Transcription blockage by stable H-DNA analogs in
... DNA stretches that are mirror images of one another (H-palindrome), where one stretch serves as an acceptor and another as a donor of the third strand (Figure 1A). During H-DNA formation, the donor stretch dissociates into two single strands. One strand winds back down the major groove of the accept ...
... DNA stretches that are mirror images of one another (H-palindrome), where one stretch serves as an acceptor and another as a donor of the third strand (Figure 1A). During H-DNA formation, the donor stretch dissociates into two single strands. One strand winds back down the major groove of the accept ...
Regulation of meiotic progression by the meiosis
... prophase and localizes to the nucleus Expression of the mek1+ gene was monitored by northern blot analysis during a pat1-driven synchronous meiosis (Fig. 2AC). Consistent with the results shown above, no expression of mek1+ is detected in vegetatively growing cells; its expression is induced at the ...
... prophase and localizes to the nucleus Expression of the mek1+ gene was monitored by northern blot analysis during a pat1-driven synchronous meiosis (Fig. 2AC). Consistent with the results shown above, no expression of mek1+ is detected in vegetatively growing cells; its expression is induced at the ...
Bacillus subtilis serine/threonine protein kinase YabT is involved in
... overlapping with the catalytic domain, there is a region rich in lysine and arginine residues (marked in orange, Fig. 1A), stretching from residues 230–315. This region is absent in YabT paralogues, and most of its orthologues in other bacteria. Since regions with positively charged residues charact ...
... overlapping with the catalytic domain, there is a region rich in lysine and arginine residues (marked in orange, Fig. 1A), stretching from residues 230–315. This region is absent in YabT paralogues, and most of its orthologues in other bacteria. Since regions with positively charged residues charact ...
Mutagenesis Point mutations Deletions Insertions Types of
... amplified vector to form circular products suitable for cloning, or for use in downstream applications, such as rolling circle amplification (RCA). To produce these vectors by PCR, each primer needs to include an overlap with one end of the vector, a restriction site (e.g., Not I) not present within ...
... amplified vector to form circular products suitable for cloning, or for use in downstream applications, such as rolling circle amplification (RCA). To produce these vectors by PCR, each primer needs to include an overlap with one end of the vector, a restriction site (e.g., Not I) not present within ...
PDF Version - Weizmann Institute of Science
... mouse pgk1 promoter (Adra et al. 1987). Hatched box: SV40 pA site. (B) The pGLD plasmid. Dark hatching: lac Z. Triangles: loxP sites. Light hatching: SV40 polyadenylation site. Heavy lines above Fig. 1A and B: DNA probes. (C) Organization of the GLD transgene, and its rearrangement in crosses with P ...
... mouse pgk1 promoter (Adra et al. 1987). Hatched box: SV40 pA site. (B) The pGLD plasmid. Dark hatching: lac Z. Triangles: loxP sites. Light hatching: SV40 polyadenylation site. Heavy lines above Fig. 1A and B: DNA probes. (C) Organization of the GLD transgene, and its rearrangement in crosses with P ...
Use of novel assays to measure in vivo base excision DNA repair
... oxidized (Nilsen & Kroken, 2001). If left unrepaired, oxidized bases lead to apurinic/apyrimidic (AP) sites and strand breaks (Friedberg et al., 2006a, chap. 2), and result in DNA mutations, genetic instability, and cancer. Oxidized bases and AP sites are mainly repaired using the BER pathway (Seebe ...
... oxidized (Nilsen & Kroken, 2001). If left unrepaired, oxidized bases lead to apurinic/apyrimidic (AP) sites and strand breaks (Friedberg et al., 2006a, chap. 2), and result in DNA mutations, genetic instability, and cancer. Oxidized bases and AP sites are mainly repaired using the BER pathway (Seebe ...
Recent Advances in Developing Small Molecules Targeting Nucleic
... only insertberenil, into theand DNA strand, but molecules are heterocylic dications and polyamides, including pentamidine, To bind affectto the gene expression, the small molecules canaffinity. not onlyFor insert into the DNA strand, also the major or minor grooves of high binding minor groove, typi ...
