Electron transport chain…
... Chemiosmotic hypothesis • is the most widely accepted hypothesis to explain oxidative phosphorylation – electron transport chain organized so protons move outward from the mitochondrial matrix as electrons are transported down the chain – proton expulsion during electron transport results in the for ...
... Chemiosmotic hypothesis • is the most widely accepted hypothesis to explain oxidative phosphorylation – electron transport chain organized so protons move outward from the mitochondrial matrix as electrons are transported down the chain – proton expulsion during electron transport results in the for ...
2 Pyruvate
... The Pathway of Electron Transport The electron transport chain is located in the inner membrane (cristae) of the mitochondrion Most of the chain’s components are proteins, which exist in multiprotein complexes The carriers alternate reduced and oxidized states as they accept and donate electr ...
... The Pathway of Electron Transport The electron transport chain is located in the inner membrane (cristae) of the mitochondrion Most of the chain’s components are proteins, which exist in multiprotein complexes The carriers alternate reduced and oxidized states as they accept and donate electr ...
PowerPoint
... stage known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. It takes place in the mitochondria and consists of eight steps. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen are released during TCA. – E. In the fourth stage, the electron transport system (ETS), electrons of the hydrogen molecules released in the earlier stages ar ...
... stage known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. It takes place in the mitochondria and consists of eight steps. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen are released during TCA. – E. In the fourth stage, the electron transport system (ETS), electrons of the hydrogen molecules released in the earlier stages ar ...
How is ferredoxin-NADP reductase involved in
... Ever since Avron and Jagendorf (1957) first documented the molecular weight of the flavoprotein, values from 32 to 117.5 kDa were reported up to about 1978 (Zanetti and Forti 1966; Keirns and Wang 1972; Schneeman and Krogmann 1975; Fredricks and Gehl 1976; Gozzer et al. 1977; Bookjans et al. 1978; H ...
... Ever since Avron and Jagendorf (1957) first documented the molecular weight of the flavoprotein, values from 32 to 117.5 kDa were reported up to about 1978 (Zanetti and Forti 1966; Keirns and Wang 1972; Schneeman and Krogmann 1975; Fredricks and Gehl 1976; Gozzer et al. 1977; Bookjans et al. 1978; H ...
20. bioenergetics
... ∆ EA = energy of a system at the start of a process ∆ EB = energy of a system at the end of a process Q = heat absorbed by the system W = work done by the system. A noteworthy point about equation 1 is that the change in energy of a system depends only on the initial and the final stages and not on ...
... ∆ EA = energy of a system at the start of a process ∆ EB = energy of a system at the end of a process Q = heat absorbed by the system W = work done by the system. A noteworthy point about equation 1 is that the change in energy of a system depends only on the initial and the final stages and not on ...
Pyruvate Glucose - School of Medicine
... produced in the lactate DH reaction. Thus, redox balance is maintained. The NADH that is produced in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate reaction is consumed in the lactate DH reaction. Thus, redox balance is maintained. Glucose + 2 Pi +2 ADP → 2 lactate + 2 ATP + 2 H2O ...
... produced in the lactate DH reaction. Thus, redox balance is maintained. The NADH that is produced in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate reaction is consumed in the lactate DH reaction. Thus, redox balance is maintained. Glucose + 2 Pi +2 ADP → 2 lactate + 2 ATP + 2 H2O ...
Cell Respiration WebQuest(09)
... Go to About.com: Biology: Cellular Respiration. Read about ATP yields. (http://biology.about.com/library/weekly/aa090601a.htm) 12. How many ATPs are produced total in cellular respiration? ...
... Go to About.com: Biology: Cellular Respiration. Read about ATP yields. (http://biology.about.com/library/weekly/aa090601a.htm) 12. How many ATPs are produced total in cellular respiration? ...
Lecture 22 – New HW assignment – Anaerobic metabolism (continued) – Other sugars
... Mannose is found in glycoproteins Epimer of glucose at the C2 position Converted to F6P by two-step pathway 1. Hexokinase converts mannose to mannose-6phosphate 2. Phosphomannose isomerase converts the aldose to ketose F6P. (the mechanism is similar to phosphoglucose isomerase with an enediolate ...
