Ultrasonic NDT based on Lamb waves
... Lamb waves have been applied to several Non Destructive Testing (NDT) cases in health monitoring. In the aeronautic field, there is a need for more inspection. It would be particularly beneficial if the NDT system could be embedded in the aircraft part to be monitored. In that case, the monitoring s ...
... Lamb waves have been applied to several Non Destructive Testing (NDT) cases in health monitoring. In the aeronautic field, there is a need for more inspection. It would be particularly beneficial if the NDT system could be embedded in the aircraft part to be monitored. In that case, the monitoring s ...
Lab 1
... Nevertheless, in any real passive component always present some physical factors (i.e. inputoutput contacts, interface contacts of different chemical materials inside the component etc), preventing it from functioning as an ideal one. In order to account for these factors and accurately predict the ...
... Nevertheless, in any real passive component always present some physical factors (i.e. inputoutput contacts, interface contacts of different chemical materials inside the component etc), preventing it from functioning as an ideal one. In order to account for these factors and accurately predict the ...
Source Resistance Induced Distortion in Op Amps
... Unfortunately the input bias current cancellation circuit works well only at very low frequencies; at 1kHz the input resistance is very nonlinear. The distortion from the OP27 is 50 times worse with a 10k source than with a 100Ω source. The LT1124 is a dual low noise precision op amp that uses a dif ...
... Unfortunately the input bias current cancellation circuit works well only at very low frequencies; at 1kHz the input resistance is very nonlinear. The distortion from the OP27 is 50 times worse with a 10k source than with a 100Ω source. The LT1124 is a dual low noise precision op amp that uses a dif ...
LM565/LM565C Phase Locked Loop
... a slowly varying carrier, a lead lag filter should be used. In general, if 1/R1C1 < Ko KD, the damping factor for the loop becomes quite small resulting in large overshoot and possible instability in the transient response of the loop. In this case, the natural frequency of the loop may be found fro ...
... a slowly varying carrier, a lead lag filter should be used. In general, if 1/R1C1 < Ko KD, the damping factor for the loop becomes quite small resulting in large overshoot and possible instability in the transient response of the loop. In this case, the natural frequency of the loop may be found fro ...
loudspeaker impedance with sia smaartlive
... (see Figure 3). This is the method employed by most digital multimeters on the market to measure current. There are other methods of deriving the current signal, including the use of inductive current probes, etc., however, the shunt resistance method is the most Z V practical technique for measurin ...
... (see Figure 3). This is the method employed by most digital multimeters on the market to measure current. There are other methods of deriving the current signal, including the use of inductive current probes, etc., however, the shunt resistance method is the most Z V practical technique for measurin ...
PDF
... current harmonics that cause considerable drawbacks such as low power factor, low efficiency, and electromagnetic interference. Passive filters have been conventionally used to eliminate specific harmonics and improve the power factor, but their bulky size, limited compensation ability and resonance ...
... current harmonics that cause considerable drawbacks such as low power factor, low efficiency, and electromagnetic interference. Passive filters have been conventionally used to eliminate specific harmonics and improve the power factor, but their bulky size, limited compensation ability and resonance ...
Topic Constructing response curves: Introduction to the
... from mechanical receiver to the final filter stage; and adding the recorder response. The first result, the electrical output, is useful for fitting the signal to the recorder input. It has to be fixed, meaning that changes in magnification (or signal resolution) should be done by setting up the ...
... from mechanical receiver to the final filter stage; and adding the recorder response. The first result, the electrical output, is useful for fitting the signal to the recorder input. It has to be fixed, meaning that changes in magnification (or signal resolution) should be done by setting up the ...
FMS6346E Six-Channel, Selectable SD / HD Video Filter Driver with Disable
... FMS6346E VoltagePlus™ video filter is intended to replace passive LC filters and drivers with a costeffective integrated device. Six Butterworth filters improve image quality compared to typical passive solutions. The combination of low-power StandardDefinition (SD) and High-Definition (HD) filters ...
... FMS6346E VoltagePlus™ video filter is intended to replace passive LC filters and drivers with a costeffective integrated device. Six Butterworth filters improve image quality compared to typical passive solutions. The combination of low-power StandardDefinition (SD) and High-Definition (HD) filters ...
CIRCUITS LABORATORY EXPERIMENT 3 AC Circuit Analysis
... At the end of this experiment, the student will be able to: (1) Determine the steady-state behavior of linear circuits driven by sinusoidal ...
... At the end of this experiment, the student will be able to: (1) Determine the steady-state behavior of linear circuits driven by sinusoidal ...