... only insertberenil, into theand DNA strand, but molecules are heterocylic dications and polyamides, including pentamidine, To bind affectto the gene expression, the small molecules canaffinity. not onlyFor insert into the DNA strand, also the major or minor grooves of high binding minor groove, typi ...
The Art of DNA Strings: Sixteen Years of DNA Coding Theory
... To perform the DNA computation, DNA strands react with each other by Watson Crick base pairing and form perfect match. But in some situation, DNA strands may not form perfect base pairing and react in undesirable manner. One situation is formation of secondary structure in which first half strand of ...
... To perform the DNA computation, DNA strands react with each other by Watson Crick base pairing and form perfect match. But in some situation, DNA strands may not form perfect base pairing and react in undesirable manner. One situation is formation of secondary structure in which first half strand of ...
Solving a Crime Using DNA Analysis and Chemistry
... This protocol will require running a polyacrylamide gel. You will need glass plates and the accompanying gel electrophoresis apparatus. You can purchase precast 6% polyacrylamide gels from GE Life Sciences and Invitrogen, but you will also need the appropriate gel electrophoresis apparatus for the p ...
... This protocol will require running a polyacrylamide gel. You will need glass plates and the accompanying gel electrophoresis apparatus. You can purchase precast 6% polyacrylamide gels from GE Life Sciences and Invitrogen, but you will also need the appropriate gel electrophoresis apparatus for the p ...
Studies on the Mechanisms of Homolog Pairing and Sister
... and is released to allow sister chromatid segregation during anaphase of mitosis or meiosis II. In addition, sister chromatid cohesion has been proved to hold homologs together in meiosis I by stabilizing chiasmata (Lee et al., 2001), and is involved in repair of DNA double-strand breaks during G2 ...
... and is released to allow sister chromatid segregation during anaphase of mitosis or meiosis II. In addition, sister chromatid cohesion has been proved to hold homologs together in meiosis I by stabilizing chiasmata (Lee et al., 2001), and is involved in repair of DNA double-strand breaks during G2 ...
Persistence and Loss of Meiotic Recombination
... individuals one at a time to undergo meiosis until N euploid gametes have been obtained. Highly fit individuals may contribute more than one meiosis while less fit individuals may contribute none. Meiosis: The molecular events of meiosis are explicitly specified in the model: DNA replication, DNA br ...
... individuals one at a time to undergo meiosis until N euploid gametes have been obtained. Highly fit individuals may contribute more than one meiosis while less fit individuals may contribute none. Meiosis: The molecular events of meiosis are explicitly specified in the model: DNA replication, DNA br ...
The Role of DNA-PKcs and Artemis in Opening Viral DNA
... 3,000 ds-vg/dge). Unusual bands that were not present in samples from wild-type mice were observed in PstI (noncutter) DNA digests in DNA-PKcs-deficient mouse livers (shown with arrows). The major unusual bands migrated slightly faster than a 3,049-bp marker, which is 20 bp shorter than full-length ...
... 3,000 ds-vg/dge). Unusual bands that were not present in samples from wild-type mice were observed in PstI (noncutter) DNA digests in DNA-PKcs-deficient mouse livers (shown with arrows). The major unusual bands migrated slightly faster than a 3,049-bp marker, which is 20 bp shorter than full-length ...
Mutual Interactions of the Phosphate Groups in Locally Deformed
... and virus capsids (Kelleberger 1988). The compaction is mainly driven by basic proteins which cause the same changes in natural DNA circular dichroism spectra and thus conformation as high-salt concentrations (Adler and Fasman 1971; de Murcia et al. 1978). This many times demonstrated fact makes stu ...
... and virus capsids (Kelleberger 1988). The compaction is mainly driven by basic proteins which cause the same changes in natural DNA circular dichroism spectra and thus conformation as high-salt concentrations (Adler and Fasman 1971; de Murcia et al. 1978). This many times demonstrated fact makes stu ...
