NIH Public Access - The Scripps Research Institute
... neurotransmitters, whose action involves the uptake and storage of these small molecules into synaptic vesicles, AEA and other N-acyl ethanolamines (NAEs) are produced upon demand through activity-dependent cleavage of membrane lipid precursors (29,34). The biological activity of AEA in the central ...
... neurotransmitters, whose action involves the uptake and storage of these small molecules into synaptic vesicles, AEA and other N-acyl ethanolamines (NAEs) are produced upon demand through activity-dependent cleavage of membrane lipid precursors (29,34). The biological activity of AEA in the central ...
ZITHROMAX (azithromycin tablets) and
... In these studies (500 mg Day 1, 250 mg Days 2-5), there was no significant difference in the disposition of azithromycin between male and female subjects. Plasma concentrations of azithromycin following single 500 mg oral and I.V. doses declined in a polyphasic pattern resulting in an average termi ...
... In these studies (500 mg Day 1, 250 mg Days 2-5), there was no significant difference in the disposition of azithromycin between male and female subjects. Plasma concentrations of azithromycin following single 500 mg oral and I.V. doses declined in a polyphasic pattern resulting in an average termi ...
Colloidal Submicron-Particle Curcumin Exhibits High Absorption
... (20). Another lecithinized formulation of curcumin, Meriva, was tested in healthy volunteers, and found to improve absorption to about a 29-fold higher level than corresponding normal curcumin (21). Theracurmin, curcumin dispersed with colloidal submicron-particles, demonstrated oral bioavailability ...
... (20). Another lecithinized formulation of curcumin, Meriva, was tested in healthy volunteers, and found to improve absorption to about a 29-fold higher level than corresponding normal curcumin (21). Theracurmin, curcumin dispersed with colloidal submicron-particles, demonstrated oral bioavailability ...
PIPERINE, AN ALKALOID DERIVED FROM BLACK
... The piperine dose (5 mg) used in this study was calculated as far below an average dose that was reported to affect the biotransformation of drugs. Earlier studies dealing with drug bioavailability suggested that piperine was effective as a non-competitive inhibitor of xenobiotic biotransforming enz ...
... The piperine dose (5 mg) used in this study was calculated as far below an average dose that was reported to affect the biotransformation of drugs. Earlier studies dealing with drug bioavailability suggested that piperine was effective as a non-competitive inhibitor of xenobiotic biotransforming enz ...
The New High 2013
... 25I-NBOMe effects usually last 6-10 hours if taken sublingually or buccally. When it is insufflated, effects usually last 4–6 hours. Effects can however last significantly longer depending on dosage; durations longer than 12 hours have been reported. 25I-NBOMe can also be vaporized and inhaled, thi ...
... 25I-NBOMe effects usually last 6-10 hours if taken sublingually or buccally. When it is insufflated, effects usually last 4–6 hours. Effects can however last significantly longer depending on dosage; durations longer than 12 hours have been reported. 25I-NBOMe can also be vaporized and inhaled, thi ...
PropoFlo - zoetisUS.com
... Repeated maintenance doses of propofol do not result in increased recovery times or dosing intervals, indicating that the anesthetic effects of propofol are not cumulative. B. Maintenance by Inhalant Anesthetics: Due to the rapid metabolism of propofol, additional low doses of propofol, similar to t ...
... Repeated maintenance doses of propofol do not result in increased recovery times or dosing intervals, indicating that the anesthetic effects of propofol are not cumulative. B. Maintenance by Inhalant Anesthetics: Due to the rapid metabolism of propofol, additional low doses of propofol, similar to t ...
Full Prescribing Information including BOXED WARNING
... increasing frequency of dose-related opioid adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, CNS effects, and respiratory depression. In opioid-tolerant patients, the situation may be altered by the development of tolerance to opioid-related adverse reactions [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION]. Pharmacokine ...
... increasing frequency of dose-related opioid adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, CNS effects, and respiratory depression. In opioid-tolerant patients, the situation may be altered by the development of tolerance to opioid-related adverse reactions [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION]. Pharmacokine ...
How close are you to your blood pressure and
... CADUET® (amlodipine besylate/atorvastatin calcium) tablets are a prescription drug that combines two medicines, NORVASC® (amlodipine besylate) and LIPITOR® (atorvastatin calcium) tablets. CADUET is used in adults who need both NORVASC and LIPITOR. NORVASC is prescribed to treat high blood pressure ( ...
