Download Semester Review Practice Exam

Semester Review Practice Exam
1.
Which of the following molecules orient themselves
into sandwichlike membranes because of hydrophobic
components within the molecule.
a. Amylose
b. Glycogen
c. Cellulose
d. Phospholipids
e. Protein
2.
In the series of metabolic reactions shown above, C’
catalyzes the conversion of C to D, and C2’ catalyzes
the conversion of C to J. Assume product E is an
allosteric effector the inhibits enzyme D’. Normally,
products E and L are consumed by other reactions.
Which of the following would likely happen if product
E were not consumed by other reactions?
a. The net rate of production of product B would
decrease.
b. The net rate of production of product C would
decrease.
c. The net rate of production of product D would
decrease.
d. The net rate of production of product J would
decrease.
e. The net rate of production of product K would
decrease.
5.
3.
4.
In the series of metabolic reactions shown above, C’
catalyzes the splitting of C and D and J. Assume that
product E is an allosteric effector that inhibits enzyme
C’. If product E were not consumed in a subsequent
reaction, which of the following would likely happen?
a. The rate of production of product D would
increase.
b. The rate of production of product E would
increase.
c. The rate of production of product J would
increase.
d. The rate of production of product L would
increase.
e. The rate of production of all products D, E. J,
K, and L would decrease.
Each of the following molecules is a polymer
EXCEPT:
a. Protein
b. Glucose
c. Cellulose
d. Starch
e. Glycogen
For the graph given above, the two curves describe the
potential energy of substances during the progress of a
chemical reaction. All of the following items could
apply to this graph EXCEPT:
a. Curve B could be showing the influence of an
enzyme.
b. The sum of energy in the products of the
reaction is less than the sum of the energy in
the reactants.
c. The activation energy of this reaction could be
given by X + Y + Z.
d. This reaction graph could describe the
reaction ATP  ADP = Pi.
e. This is an exergonic reaction.
Questions 6 – 10 refer to the molecules below.
6.
A monosaccharide A
7.
A polysaccharide C
8.
A polypeptide E
9.
An amino acid B
10. A major component of cell membranes D
11. Hydrophilic properties are characteristic of all of the
following EXCEPT:
a. Polar molecules
b. Molecules soluble in water
c. Molecules that readily ionize in water
d. The long hydrocarbon chain components of
some molecules
e. The hydroxyl group
12. All of the following are carbohydrates EXCEPT:
a. Polypeptide
b. Glycogen
c. Amylose
d. Glucose
e. Polysaccharide
13. The cellular structure that is involved in producing
ATP during aerobic respiration is the
a. Nucleus
b. Nucleolus
c. Chloroplast
d. Mitochondrion
e. Endoplasmic reticulum
14. Which of the following cellular structures are common
to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
a. Ribosomes
b. Nucleoli
c. Chloroplasts
d. Mitochondria
e. Golgi bodies
15. The plasma membrane consists principally of
a. Proteins embedded in a carbohydrate bilayer
b. Phospholipids embedded in a protein bilayer
c. Proteins embedded in a phospholipids bilayer
d. Proteins embedded in a nucleic acid bilayer
e. Proteins embedded in a polymer of glucose
molecules
16. When the concentration of solutes differs on the two
sides of a membrane permeable only to water,
a. Water will move across the membrane by
osmosis
b. Water will move across the membrane by
active transport
c. Water will move across the membrane by
plasmolysis
d. Water will move across the membrane by
facilitated diffusion
e. Solutes will move across the membrane from
the region of higher concentration to the
region of lower concentration
17. All of the following characterize microtubules
EXCEPT:
a. They are made of the protein tubulin.
b. They are involved in providing motility.
c. They are organized by basal bodies or
centrioles.
d. They develop from the plasma membrane.
e. They make up the spindle apparatus observed
during cell division.
18. Lysosomes are
a. Involved in the production of fats
b. Involved in the production of proteins
c. Involved in the production of polysaccharides
d. Often found near areas requiring a great deal
of energy (ATP)
e. Involved in the degradation of cellular
substances
19. Mitochondria
a. Are found only in animal cells
b. Produce energy (ATP) with the aid of sunlight
c. Are often more numerous near areas of major
cellular activity
d. Originate from centrioles
e. Are microtubule organizing centers
Use the following key for questions 20 - 24. Each answer in the
key may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Active transport
Bulk flow
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Plasmolysis
20. Movement of solutes across the membrane from a
region of higher solute concentration to a region of
lower solute concentration with the aid of proteins. D
21. Movement of water across a membrane from a region
of higher concentration of water to a region of lower
concentration of water. C
22. Movement of water out of a cell resulting in the
collapse of the plasma membrane. E
23. Movement of urine through the urinary tract. B
24. Movement of solutes across a plasma membrane
requiring the addition of energy. A
25. The movement of molecules during diffusion can be
described by all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Molecular movements are random.
b. Net movement of solute molecules is from a
region of higher concentration to a region of
lower concentration.
c. Each molecule moves independently of other
molecules.
d. Solute molecules always move down the
concentration gradient.
e. Net movement of gas molecules is from a
region of higher concentration to a region of
lower concentration.
26. Plant and animal cells differ mostly in that
a. Only animal cells have mitochondria.
b. Only animal cells have flagella and cilia with
a “9 + 2” microtubule arrangement.
c. Only plant cells have plasma membranes with
cholesterol.
d. Only plant cells have cell walls.
e. Only plant cells have ribosomes attached to
the endoplasmic reticulum.
