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A microfluidics approach to study the accumulation of molecules at
A microfluidics approach to study the accumulation of molecules at

Short-Term Fasting Alters Cytochrome P450–Mediated Drug
Short-Term Fasting Alters Cytochrome P450–Mediated Drug

... precision fall within the predefined maximum criteria (relative standard deviation LLOQ 6 20%, MLOQ and ULOQ 6 15%). PK Data Analysis. For each P450-probe drug plasma concentration time curves from all subjects were analyzed simultaneously using nonlinear mixed effects modeling software (NONMEM vers ...
Notes on Investment, Fall 2014
Notes on Investment, Fall 2014

... where Ψ(qt ) = −It CK (It , Kt ) = (It /Kt )2 D0 (It /Kt ) = φ(qt )2 D0 (φ(qt )). Observe that φ(1) = 0 and Ψ(1) = Ψ0 (1) = 0. The first equation is the capital accumulation equation, where we substituted the fact that It = φ(qt )Kt ; the second equation is the law of motion of qt = λt from the Maxi ...


... single dose study was carried out with a two-sequence, crossover block-randomized design for bioequivalence study. Clomipramine tablets (3 × 25 mg) of either formulations (reference or test products) were administered separately in two occasions to 12 fasting healthy male volunteers. Blood samples w ...
Opiate Assay - Beckman Coulter
Opiate Assay - Beckman Coulter

... Therapeutic doses of ofloxacin (Floxin) or levofloxacin (Levaquin), non-opiates, may produce positive results with this assay. A positive result from an individual taking ofloxacin or levofloxacin should be interpreted with caution and confirmed by another method. ...
Cardiovascular Pharmacology
Cardiovascular Pharmacology

... however, the administration of atropine, by removing the indirect effects, results in slowing of the flutter frequency with eventual extinction of the propagated wave, due to prolongation of the ERP above the path length of the circus movement in Wolff-Parkinson White syndrome the effects of digital ...
UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR
UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR

... Azelnidipine (AZEL) is chemically (±)-3-(1-diphenylmethylazetidin3-yl) 5-isopropy12-amino-1, 4-dihydro-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate. It is a dihydropyridine (DHP) type of calcium channel blocker (CCB) used for the treatment of hypertension. AZEL has two enantiomers due to an a ...
development and validation of reversed
development and validation of reversed

... ketoconazole is injected in to HPLC system keeping the injection volume constant. The peak area was plotted against the corresponding concentration to obtain the calibration graphs. To study the reliability and suitability of developed method, recovery experiments were carried out at three levels 80 ...
Preparation : Vials contain 250mg aminophylline in 10mL
Preparation : Vials contain 250mg aminophylline in 10mL

... Refer to Guidelines for the Management of Common Medical Emergencies and the Use of Antimicrobial Drugs, current edition for further details. ...
Additivity Versus Synergy: A Theoretical Analysis of - Area-c54
Additivity Versus Synergy: A Theoretical Analysis of - Area-c54

... anesthetic drugs, “concentration” is typically the calculated effect-site concentration, which is, by definition, the plasma concentration at steady-state. In some studies a bolus dose or infusion rate may substitute for concentration. In Figure 1, the X and Y axes units are fractions of the concent ...
Clenbuterol - National Drug Strategy
Clenbuterol - National Drug Strategy

... Some athletes and body builders are using clenbuterol without proof of its effectiveness or safety. Some animal studies have shown that using a stimulant like clenbuterol has the 'anabolic effect' of increasing muscle mass and body weight by enhancing muscle protein synthesis in rodents. However, no ...
PK/PD - Physiologie et Thérapeutique Ecole Véto Toulouse (ENVT)
PK/PD - Physiologie et Thérapeutique Ecole Véto Toulouse (ENVT)

... • the use of the PK/PD indices have several drawbacks. • most often is restricted to a single 24-hour observation time point, • 24 hours is generally a relatively short period to study the adaptation of the bacteria to antibiotic drug exposure and selection of resistant bacterial subpopulations. • T ...
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the - e
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the - e

... The pharmacokinetics of doxycycline have been studied in the elderly, undernourished patients with hyperlipidaemia, infected patients and patients with renal impairment. There are no data on the impact of sex, pregnancy, lactation or liver impairment on doxycycline pharmacokinetics.20 The impact of ...
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
- Journal of Clinical Investigation

... limb volume (range 1.68 to 6.51 cc.) to 3.66 cc. (range 1.43 to 7.80 cc. [Table V]). In the leg the mean blood flow also increased 5.4 per cent, from 3.31 per 100 cc. limb volume (range 1.94 to 5.61) to 3.44 cc. (range 1.66 to 6.20 cc.). The mean arterial pressure exhibited an average decrease of 8. ...
a distribution study with 14c-otilonium bromide in the rat: evidence
a distribution study with 14c-otilonium bromide in the rat: evidence

