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Quick Links - TOP Recommended Websites
Quick Links - TOP Recommended Websites

... Local anaesthetic pKa - pH factors and tissue pH factors When a local anaesthetic is injected into tissue, two particles are in equilibrium: a lipophilic (lipid-soluble) neutral particle and a positively charged hydrophilic (water-soluble) particle. Initially, it is advantageous to have the greatest ...
Anatomy Review - Interactive Physiology
Anatomy Review - Interactive Physiology

... • The dendrites and cell body provide a large surface area for communication with other neurons. • Signals from other neurons are received at synapses, the junctions between neurons. • Label the synapse in this diagram: ...
Bidirectional propagation of Action potentials
Bidirectional propagation of Action potentials

... Signal propagation can be described uniform for neurons, regardsless of different neuron shapes and functions, in a model neuron. A signal travelling through the neuron can be seen as a linkage between four components. A input component, a trigger component, a long-distance component and a secretory ...
Протокол
Протокол

... producing salivation, secretion of digestive enzymes, or vomiting. Clinical Aspects The olfactory nerve is tested clinically by unilateral presentation of an olfactory stimulus (odorant) to test for perception. Lesions, should they occur, are on the side of deficit. The olfactory system is of limite ...
Development of the CNS - Yeasting
Development of the CNS - Yeasting

...  Regular ectoderm is brought closer together  Neural groove ultimately closes on its dorsal aspect and gives rise to neural tube  As this closure occurs, neural crest cells migrate downward and ultimately lie lateral to neural tube  Now, neuroepithelium comprises the neural tube  Fusion of the ...
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Name

... b. The potassium channels open c. The sodium channels are inactivated d. Some of the sodium channels at the point of stimulation open Severe depression can be caused by a deficit in which of the following neurotransmitters? a. Acetylcholine b. Amino acids c. Amines d. Neuropeptides Which of the foll ...
Conversations in Glaucoma - Pennsylvania Optometric Association
Conversations in Glaucoma - Pennsylvania Optometric Association

... Debate Disc cupping and nerve fiber layer losses of up to 40% have been shown to occur prior to actual visual field deficits. In OHTS, conversion to GLC was first manifested by neuroretinal rim changes. ...
spinal cord
spinal cord

... Dorsal column consists of large myelinated axons that carry fine touch information. They cross over at the medulla. Spinothalamic tracts consist of small unmyelinated axons that carry pain, temperature, and coarse touch. They cross over at the level of the spine. ...
The Central Nervous System
The Central Nervous System

... that share origins, destinations, and functions ...
Abstract Browser  - The Journal of Neuroscience
Abstract Browser - The Journal of Neuroscience

... Social norms and their enforcement are fundamental to human societies. The ability to detect deviations from norms and to adapt to norms in a changing environment is therefore important to individuals’ normal social functioning. Previous neuroimaging studies have highlighted the involvement of the i ...
Classic Vs. Functional Movement Approach In Physical Therapy
Classic Vs. Functional Movement Approach In Physical Therapy

... the rim of the greater sciatic foramen and by SI joint dysfunction Symptoms- patient can’t sit still, worse with sitting, flexion abduction and MR or activity, sexual dysfunction Pain: lower back, groin, perineum, buttock, hip, posterior thigh, leg, foot and rectum during defecation. ...
Slide 1 - Elsevier Store
Slide 1 - Elsevier Store

... FIGURE 20.4 Upper Panel: Development of the dendritic morphology of cortical pyramidal neurons. Pyramidal neurons are generated from radial glial precursors in the dorsal telencephalon during embryonic development. Upon cell cycle exit from the ventricular zone (VZ), young post-mitotic neurons migr ...
neural and chemical regulation of respiration
neural and chemical regulation of respiration

... They respond when PO2 decreases to less than 60mmHg DECREASE IN ARTERIAL PO2 If arterial PO2 is b/w 100 and 60mmhg, the breathing rate is relatively constant. However, if arterial po2 is less than 60mmhg, the breathing rate increases in a very steep and linear fashion. In this range of po2 pc are ve ...
Chapter 12: Nervous System
Chapter 12: Nervous System

... Function. Neurosurgeon Dr. Robert Cantu has studied the brains of many deceased athletes, including hockey and football players. He has found that these players often suffered from chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a degenerative brain disease caused by repeated blunt impact to the head. ...
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... Function. Neurosurgeon Dr. Robert Cantu has studied the brains of many deceased athletes, including hockey and football players. He has found that these players often suffered from chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a degenerative brain disease caused by repeated blunt impact to the head. ...
HA5_MM_ch12_3 - El Camino College
HA5_MM_ch12_3 - El Camino College