Revisiting Plus-Strand DNA Synthesis in Retroviruses and Long
... center of HIV-1 RT to alternative sites of hydrolysis. Although the precise mechanism by which this unusual cleavage occurs requires further analysis, we propose that it reflected increased affinity of RT for nucleic acid at the sites of isostere insertion. A protein motif most likely to mediate thi ...
... center of HIV-1 RT to alternative sites of hydrolysis. Although the precise mechanism by which this unusual cleavage occurs requires further analysis, we propose that it reflected increased affinity of RT for nucleic acid at the sites of isostere insertion. A protein motif most likely to mediate thi ...
CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY AT DNA CORPORATE
... thought to responsibility from the company point of view, or how wide-spread its scope is, until I participated in the training last spring. While I may not be the most ecoconscious person out there, it was great to hear about DNA’s commitment as a company to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and use ...
... thought to responsibility from the company point of view, or how wide-spread its scope is, until I participated in the training last spring. While I may not be the most ecoconscious person out there, it was great to hear about DNA’s commitment as a company to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and use ...
Synthesis and Evaluation of Guanidino Phthalocyanines for G
... strongly suggesting a regulatory role in vivo. In vitro studies have already shown that these repeats can fold into triple helix-containing structures called H-DNA. Upon H-DNA formation, the DNA double helix within one-half of the H-palindrome denatures into two single strands, and one of these comp ...
... strongly suggesting a regulatory role in vivo. In vitro studies have already shown that these repeats can fold into triple helix-containing structures called H-DNA. Upon H-DNA formation, the DNA double helix within one-half of the H-palindrome denatures into two single strands, and one of these comp ...
Roles of DNA Polymerase V and RecA Protein in SOS Damage
... RecA typically binds to single-stranded DNA, aligns that strand with homologous sequences in a duplex DNA, and then promotes a strand exchange in which one strand of the duplex is transferred to the single strand to create a new duplex, and the other strand from the original duplex is displaced. The ...
... RecA typically binds to single-stranded DNA, aligns that strand with homologous sequences in a duplex DNA, and then promotes a strand exchange in which one strand of the duplex is transferred to the single strand to create a new duplex, and the other strand from the original duplex is displaced. The ...
voltammetric methods for determination of some anticancer drugs
... The DNA-biosensor was prepared as described in the experimental section. During the conditioning procedure the dsDNA film interacted with ssDNA in bulk solution, structural modification of the dsDNA immobilized on the glassy carbon surface taking place by interchain crosslinking with ssDNA in the so ...
... The DNA-biosensor was prepared as described in the experimental section. During the conditioning procedure the dsDNA film interacted with ssDNA in bulk solution, structural modification of the dsDNA immobilized on the glassy carbon surface taking place by interchain crosslinking with ssDNA in the so ...
The National DNA Database
... genetic information from one generation to the next. Within the DNA is carried the genetic information that determines our physical characteristics and directs all the chemical processes in the body. Half our DNA is inherited from our mother and half from our father. Except for identical siblings, e ...
... genetic information from one generation to the next. Within the DNA is carried the genetic information that determines our physical characteristics and directs all the chemical processes in the body. Half our DNA is inherited from our mother and half from our father. Except for identical siblings, e ...
Impact of Sample Type and DNA Isolation Procedure on
... infectious diseases faster, more precisely, and more sustainably. ...
... infectious diseases faster, more precisely, and more sustainably. ...
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... Well before the work of Frederick Griffith, experiments had provided information about nucleic acids. In the late 1860s, Friedrich Miescher, a medical researcher, isolated a substance called nuclein while working with white blood cells. Miescher was able to determine that this substance, found in the ...
