THE CITRIC ACID CYCLE
... pyruvate dehydrogenase-catalysed reaction, oxidation and the citric acid cycle, to CO2. The H atom electrons are passed to, and reduce co-reactants (NAD+ and FAD). The reduced co-reactants pass the electrons to a series of redox reactions (the TRS) and they ...
... pyruvate dehydrogenase-catalysed reaction, oxidation and the citric acid cycle, to CO2. The H atom electrons are passed to, and reduce co-reactants (NAD+ and FAD). The reduced co-reactants pass the electrons to a series of redox reactions (the TRS) and they ...
Cellular Respiration 1. To perform cell work, cells require energy. a
... into several steps. b. The electron transport chain is a collection of molecules embedded in the folded inner membrane of the mitochondrion. The folding of the membrane increases its surface area, providing space for thousands of copies of the chain in each mitochondrion. c. In the electron transpor ...
... into several steps. b. The electron transport chain is a collection of molecules embedded in the folded inner membrane of the mitochondrion. The folding of the membrane increases its surface area, providing space for thousands of copies of the chain in each mitochondrion. c. In the electron transpor ...
18.3 Important Coenzymes
... • These are nucleotide molecules • accept/deliver electrons for redox reactions • accept/delivers phosphates to generate ATP ...
... • These are nucleotide molecules • accept/deliver electrons for redox reactions • accept/delivers phosphates to generate ATP ...
CH9 Sec 3: Cellular Respiration Glycolysis • Before you can use
... Cells release energy most efficiently when oxygen is present because they make most of their ATP during aerobic respiration. ...
... Cells release energy most efficiently when oxygen is present because they make most of their ATP during aerobic respiration. ...
Student Misconceptions
... Some student misunderstandings about the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration may be quite entrenched and thus difficult to correct. a. Some students hold a persistent notion of photosynthesis as a form of inverse respiration. These students think of photosynthesis primarily in term o ...
... Some student misunderstandings about the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration may be quite entrenched and thus difficult to correct. a. Some students hold a persistent notion of photosynthesis as a form of inverse respiration. These students think of photosynthesis primarily in term o ...
Mader/Biology, 11/e – Chapter Outline
... 1. Oxidation of G3P occurs by removal of electrons and hydrogen ions. 2. Two electrons and one hydrogen ion are accepted by NAD+, resulting in two NADH; later, when the NADH molecules pass two electrons to the electron transport chain, they become NAD+ again. 3. The oxidation of G3P and subsequent s ...
... 1. Oxidation of G3P occurs by removal of electrons and hydrogen ions. 2. Two electrons and one hydrogen ion are accepted by NAD+, resulting in two NADH; later, when the NADH molecules pass two electrons to the electron transport chain, they become NAD+ again. 3. The oxidation of G3P and subsequent s ...
Energy Releasing Pathways
... exercise causes muscle cells to use up all the oxygen available to them. They switch to anaerobic respiration and lactic acid builds up in the cells, changing the acidity of the cytoplasm. Increased acidity decreases the cells ability to contract causing cramps and fatigue. Eventually it diffuse ...
... exercise causes muscle cells to use up all the oxygen available to them. They switch to anaerobic respiration and lactic acid builds up in the cells, changing the acidity of the cytoplasm. Increased acidity decreases the cells ability to contract causing cramps and fatigue. Eventually it diffuse ...
Worksheet: Lewis Structure, Resonance, VSEPR, Molecular Polarity
... PROBLEMS. Show work with proper Significant Figures and Units to receive credit. 9) Draw Lewis structures for the following species: a) Br2 ; b) HBr; c) HCN; d) H2 CO; e) CO 3 2- ; f) CHBr3 ; g) ...
... PROBLEMS. Show work with proper Significant Figures and Units to receive credit. 9) Draw Lewis structures for the following species: a) Br2 ; b) HBr; c) HCN; d) H2 CO; e) CO 3 2- ; f) CHBr3 ; g) ...
Where is energy stored in biomolecules like sugars, carbs, lipids, etc.
