as many early (titanium, zirconium) and late (iron, copper, zinc) d-block metals. The metal atom forms an adduct with a lone-pair bearing electronegative atom in the substrate, such as oxygen (both sp2 or sp3), nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. The complexation has partial charge-transfer character and makes the lone-pair donor effectively more electronegative, activating the substrate toward nucleophilic attack, heterolytic bond cleavage, or cycloaddition with 1,3-dienes and 1,3-dipoles.Many classical reactions involving carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom bond formation can be catalyzed by Lewis acids. Examples include the Friedel-Crafts reaction, the aldol reaction, and various pericyclic processes that proceed slowly at room temperature, such as the Diels-Alder reaction and the ene reaction. In addition to accelerating the reactions, Lewis acid catalysts are able to impose regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in many cases.Early developments in Lewis acid reagents focused on easily available compounds such as TiCl4, BF3, SnCl4, and AlCl3. The relative strengths of these (and other) Lewis acids may be estimated from NMR spectroscopy by the Childs method or the Gutmann-Beckett method. Over the years, versatile catalysts bearing ligands designed for specific applications have facilitated improvement in both reactivity and selectivity of Lewis acid-catalyzed reactions. More recently, Lewis acid catalysts with chiral ligands have become an important class of tools for asymmetric catalysis.Challenges in the development of Lewis acid catalysis include inefficient catalyst turnover (caused by catalyst affinity for the product) and the frequent requirement of two-point binding for stereoselectivity, which often necessitates the use of auxiliary groups.