The History of DNA
... • Mice were injected with either R(rough) strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The mice live and their immune system kills R bacteria. No live bacteria • Mice injected with the S (smooth) strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The mice die. The dead mice have live S bacteria. • Mice injected with heat-k ...
... • Mice were injected with either R(rough) strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The mice live and their immune system kills R bacteria. No live bacteria • Mice injected with the S (smooth) strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The mice die. The dead mice have live S bacteria. • Mice injected with heat-k ...
BIOLOGY Chapter 11: DNA and the Language of Life Name: Section
... b. Bacteriophage- (AKA-phage) _________________________ that infects bacteria c. Virus (phage) they worked with had ____________ basic components: DNA on inside and coat made of protein on outside d. Use of ___________________________ sulfur for protein coat and radioactive phosphorus for DNA for th ...
... b. Bacteriophage- (AKA-phage) _________________________ that infects bacteria c. Virus (phage) they worked with had ____________ basic components: DNA on inside and coat made of protein on outside d. Use of ___________________________ sulfur for protein coat and radioactive phosphorus for DNA for th ...
Quiz #6 - San Diego Mesa College
... C) any of the above Q. 7: The short RNA pieces the DNA polymerase needs to successfully start DNA replication, are called: A) plasmids B) primers C) Okazaki fragments D) tRNA E) rRNA Q. 8: A change of the genetic information of the DNA molecule due to a variation of the nucleotide sequence is called ...
... C) any of the above Q. 7: The short RNA pieces the DNA polymerase needs to successfully start DNA replication, are called: A) plasmids B) primers C) Okazaki fragments D) tRNA E) rRNA Q. 8: A change of the genetic information of the DNA molecule due to a variation of the nucleotide sequence is called ...
Manipulating DNA Notes
... to copy pieces of DNA • When a “colored” base of DNA is added, replication is stopped – The “colored” bases show up on the electrophoresis (like previous picture!) ...
... to copy pieces of DNA • When a “colored” base of DNA is added, replication is stopped – The “colored” bases show up on the electrophoresis (like previous picture!) ...
Biology End of Quarter 3 Quiz Name_______Key__________
... c. An ion that has an a stable electron shell, but periodically emits radiation d. An atom that has an unstable nucleus and emits energy ...
... c. An ion that has an a stable electron shell, but periodically emits radiation d. An atom that has an unstable nucleus and emits energy ...
Team Uses PacBio Data to Detect and Phase Bacterial DNA
... modifications. In addition, they found that even with a low percentage of native DNA compared to wholegenome amplified DNA, they obtained good estimates of methylation. This, they noted, "could have implications for the characterization of in vivo isolates, for which low sequencing coverage due to l ...
... modifications. In addition, they found that even with a low percentage of native DNA compared to wholegenome amplified DNA, they obtained good estimates of methylation. This, they noted, "could have implications for the characterization of in vivo isolates, for which low sequencing coverage due to l ...
Uses for transgenic organisms (also called GMO`s or genetically
... edited in different ways). 98.5% of the 3 billion pairs are “junk” (do NOT code for any proteins); why this is, is still mostly unknown. Many scientists’ first guess was that the “junk” is old viruses that have infected the genome over the billion years it has evolved. MicroRNA (miRNA) and other gen ...
... edited in different ways). 98.5% of the 3 billion pairs are “junk” (do NOT code for any proteins); why this is, is still mostly unknown. Many scientists’ first guess was that the “junk” is old viruses that have infected the genome over the billion years it has evolved. MicroRNA (miRNA) and other gen ...
DNA History - BEHS Science
... Franklin's data was provided without her knowledge to other researchers named Watson and Crick. These scientists were also working on discovering the structure of DNA. These scientists used her data and that of other scientists to build their ultimately correct and detailed description of DNA's stru ...
... Franklin's data was provided without her knowledge to other researchers named Watson and Crick. These scientists were also working on discovering the structure of DNA. These scientists used her data and that of other scientists to build their ultimately correct and detailed description of DNA's stru ...
Chapter 8
... Restriction enzymes used in cloning experiments Blunt ends are compatible with any other Blunt end Sticky ends are only compatible with an end that leaves the complementary singlestranded overhang. Because sites are palindromic, sites cut with the same enzyme are compatible. Single stranded overha ...
... Restriction enzymes used in cloning experiments Blunt ends are compatible with any other Blunt end Sticky ends are only compatible with an end that leaves the complementary singlestranded overhang. Because sites are palindromic, sites cut with the same enzyme are compatible. Single stranded overha ...
DNA Structure
... A nucleic acid macromolecule Monomer of a nucleic acid is a nucleotide The three parts of a nucleotide: – 1. Phosphate group – 2. Sugar (deoxyribose) – 3. Nitrogen base ...
... A nucleic acid macromolecule Monomer of a nucleic acid is a nucleotide The three parts of a nucleotide: – 1. Phosphate group – 2. Sugar (deoxyribose) – 3. Nitrogen base ...
DNA
... one strain of bacteria (the harmless strain) had apparently been changed permanently into another (the disease-causing strain). • Confirmed by Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty in 1944 ...
... one strain of bacteria (the harmless strain) had apparently been changed permanently into another (the disease-causing strain). • Confirmed by Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty in 1944 ...
DNA - The Double Helix
... Nucleotides are made of a pentose ___________, a ____________, and a nitrogencontaining __________. Name 2 bases with double C-N rings. ____________________ The two sides of the DNA ladder are held together loosely by hydrogen bonds. The DNA can actually "unzip" when it needs to replicate - or make ...
... Nucleotides are made of a pentose ___________, a ____________, and a nitrogencontaining __________. Name 2 bases with double C-N rings. ____________________ The two sides of the DNA ladder are held together loosely by hydrogen bonds. The DNA can actually "unzip" when it needs to replicate - or make ...
DNA Structure II
... came from the mother, and one from the father. The chromosome starts as half of the familiar X. As the cell grows, it replicates the DNA to make the other half of the X, which is identical. When the cell divides, each daughter cell receives half of each chromosome (called a chromatid). The two copie ...
... came from the mother, and one from the father. The chromosome starts as half of the familiar X. As the cell grows, it replicates the DNA to make the other half of the X, which is identical. When the cell divides, each daughter cell receives half of each chromosome (called a chromatid). The two copie ...
DNA repair
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. In human cells, both normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as UV light and radiation can cause DNA damage, resulting in as many as 1 million individual molecular lesions per cell per day. Many of these lesions cause structural damage to the DNA molecule and can alter or eliminate the cell's ability to transcribe the gene that the affected DNA encodes. Other lesions induce potentially harmful mutations in the cell's genome, which affect the survival of its daughter cells after it undergoes mitosis. As a consequence, the DNA repair process is constantly active as it responds to damage in the DNA structure. When normal repair processes fail, and when cellular apoptosis does not occur, irreparable DNA damage may occur, including double-strand breaks and DNA crosslinkages (interstrand crosslinks or ICLs).The rate of DNA repair is dependent on many factors, including the cell type, the age of the cell, and the extracellular environment. A cell that has accumulated a large amount of DNA damage, or one that no longer effectively repairs damage incurred to its DNA, can enter one of three possible states: an irreversible state of dormancy, known as senescence cell suicide, also known as apoptosis or programmed cell death unregulated cell division, which can lead to the formation of a tumor that is cancerousThe DNA repair ability of a cell is vital to the integrity of its genome and thus to the normal functionality of that organism. Many genes that were initially shown to influence life span have turned out to be involved in DNA damage repair and protection.