27. A smooth endoplasmic reticulum exhibits all of the
following activities EXCEPT:
a. Assembling amino acids to make proteins
b. Manufacturing lipids
c. Manufacturing hormones
d. Breaking down toxins
e. Breaking down toxic cellular by-products
28. All of the following are known to be components of
cell walls EXCEPT:
a. Actin
b. Chitin
c. Polysaccharides
d. Cellulose
e. Peptidoglycans
29. A saturated suspension of starch is enclosed in a bag
formed from dialysis tubing, a material through which
water can pass, but starch cannot. The bag with the
starch is placed into a beaker of distilled water. All of
the following are expected to occur EXCEPT:
a. There will be a net movement of water from a
hypotonic region to a hypertonic region.
b. There will be a net movement of solute from a
hypertonic region to a hypotonic region.
c. There will be a net movement of water from a
region of higher concentration of water to a
region of lower concentration of water.
d. The dialysis bag with its contents will gain
weight.
e. No starch will be detected outside the dialysis
bag.
30. As shown above, a tube covered on one end by a
membrane impermeable to sucrose is inverted and half
filled with distilled water. It is then placed into a
beaker of 10% sucrose to a depth equal to the midpoint
of the tube. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The water level in the tube will rise to a level
above the water in the beaker.
b. The water level in the tube will drop to a level
below the water in the beaker.
c. There will be no change in the water level of
the tube, and the water in the tube will remain
pure.
d. There will be no change in the water level of
the tube, but sucrose will enter and mix with
the water in the tube.
e. The concentration of the sucrose solution will
increase.
31. Which of the following is the original source of all
energy used by nearly all organisms on earth?
a. ATP
b. Plants
c. Heat
d. The sun
e. Water
32. Which of the following statements about
photosynthetic pigments is true?
a. There is only one kind of chlorophyll.
b. Chlorophyll absorbs mostly green light.
c. Chlorophyll is required in the Calvin-Benson
cycle.
d. Chlorophyll is found in the membranes of
thylakoids.
e. P700 is a carotenoid pigment.
33. When deciduous trees drop their leaves in the fall, the
leaves turn to various shades of red, orange, and
yellow. The source of these colors is
a. Chlorophyll
b. Carotenoids
c. ATP
d. Fungal growth
e. Natural decay of cell walls
34. A product of noncyclic photophosphorylation is
a. NADPH
b. H2O
c. CO2
d. ADP
e. AMP
35. Which of the following molecules contains the most
stored energy?
a. ADP
b. ATP
c. NADPH
d. Glucose
e. Starch
36. All of the following occur in cyclic
photophosphorylation EXCEPT:
a. Electrons move along an electron transport
chain.
b. Electrons in chlorophyll become excited.
c. ATP is produced.
d. Light energy is absorbed.
e. NADPH is produced.
Questions 7 – 11 refer to the lettered answer choices below.
Each answer may be used one, more than once, or not at all.
A. Cyclic photophosphorylation
B. Noncyclic photophosphorylation
C. Photolysis
D. Calvin-Benson cycle
E. C4 photosynthesis
37. Releases oxygen C
38. Stores energy obtained from light into NADPH B
39. A metabolic pathway that involves movement of
substances between two kinds of cells E
40. Occurs in the stroma of a chloroplast D
41. The ultimate source of electrons used in making a
molecule of glucose. C
Questions 42-45 refer to the diagram below. The two boxed
represent the two major biosynthetic pathways in C 3
photosynthesis. Arrows represent reactants or products.
42. Arrow 1 could represent
a. ATP
b. H2O
c. NADPH
d. O2
e. CO2
43. Arrow 3 would represent
a. NADPH
b. ADP
c. Glucose
d. O2
e. Electrons
44. Arrow 4 could represent
a. NADPH
b. ADP
c. Glucose
d. O2
e. Electrons
45. Arrow 7 represents
a. ATP
b. Glucose
c. NADPH
d. Light
e. CO2
46. All of the following are true about photosynthesis
EXCEPT:
a. The Calvin-Benson cycle usually occurs in the
dark.
b. The majority of the light reactions occur on
the stroma membranes in the chloroplast.
c. Light energy is stored in ATP.
d. A proton gradient drives the formation of ATP
from ADP + Pi.
e. Glucose (or another 6-carbon sugar) is made
during the photosynthetic process.
47. How is C4 photosynthesis different from C3
photosynthesis?
a. C4 plants require less water for photosynthesis
than do C3.
b. C4 plants can photosynthesize better in lower
levels of light than can C3 plants.
c. C4 plants are more efficient CO2 fixers than
are C3 plants.
d. In C4 plants, chlorophyll P680 is more efficient
than it is in C3 plants.
e. Because C4 plants have special alkaloids
(toxic substances), C4 plants are able to resist
pests better than are C3 plants.
Questions 48 – 49 refer to the graph below that reports
measurements of pH in plant leaves during a 36-hour period.
48. The changes in pH over the 36-hour period could
indicate that acid products were being
a. Produced at night
b. Produced during the day
c. Produced at night and degraded during the day
d. Produced during the day and degraded at night
e. Produced during the night and day but
degraded only at night
49. The graph could be illustrating which of the following
processes?
a. CAM
b. Calvin-Benson cycle
c. C4 photosynthesis
d. Noncyclic photophosphorylation
e. Photolysis
50. What is the value of the alcoholic fermentation
pathway?
a. It produces ATP.
b. It produces lactate (or lactic acid).
c. It produces ADP for the electron transport
chain.
d. It replenishes CO2 for the dark reaction.
e. It replenishes NAD+ so that glycolysis can
produce ATP.