... Mannose is found in glycoproteins Epimer of glucose at the C2 position Converted to F6P by two-step pathway 1. Hexokinase converts mannose to mannose-6phosphate 2. Phosphomannose isomerase converts the aldose to ketose F6P. (the mechanism is similar to phosphoglucose isomerase with an enediolate ...
Plant Chloroplasts and Other Plastids
... and the inner envelope membrane, the intermembrane space, the stroma, the thylakoid membrane and the thylakoid lumen (Figure 1). Most of the precursor proteins carry an N-terminal extension (the transit peptide, up to about 100 amino acid residues in length) that is responsible for the correct targe ...
... and the inner envelope membrane, the intermembrane space, the stroma, the thylakoid membrane and the thylakoid lumen (Figure 1). Most of the precursor proteins carry an N-terminal extension (the transit peptide, up to about 100 amino acid residues in length) that is responsible for the correct targe ...
Anaerobic Respiration
... In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is transported into the mitochondrial matrix, where it is converted into carbon dioxide. ...
... In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is transported into the mitochondrial matrix, where it is converted into carbon dioxide. ...
fiiformis1 - Plant Physiology
... Organelles from the -crude homogenate of autotrophically grown cells were separated in a linear sucrose gradient. As indicated by the distribution of Chl and Cyt oxidase, chloroplasts and mitochondria were clearly separated equilibrating at densities of 1.18 and 1.20 g. cm-3, respectively (Fig. la, ...
... Organelles from the -crude homogenate of autotrophically grown cells were separated in a linear sucrose gradient. As indicated by the distribution of Chl and Cyt oxidase, chloroplasts and mitochondria were clearly separated equilibrating at densities of 1.18 and 1.20 g. cm-3, respectively (Fig. la, ...
CHE 110 Dr. Nicholas Bizier Office DS 337b email
... Lysine is an amino acid which has the following elemental composition: C, H, O, N. In one experiment, 2.175 g of lysine was combusted to produce 3.94 g of CO2 and 1.89 g H2O. In a separate experiment, 1.873 g of lysine was burned to produce 0.436 g of NH2. The molar mass of lysine is 150 g/mol. Dete ...
... Lysine is an amino acid which has the following elemental composition: C, H, O, N. In one experiment, 2.175 g of lysine was combusted to produce 3.94 g of CO2 and 1.89 g H2O. In a separate experiment, 1.873 g of lysine was burned to produce 0.436 g of NH2. The molar mass of lysine is 150 g/mol. Dete ...
Evolution of b-type cytochromes in prokaryotes
... including sequences with a cytochrome-b domain which are not part of an orthology group. The tree shown is the best Bayesian topology based on 205 sequences total, including cytochrome b6 of the cytochrome b6f complex fused to subunit IV (A: K02635/7), cytochrome-b of the bc complex (B: K00410/2, C: ...
... including sequences with a cytochrome-b domain which are not part of an orthology group. The tree shown is the best Bayesian topology based on 205 sequences total, including cytochrome b6 of the cytochrome b6f complex fused to subunit IV (A: K02635/7), cytochrome-b of the bc complex (B: K00410/2, C: ...
From CO2 to cell: energetic expense of creating biomass using the
... pathways, and introduce differences in the energetic requirements for the synthesis of these molecules. For example, phosphoenolpyruvate synthesis from CO2 via the CBB consumes ATP due to the activities of two kinases unique to the CBB (phosphofructokinase and sedoheptulose-7-phosphate kinase), whil ...
... pathways, and introduce differences in the energetic requirements for the synthesis of these molecules. For example, phosphoenolpyruvate synthesis from CO2 via the CBB consumes ATP due to the activities of two kinases unique to the CBB (phosphofructokinase and sedoheptulose-7-phosphate kinase), whil ...
anabolic and catabolic reactions. Energetics of bacterial growth
... that ‘‘yield values per se are not readily interpretable in precise bioenergetic and/or physiological terms, and, unless treated with considerable circumspection, they may lead to the formation of concepts that are at best dubious.’’ Factors Affecting YATP Determinations Estimation of ATP production ...