... Well before the work of Frederick Griffith, experiments had provided information about nucleic acids. In the late 1860s, Friedrich Miescher, a medical researcher, isolated a substance called nuclein while working with white blood cells. Miescher was able to determine that this substance, found in the ...
draft dna profiling bill 2007
... technology that makes it possible to determine whether the source of origin of one body substance is identical to that of another, and further to establish the biological relationship, if any, between two individuals, living or dead without any doubt. With the objective to enhance protection of peop ...
... technology that makes it possible to determine whether the source of origin of one body substance is identical to that of another, and further to establish the biological relationship, if any, between two individuals, living or dead without any doubt. With the objective to enhance protection of peop ...
Electronic Fingerprints of DNA Bases on Graphene
... he determination of the precise sequence of the four nucleotides [adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T)] in DNA molecules is an important goal for both fundamental research interests as well as large number of applications in biomedical research,1 biotechnology,2,3 drug delivery,4 ...
... he determination of the precise sequence of the four nucleotides [adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T)] in DNA molecules is an important goal for both fundamental research interests as well as large number of applications in biomedical research,1 biotechnology,2,3 drug delivery,4 ...
13 Interplay Between H2AX and 53BP1 Pathways in DNA Double
... of DNA DSBs, but the involvement of H2AX in this mechanism is not clear yet. H2AX was found to be essentially immobile in chromatin (29). N-terminal fusion constructs of H2AX with green fluorescent protein (GFP) were used to study their diffusional mobility in transient and stable cell transfection ...
... of DNA DSBs, but the involvement of H2AX in this mechanism is not clear yet. H2AX was found to be essentially immobile in chromatin (29). N-terminal fusion constructs of H2AX with green fluorescent protein (GFP) were used to study their diffusional mobility in transient and stable cell transfection ...
Replication of Nuclear DNA
... as replicons. In cells undergoing DNA replication, these multiple units are readily visualised by fibre autoradiography (Cairns 1966; Huberman and Riggs 1968). This was first applied to plants by Van’t Hof (1975) and has been widely used in studies of plant DNA replication. In more recent versions o ...
... as replicons. In cells undergoing DNA replication, these multiple units are readily visualised by fibre autoradiography (Cairns 1966; Huberman and Riggs 1968). This was first applied to plants by Van’t Hof (1975) and has been widely used in studies of plant DNA replication. In more recent versions o ...
Homologous recombination
Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which nucleotide sequences are exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of DNA. It is most widely used by cells to accurately repair harmful breaks that occur on both strands of DNA, known as double-strand breaks. Homologous recombination also produces new combinations of DNA sequences during meiosis, the process by which eukaryotes make gamete cells, like sperm and egg cells in animals. These new combinations of DNA represent genetic variation in offspring, which in turn enables populations to adapt during the course of evolution. Homologous recombination is also used in horizontal gene transfer to exchange genetic material between different strains and species of bacteria and viruses.Although homologous recombination varies widely among different organisms and cell types, most forms involve the same basic steps. After a double-strand break occurs, sections of DNA around the 5' ends of the break are cut away in a process called resection. In the strand invasion step that follows, an overhanging 3' end of the broken DNA molecule then ""invades"" a similar or identical DNA molecule that is not broken. After strand invasion, the further sequence of events may follow either of two main pathways discussed below (see Models); the DSBR (double-strand break repair) pathway or the SDSA (synthesis-dependent strand annealing) pathway. Homologous recombination that occurs during DNA repair tends to result in non-crossover products, in effect restoring the damaged DNA molecule as it existed before the double-strand break.Homologous recombination is conserved across all three domains of life as well as viruses, suggesting that it is a nearly universal biological mechanism. The discovery of genes for homologous recombination in protists—a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms—has been interpreted as evidence that meiosis emerged early in the evolution of eukaryotes. Since their dysfunction has been strongly associated with increased susceptibility to several types of cancer, the proteins that facilitate homologous recombination are topics of active research. Homologous recombination is also used in gene targeting, a technique for introducing genetic changes into target organisms. For their development of this technique, Mario Capecchi, Martin Evans and Oliver Smithies were awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.