Measurement of the Advanced Loudspeaker Parameters using
... Loudspeakers in practice are generally driven from a low impedance source (amplifiers with negative feedback), but loudspeaker measurements are often executed using a constant current source, and this is not the most appropriate. The magnetic damping, which at least for small signals is very linear, ...
... Loudspeakers in practice are generally driven from a low impedance source (amplifiers with negative feedback), but loudspeaker measurements are often executed using a constant current source, and this is not the most appropriate. The magnetic damping, which at least for small signals is very linear, ...
11. High-Speed Board Layout Guidelines Introduction
... ground plane as possible. This technique will couple the transmission line tightly to the ground plane and help decouple it from adjacent signals. Use differential routing techniques where possible, especially for critical nets (i.e., match the lengths as well as the turns that each trace goes throu ...
... ground plane as possible. This technique will couple the transmission line tightly to the ground plane and help decouple it from adjacent signals. Use differential routing techniques where possible, especially for critical nets (i.e., match the lengths as well as the turns that each trace goes throu ...
safety and measurements in practice
... The evaluation of the results of the Line and Loop impedance and its comparision is very important to evaluate the way of troubleshooting: comparing the result of Line impedance and Loop impedance with other circuit’s results can tell us the possible type of the installation - if the Line impedance ...
... The evaluation of the results of the Line and Loop impedance and its comparision is very important to evaluate the way of troubleshooting: comparing the result of Line impedance and Loop impedance with other circuit’s results can tell us the possible type of the installation - if the Line impedance ...
ST7540 FSK powerline transceiver design guide for AMR
... AN2451 Application note ST7540 FSK powerline transceiver design guide for AMR Introduction The ST7540 reference design has been developed as a useful tool to demonstrate how a small, high-performance powerline node can be built using the ST7540 FSK transceiver. With this reference design, it is poss ...
... AN2451 Application note ST7540 FSK powerline transceiver design guide for AMR Introduction The ST7540 reference design has been developed as a useful tool to demonstrate how a small, high-performance powerline node can be built using the ST7540 FSK transceiver. With this reference design, it is poss ...
A low-power magnitude detector for analysis of transient
... of the step size. Unfortunately, this circuit cannot be biased for both good dynamic range and good temporal performance. For example, a very slow decay rate must be used in order to detect small signals and provide some amount of “holding” instead of simply following the small downward steps [see t ...
... of the step size. Unfortunately, this circuit cannot be biased for both good dynamic range and good temporal performance. For example, a very slow decay rate must be used in order to detect small signals and provide some amount of “holding” instead of simply following the small downward steps [see t ...
Electrical impedance
... circuit is driven with direct current (DC) there is no distinction between impedance and resistance; the latter can be thought of as impedance with zero phase angle. The symbol for impedance is usually and it may be represented by writing its magnitude and phase in the form . However, complex number ...
... circuit is driven with direct current (DC) there is no distinction between impedance and resistance; the latter can be thought of as impedance with zero phase angle. The symbol for impedance is usually and it may be represented by writing its magnitude and phase in the form . However, complex number ...
Capacitors
... circuits to select information in particular frequency bands. For example, radio receivers rely on variable capacitors to tune the station frequency. ...
... circuits to select information in particular frequency bands. For example, radio receivers rely on variable capacitors to tune the station frequency. ...
Feb 2000 Tiny SOT-23 Step-Down Regulator Switches at 1MHz for
... tive to beyond 300kHz and usually resonate with their ESL before ESR damping becomes effective. Also, ceramic caps are prone to temperature effects, which require the designer to check loop stability over the full operating temperature range. For these reasons, great care must be taken when using on ...
... tive to beyond 300kHz and usually resonate with their ESL before ESR damping becomes effective. Also, ceramic caps are prone to temperature effects, which require the designer to check loop stability over the full operating temperature range. For these reasons, great care must be taken when using on ...
Reduction of Harmonics Contained in the Input Power Supply
... B. Voltage source and current source inverters In accordance with the circuit electromagnetic processes, voltage source inverters (VSI) and current source inverters (CSI) are distinguished. A VSI is the most commonly used for high frequency induction heating system. The output signal of such inverte ...
... B. Voltage source and current source inverters In accordance with the circuit electromagnetic processes, voltage source inverters (VSI) and current source inverters (CSI) are distinguished. A VSI is the most commonly used for high frequency induction heating system. The output signal of such inverte ...
l-17 nkd et ee nptel
... B = 0 , as the susceptance (inductive) BL = (1 / ω L) is equal to the susceptance (capacitive) BC = ω C . The phase angle is φ = 0° , and the power factor is unity ( cos φ = 1 ). The total (supply) current is phase with the input voltage. So, the magnitude of the total current ( (V / R) ) in the ci ...