... The bioimaging analyzer system (BAS 1800; Fuji, Tokyo, Japan) was used for the QRLG, using imaging plates (IPs), which accumulate and store radioactive energy (Mori and Hamaoka, 1994). To quantify radioluminograms, a calibrating scale of 11 radioactivity levels (range 0.7–1849 nCi/g) was prepared by ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
View PDF - CiteSeerX

IN VIVO TABLETS BY HYDROXY PROPYL BETA CYCLODEXTRIN COMPLEXATION Research Article
IN VIVO TABLETS BY HYDROXY PROPYL BETA CYCLODEXTRIN COMPLEXATION Research Article

... According to U.S.P, Ten tablets were randomly taken and triturated using glass mortar and pestle. The blend equivalent to 40 mg of drug was weighed and dissolved in 250 mL of phosphate buffer pH 7.4 containing 0.5 % w/w Tween 20. The drug was allowed to dissolve in the solvent, the solution was filt ...
Thyroid Problems - American Medical College of Homeopathy
Thyroid Problems - American Medical College of Homeopathy

... metabolism of all the organs, blood sugar regulation, emotional stability, and hormonal balance. Thyroid is a butterfly shaped gland located in the neck on either side of the voice box that controls the overall metabolic rate of the body. Hence, imbalances of thyroid hormones can have an intense eff ...
Comparison of uterotonic effects of three low dose oxytocin
Comparison of uterotonic effects of three low dose oxytocin

... injection normal saline infusion 5 ml over 10 minutes (total 3 IU oxytocin), and Group “C”- Injection normal saline 3ml bolus followed by oxytocin infusion 5ml over 10 minutes (total 5 IU oxytocin). Bolus intravenous dose was administered over a time period of 5s to 10 s after clamping of the umbili ...
Bisgaier 1998
Bisgaier 1998

... Fibric acids are generally indicated for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia (1–3); however, these compounds have variable effects on HDL apolipoprotein and cholesterol elevation. These compounds may mimic the natural ligands for nuclear receptors that act through peroxisomal proliferation respons ...
Temporal preconditioners for marching on-in
Temporal preconditioners for marching on-in

Can breastfeeding mothers take paracetamol?
Can breastfeeding mothers take paracetamol?

... In a prospective, telephone follow-up study, no side effects were noted in 43 breastfed infants whose mothers were taking paracetamol (8). Additionally, no adverse effects in breastfed infants were noted whose mothers had been given paracetamol (4) or its prodrug, phenacetin (9). The method of calcu ...
UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation
UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Method Development and Validation

... point standardization. In standard absorptive value method, the use of standard A (1%, 1 cm) or E values are used in order to determine its absorptivity. It is advantageous in situations where it is difficult or expensive to obtain a sample of the reference substance. In calibration graph method, th ...
International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research Scholars (IJPRS)
International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research Scholars (IJPRS)

... given at frequent intervals to maintain blood concentrations within the therapeutic range. There is an inverse correlation between the frequency of dosing and patient compliance. A reduction in the number of daily doses offered by extended-release products has the potential to improve compliance. Ho ...
STUDIES ON FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF OSMOTICALLY CONTROLLED DRUG Research Article
STUDIES ON FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF OSMOTICALLY CONTROLLED DRUG Research Article

... The formulation variables like amount of pore former, effect of pH, agitational intensity, and weight gain on in vitro release from optimized formulation was evaluated and it was found that drug release directly depend on amount of pore former and weight gain in the coating composition. The drug rel ...
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Plateau principle

The plateau principle is a mathematical model or scientific law originally developed to explain the time course of drug action The principle has wide applicability in pharmacology, physiology, nutrition, biochemistry and system dynamics. It applies whenever a drug or nutrient is infused or ingested at a relatively constant rate and when a constant fraction is eliminated during each time interval. Under these conditions, any change in the rate of infusion leads to an exponential increase or decrease until a new level is achieved. This behavior is also called an approach to steady state because rather than causing an indefinite increase or decrease, a natural balance is achieved when the rate of infusion or production is balanced by the rate of loss.An especially important use of the plateau principle is to study the renewal of tissue constituents in the human and animal body. In adults, daily synthesis of tissue constituents is nearly constant, and most constituents are removed with a first order reaction rate. Applicability of the plateau principle was recognized during radiotracer studies of protein turnover in the 1940s by Rudolph Schoenheimer and David Rittenberg. Unlike the case with drugs, the initial amount of tissue or tissue protein is not zero because daily synthesis offsets daily elimination. In this case, the model is also said to approach a steady state with exponential or logarithmic kinetics. Constituents that change in this manner are said to have a biological half-life.A practical application of the plateau principle is that most people have experienced ""plateauing"" during regimens for weight management or training for sports. After a few weeks of progress, one seems unable to continue gaining in ability or losing weight. This outcome results from the same underlying quantitative model. This entry will describe the popular concepts as well as development of the plateau principle as a scientific, mathematical model.In the sciences, the broadest application of the plateau principle is creating realistic time signatures for change in kinetic models (see Mathematical model). One example of this principle is the long time required to effectively change human body composition. Theoretical studies have shown that many months of consistent physical training and food restriction are needed to bring about permanent weight stability in people who were previously overweight.
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