... Photosynthesis gets electrons from— breakdown of water molecules (photolysis). Cellular respiration gets electrons from— breakdown of biomolecules in the Kreb’s cycle source of FADH2 and NADH. Final electron acceptors= NADP+ in photosynthesis Oxygen in aerobic respiration. ...
... Photosynthesis gets electrons from— breakdown of water molecules (photolysis). Cellular respiration gets electrons from— breakdown of biomolecules in the Kreb’s cycle source of FADH2 and NADH. Final electron acceptors= NADP+ in photosynthesis Oxygen in aerobic respiration. ...
2. NH3 - Huffman Chemistry Website!
... a. What does the number 235 tell you about uranium? _______________________________ b. Write the symbol for this atom using subscripts to show the mass number and atomic number. ...
... a. What does the number 235 tell you about uranium? _______________________________ b. Write the symbol for this atom using subscripts to show the mass number and atomic number. ...
Semester Review Practice Exam
... e. P700 is a carotenoid pigment. 33. When deciduous trees drop their leaves in the fall, the leaves turn to various shades of red, orange, and yellow. The source of these colors is a. Chlorophyll b. Carotenoids c. ATP d. Fungal growth e. Natural decay of cell walls 34. A product of noncyclic photoph ...
... e. P700 is a carotenoid pigment. 33. When deciduous trees drop their leaves in the fall, the leaves turn to various shades of red, orange, and yellow. The source of these colors is a. Chlorophyll b. Carotenoids c. ATP d. Fungal growth e. Natural decay of cell walls 34. A product of noncyclic photoph ...
1. Which of the following molecules orient themselves into
... following activities EXCEPT: a. Assembling amino acids to make proteins b. Manufacturing lipids c. Manufacturing hormones d. Breaking down toxins e. Breaking down toxic cellular by-products 28. All of the following are known to be components of cell walls EXCEPT: a. Actin b. Chitin c. Polysaccharide ...
... following activities EXCEPT: a. Assembling amino acids to make proteins b. Manufacturing lipids c. Manufacturing hormones d. Breaking down toxins e. Breaking down toxic cellular by-products 28. All of the following are known to be components of cell walls EXCEPT: a. Actin b. Chitin c. Polysaccharide ...
Lecture 3 - MIT OpenCourseWare
... one of the most powerful oxidants known – oxygen. The biosphere on the contemporary Earth runs largely on the carbon produced by CO2 fixation by oxygenic photosynthesis, and on the free energy difference between O2 and organic carbon, which heterotrophs use to fuel their metabolism. The autotrophs s ...
... one of the most powerful oxidants known – oxygen. The biosphere on the contemporary Earth runs largely on the carbon produced by CO2 fixation by oxygenic photosynthesis, and on the free energy difference between O2 and organic carbon, which heterotrophs use to fuel their metabolism. The autotrophs s ...
Learning Guide: Origins of Life
... 2. In the absence of oxygen, fermentation occurs. Explain the primary purpose of this process. 3. Identify the source of the electrons that travel down the electron transport chain. Explain why oxygen is the final electron acceptor in aerobic cellular respiration. 4. Create a graphic organizer that ...
... 2. In the absence of oxygen, fermentation occurs. Explain the primary purpose of this process. 3. Identify the source of the electrons that travel down the electron transport chain. Explain why oxygen is the final electron acceptor in aerobic cellular respiration. 4. Create a graphic organizer that ...
Lecture 11: Take your Vitamins! Enzyme Cofactors Reference
... Reference: Lieberman and Marks Chapter 8 and lecture notes NOTE: This lecture contains a lot of organic chemistry and reaction mechanisms. It is not necessary to know this detail. The goal of the lecture is to introduce cofactors and their role in enzymology. 1. Define the term “cofactor” and explai ...
... Reference: Lieberman and Marks Chapter 8 and lecture notes NOTE: This lecture contains a lot of organic chemistry and reaction mechanisms. It is not necessary to know this detail. The goal of the lecture is to introduce cofactors and their role in enzymology. 1. Define the term “cofactor” and explai ...
Cell Energy (Photosynthesis and Respiration) Notes
... •Uses E from Light Dep. Reactions and CO2 to make glucose ...