... B = 0 , as the susceptance (inductive) BL = (1 / ω L) is equal to the susceptance (capacitive) BC = ω C . The phase angle is φ = 0° , and the power factor is unity ( cos φ = 1 ). The total (supply) current is phase with the input voltage. So, the magnitude of the total current ( (V / R) ) in the ci ...
Non-invasive Bio-impedance Measurement Using Voltage
... significantly lower than normal tissues [9]. Similar results also found by other investigations based on microwave bio-sensing. Again, impedance measurement of bodily fluid such as saliva and blood provides much fundamental information on physiological state like glucose level and electrolyte concen ...
... significantly lower than normal tissues [9]. Similar results also found by other investigations based on microwave bio-sensing. Again, impedance measurement of bodily fluid such as saliva and blood provides much fundamental information on physiological state like glucose level and electrolyte concen ...
Resonance measurement of periodically driven contact potential
... has to be placed in a single small metal box. That is why the total noise is amplified to 250 µV. Next modules amplifies the signal and do some additional filtering by narrowing the band pass around the frequency of the measured signal. The second module is a narrow band filter with Gain 20 at the c ...
... has to be placed in a single small metal box. That is why the total noise is amplified to 250 µV. Next modules amplifies the signal and do some additional filtering by narrowing the band pass around the frequency of the measured signal. The second module is a narrow band filter with Gain 20 at the c ...
Chapter 10: Passive Components
... should be considered. Some manufacturers are also supplying film types in leadless surface-mount packages, which eliminates the lead length inductance. Ceramic is often the capacitor material of choice above a few MHz, due to its compact size and low loss. But the characteristics of ceramic dielectr ...
... should be considered. Some manufacturers are also supplying film types in leadless surface-mount packages, which eliminates the lead length inductance. Ceramic is often the capacitor material of choice above a few MHz, due to its compact size and low loss. But the characteristics of ceramic dielectr ...
Comparative Evaluation of VSI and CSI based Unified Power Quality
... use with industry, commercial and domestic sectors extensively. The quality of power is being deteriorated due to use of these electronic controllers, which in turn demands quality power from source [1]. Varieties of power conditioning techniques are in use starting from passive filtering to active ...
... use with industry, commercial and domestic sectors extensively. The quality of power is being deteriorated due to use of these electronic controllers, which in turn demands quality power from source [1]. Varieties of power conditioning techniques are in use starting from passive filtering to active ...
Distributed element filter
A distributed element filter is an electronic filter in which capacitance, inductance and resistance (the elements of the circuit) are not localised in discrete capacitors, inductors and resistors as they are in conventional filters. Its purpose is to allow a range of signal frequencies to pass, but to block others. Conventional filters are constructed from inductors and capacitors, and the circuits so built are described by the lumped element model, which considers each element to be ""lumped together"" at one place. That model is conceptually simple, but it becomes increasingly unreliable as the frequency of the signal increases, or equivalently as the wavelength decreases. The distributed element model applies at all frequencies, and is used in transmission line theory; many distributed element components are made of short lengths of transmission line. In the distributed view of circuits, the elements are distributed along the length of conductors and are inextricably mixed together. The filter design is usually concerned only with inductance and capacitance, but because of this mixing of elements they cannot be treated as separate ""lumped"" capacitors and inductors. There is no precise frequency above which distributed element filters must be used but they are especially associated with the microwave band (wavelength less than one metre).Distributed element filters are used in many of the same applications as lumped element filters, such as selectivity of radio channel, bandlimiting of noise and multiplexing of many signals into one channel. Distributed element filters may be constructed to have any of the bandforms possible with lumped elements (low-pass, band-pass, etc.) with the exception of high-pass, which is usually only approximated. All filter classes used in lumped element designs (Butterworth, Chebyshev, etc.) can be implemented using a distributed element approach.There are many component forms used to construct distributed element filters, but all have the common property of causing a discontinuity on the transmission line. These discontinuities present a reactive impedance to a wavefront travelling down the line, and these reactances can be chosen by design to serve as approximations for lumped inductors, capacitors or resonators, as required by the filter.The development of distributed element filters was spurred on by the military need for radar and electronic counter measures during World War II. Lumped element analogue filters had long before been developed but these new military systems operated at microwave frequencies and new filter designs were required. When the war ended, the technology found applications in the microwave links used by telephone companies and other organisations with large fixed-communication networks, such as television broadcasters. Nowadays the technology can be found in several mass-produced consumer items, such as the converters (figure 1 shows an example) used with satellite television dishes.