... that ‘‘yield values per se are not readily interpretable in precise bioenergetic and/or physiological terms, and, unless treated with considerable circumspection, they may lead to the formation of concepts that are at best dubious.’’ Factors Affecting YATP Determinations Estimation of ATP production ...
Ch 4: Cellular Metabolism
... Most present-day organisms can extract considerably more energy from glucose through aerobic respiration. ...
... Most present-day organisms can extract considerably more energy from glucose through aerobic respiration. ...
4.6 Fermentation
... In the absence of oxygen, the cell will begin anaerobic respiration in order to produce chemical energy. • Recall: Glycolysis is an anaerobic process – Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose – Glycolysis produces 2 pyruvates, 2 ATP and 2 NADH ...
... In the absence of oxygen, the cell will begin anaerobic respiration in order to produce chemical energy. • Recall: Glycolysis is an anaerobic process – Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose – Glycolysis produces 2 pyruvates, 2 ATP and 2 NADH ...
Pyruvate - Moodle NTOU
... § Oxidative phosphorylation accounts for almost 100% of the ATP generated by cellular ...
... § Oxidative phosphorylation accounts for almost 100% of the ATP generated by cellular ...
FREE Sample Here
... b. Open systems can exchange matter with other open systems. c. Open systems can exchange matter with a closed system. d. The internal energy of an open system is always constant. e. A closed system can accept heat from an isolated system. ANS: B ...
... b. Open systems can exchange matter with other open systems. c. Open systems can exchange matter with a closed system. d. The internal energy of an open system is always constant. e. A closed system can accept heat from an isolated system. ANS: B ...
Chapter 9
... Oxidative phosphorylation accounts for almost 90% of the ATP generated by cellular respiration A smaller amount of ATP is formed in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle by substrate-level phosphorylation For each molecule of glucose degraded to CO2 and water by respiration, the cell makes up ...
... Oxidative phosphorylation accounts for almost 90% of the ATP generated by cellular respiration A smaller amount of ATP is formed in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle by substrate-level phosphorylation For each molecule of glucose degraded to CO2 and water by respiration, the cell makes up ...
Engineering photorespiration in chloroplasts: a novel strategy for
... chloroplasts of bundle sheath cells. The pyruvate diffuses back to chloroplasts of mesophyll cells, where it is converted into PEP by pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase to continue the CO2 fixation cycle. (b) Photosynthesis in a single-cell monocot, such as Hydrilla verticillata, that lacks Kranz anat ...
... chloroplasts of bundle sheath cells. The pyruvate diffuses back to chloroplasts of mesophyll cells, where it is converted into PEP by pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase to continue the CO2 fixation cycle. (b) Photosynthesis in a single-cell monocot, such as Hydrilla verticillata, that lacks Kranz anat ...
CHAPTER 26: Lipid Metabolism
... ppl must drink a lot of water to accommodate for the extra ketone bodies they are excreting) - Acidosis – ketone bodies are acidic, buildup of acid in blood is acidosis. Interferes with hemoglobin oxygen transport; feeling of lethargy, irritability, loss of apetite - Mammals can convert carbohydrate ...
... ppl must drink a lot of water to accommodate for the extra ketone bodies they are excreting) - Acidosis – ketone bodies are acidic, buildup of acid in blood is acidosis. Interferes with hemoglobin oxygen transport; feeling of lethargy, irritability, loss of apetite - Mammals can convert carbohydrate ...
CHAPTER 26: Lipid Metabolism - Richest energy source
... - how do you lose weight? Difficult. Eat less caloric foods, move around more. - For every 3,500 kcal in excess required for energy = 1 pound of fat, Therefore if you reduce your intake by 100 kcal / day and maintain activity level in 35 days you will lose 1 pound of fat - This assumed body just bur ...
... - how do you lose weight? Difficult. Eat less caloric foods, move around more. - For every 3,500 kcal in excess required for energy = 1 pound of fat, Therefore if you reduce your intake by 100 kcal / day and maintain activity level in 35 days you will lose 1 pound of fat - This assumed body just bur ...