... •Uses E from Light Dep. Reactions and CO2 to make glucose ...
Overview of Cellular Respiration
... high-energy electrons on the electron carrier NADH. Note that no O2 is needed for this set of reactions, which means that glycolysis can proceed in the absence of oxygen. The second stage is a short series of reactions called the oxidation of pyruvate during which pyruvate (3 carbon atoms) is conver ...
... high-energy electrons on the electron carrier NADH. Note that no O2 is needed for this set of reactions, which means that glycolysis can proceed in the absence of oxygen. The second stage is a short series of reactions called the oxidation of pyruvate during which pyruvate (3 carbon atoms) is conver ...
BIO 101
... d. In animals, explain what happens to pyruvate if oxygen is present. Be specific and thorough. e. In animals, explain what happens to pyruvate if oxygen is not present. Be specific and thorough. 21. Explain the importance of the reaction converting pyruvate to lactate. ...
... d. In animals, explain what happens to pyruvate if oxygen is present. Be specific and thorough. e. In animals, explain what happens to pyruvate if oxygen is not present. Be specific and thorough. 21. Explain the importance of the reaction converting pyruvate to lactate. ...
SBI-4U1 Exam Review
... At low light intensities, light intensity limits the photosynthetic rate. The amount of NADPH and ATP produced depends on availability of light. As light intensity increases, the light-saturation point is reached: this is the point where light is no longer the limiting factor – it will be either CO2 ...
... At low light intensities, light intensity limits the photosynthetic rate. The amount of NADPH and ATP produced depends on availability of light. As light intensity increases, the light-saturation point is reached: this is the point where light is no longer the limiting factor – it will be either CO2 ...
Worksheet 4 - Periodic Trends A number of physical and chemical
... shielding inner electrons. So, the ionization energies decrease. Going across a period the ionization energies generally increase. Electrons in the same set of orbitals do not shield each other very well but the nuclear charge increases, making the electrons more difficult to remove. ...
... shielding inner electrons. So, the ionization energies decrease. Going across a period the ionization energies generally increase. Electrons in the same set of orbitals do not shield each other very well but the nuclear charge increases, making the electrons more difficult to remove. ...
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
... potential energy of the electron has to go back to the ground state. B. Each pigment molecule has to be able to act independently to excite electrons. C. The action spectrum of that molecule is such that it is different from other molecules of chlorophyll. D. The molecular environment lets it boost ...
... potential energy of the electron has to go back to the ground state. B. Each pigment molecule has to be able to act independently to excite electrons. C. The action spectrum of that molecule is such that it is different from other molecules of chlorophyll. D. The molecular environment lets it boost ...
8.3 Cellular Respiration
... • Electrons move down the electron transport chain • pulled down the chain by oxygen • Hydrogen ions diffuse from an area of high concentration (outside the membrane) to an area of low concentration (inner-membrane space) through ATP synthase. • ATP synthase is like an energy turbine, producing lots ...
... • Electrons move down the electron transport chain • pulled down the chain by oxygen • Hydrogen ions diffuse from an area of high concentration (outside the membrane) to an area of low concentration (inner-membrane space) through ATP synthase. • ATP synthase is like an energy turbine, producing lots ...
Cellular Respiration www.AssignmentPoint.com Cellular respiration
... The potential of NADH and FADH2 is converted to more ATP through an electron transport chain with oxygen as the "terminal electron acceptor". Most of the ATP produced by aerobic cellular respiration is made by oxidative phosphorylation. This works by the energy released in the consumption of pyruvat ...
... The potential of NADH and FADH2 is converted to more ATP through an electron transport chain with oxygen as the "terminal electron acceptor". Most of the ATP produced by aerobic cellular respiration is made by oxidative phosphorylation. This works by the energy released in the consumption of pyruvat ...
3.2
... The longer the wavelength, the lower the energy. The shorter the wavelength, the higher its energy. Visible light is between 380 nm (violet) and 750nm (red). ...
... The longer the wavelength, the lower the energy. The shorter the wavelength, the higher its energy. Visible light is between 380 nm (violet) and 750nm (red). ...