...  Consists of axons passing between specific regions of the CNS  Tracts are bundles of axons traveling to similar ...
the neural impulse
the neural impulse

... organelles which are necessary for the neuron’s survival. Dendrites are branched structures specialized to receive information from other neurons or cells. Therefore, the dendrites are the neuron's information receivers. Axons are long, tail-like fibers that extend from the soma. Their function is t ...
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... Posterior projections are the posterior or dorsal horns. Anterior projections are the anterior or ventral horns. In the thoracic and lumbar cord, there also exist lateral horns. ...
Ciccarelli SG Chapter 2
Ciccarelli SG Chapter 2

... dopamine have been found to cause Parkinson’s disease and increased levels of dopamine have been linked to the psychological disorder known as schizophrenia. Endorphin is a special neurotransmitter The Biological Perspective ...
Introduction_to_the_Nervous_System1
Introduction_to_the_Nervous_System1

... our receptors. For example, we are not aware of the O2 tension of our blood; but receptors convey this information to the brain 24 hours a day.) We recognize that we can think; we recognize that there can be a state of dreaming, that there are mechanisms of attention in which awareness of certain st ...
Nervous_system_Tissue_Overview0
Nervous_system_Tissue_Overview0

...  The greater the distance between severed nerve endings, the less chance of recovery. Axonal sprouts may grow into surrounding areas and form a mass called a neuroma.  Surgical realignment can help. Retraining may be necessary once the connection is completed Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, In ...
Saladin 5e Extended Outline
Saladin 5e Extended Outline

... 4. Pain from the skin, muscles, and joints is called somatic pain; pain from the viscera is called visceral pain. 5. Injured tissues release several chemicals that stimulate the nociceptors. a. Bradykinin is the most potent pain stimulus known. b. Serotonin, prostaglandins, and histamine also stimul ...
Degeneration and Regeneration in Crustacean
Degeneration and Regeneration in Crustacean

... SYNOPSIS. Crayfish motor neurons seem to repair damage to peripheral axons by selective fusion of outgrowing proximal slumps with severed distal processes that can survive morphologically and physiologically intact for over 200 days. Survival of isolated motor and CNS giant axons is associated with ...
complete_ch14_1 - Fullfrontalanatomy.com
complete_ch14_1 - Fullfrontalanatomy.com

...  Categorized as somatic or visceral ...
neuro 04 brainstem student
neuro 04 brainstem student

... BRAINSTEM In general, the brainstem is made up of a mixture of long fiber pathways, wellorganized nuclei, and a network of cells which forms the brainstem reticular formation. Most of the nuclei are related directly either to cranial nerve functions or to motor control pathways.  10 of 12 cranial ...
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Neuroregeneration

Neuroregeneration refers to the regrowth or repair of nervous tissues, cells or cell products. Such mechanisms may include generation of new neurons, glia, axons, myelin, or synapses. Neuroregeneration differs between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS) by the functional mechanisms and especially the extent and speed. When an axon is damaged, the distal segment undergoes Wallerian degeneration, losing its myelin sheath. The proximal segment can either die by apoptosis or undergo the chromatolytic reaction, which is an attempt at repair. In the CNS, synaptic stripping occurs as glial foot processes invade the dead synapse.Nervous system injuries affect over 90,000 people every year. It is estimated that spinal cord injuries alone affect 10,000 each year. As a result of this high incidence of neurological injuries, nerve regeneration and repair, a subfield of neural tissue engineering, is becoming a rapidly growing field dedicated to the discovery of new ways to recover nerve functionality after injury. The nervous system is divided into two parts: the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which consists of cranial and spinal nerves along with their associated ganglia. While the peripheral nervous system has an intrinsic ability for repair and regeneration, the central nervous system is, for the most part, incapable of self-repair and regeneration. There is currently no treatment for recovering human nerve function after injury to the central nervous system. In addition, multiple attempts at nerve re-growth across the PNS-CNS transition have not been successful. There is simply not enough knowledge about regeneration in the central nervous system. In addition, although the peripheral nervous system has the capability for regeneration, much research still needs to be done to optimize the environment for maximum regrowth potential. Neuroregeneration is important clinically, as it is part of the pathogenesis of many diseases, including multiple sclerosis.
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