... CADUET® (amlodipine besylate/atorvastatin calcium) tablets are a prescription drug that combines two medicines, NORVASC® (amlodipine besylate) and LIPITOR® (atorvastatin calcium) tablets. CADUET is used in adults who need both NORVASC and LIPITOR. NORVASC is prescribed to treat high blood pressure ( ...
Disposition of Morphine in the Rat Isolated Perfused Kidney
... Extraction solvent (6 ml of chloroform containing 20% n-butyl alcohol) was added to the buffered mixture, and the tube contents were rotary-mixed at 33 rpm for 10 min and then centrifuged at 1800 3 g for 10 min. After removal of the upper aqueous phase by aspiration, 5 ml of the organic phase was tr ...
... Extraction solvent (6 ml of chloroform containing 20% n-butyl alcohol) was added to the buffered mixture, and the tube contents were rotary-mixed at 33 rpm for 10 min and then centrifuged at 1800 3 g for 10 min. After removal of the upper aqueous phase by aspiration, 5 ml of the organic phase was tr ...
Wolfe - Intranasal naloxone in safe injection setting
... There is also an epidemic (especially in my country, but increasingly here as well) related to accidental prescription opiate overdoses There is time to intervene if an easy, effective intervention is instituted in the public domain. ...
... There is also an epidemic (especially in my country, but increasingly here as well) related to accidental prescription opiate overdoses There is time to intervene if an easy, effective intervention is instituted in the public domain. ...
CIPRO XL PRODUCT MONOGRAPH
... agitation, insomnia, anxiety, paranoia, nightmares and, rarely, suicidal thoughts or acts. In some cases, depression or psychotic reactions can progress to suicidal ideations/thoughts and selfinjurious behavior, such as attempted suicide or completed suicide. These reactions may occur even following ...
... agitation, insomnia, anxiety, paranoia, nightmares and, rarely, suicidal thoughts or acts. In some cases, depression or psychotic reactions can progress to suicidal ideations/thoughts and selfinjurious behavior, such as attempted suicide or completed suicide. These reactions may occur even following ...
Advances in Environmental Biology
... CYP2C19 plays an important role in the metabolism of many types of drug. Polymorphisms in CYP2C19 are known to affect the metabolic activity of some commonly used drugs, such as omeprazole, proguanil, and certain tricyclic antidepressants. If a CYP2C19 polymorphism can be identified before medicatio ...
... CYP2C19 plays an important role in the metabolism of many types of drug. Polymorphisms in CYP2C19 are known to affect the metabolic activity of some commonly used drugs, such as omeprazole, proguanil, and certain tricyclic antidepressants. If a CYP2C19 polymorphism can be identified before medicatio ...
The Gateway Drug: Marijuana
... • Another concern is marijuana’s role as a "gateway drug," which makes subsequent use of more potent and disabling substances more likely. The Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University found adolescents who smoke pot 85 times more likely to use cocaine than their non–pot smokin ...
... • Another concern is marijuana’s role as a "gateway drug," which makes subsequent use of more potent and disabling substances more likely. The Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University found adolescents who smoke pot 85 times more likely to use cocaine than their non–pot smokin ...
Fourth_amended_complaint_restricted.pdf1165439753581
... DRUG MANUFACTURERS IDENTIFIED HEREIN FOR UNLAWFUL CONDUCT ASSOCIATED WITH AWPID DRUGS) ............................................186 COUNT II VIOLATIONS OF 18 U.S.C. § 1962(C) (AGAINST DEFENDANT DRUG MANUFACTURERS IDENTIFIED HEREIN) ............................................215 COUNT III DECLARA ...
... DRUG MANUFACTURERS IDENTIFIED HEREIN FOR UNLAWFUL CONDUCT ASSOCIATED WITH AWPID DRUGS) ............................................186 COUNT II VIOLATIONS OF 18 U.S.C. § 1962(C) (AGAINST DEFENDANT DRUG MANUFACTURERS IDENTIFIED HEREIN) ............................................215 COUNT III DECLARA ...
A rapid analysis of plasma/serum ethylene and propylene glycol by
... total of 36 patients ingested ethylene glycol, including 3 patients who presented with two separate admissions for ethylene glycol toxicity. Laboratory studies on presentation to hospital for these patients showed both osmolal and anion gap in 13 patients, osmolal but not anion gap in 13 patients, a ...
... total of 36 patients ingested ethylene glycol, including 3 patients who presented with two separate admissions for ethylene glycol toxicity. Laboratory studies on presentation to hospital for these patients showed both osmolal and anion gap in 13 patients, osmolal but not anion gap in 13 patients, a ...
Use of Codeine in Children
... expected levels of morphine in breast milk may lead to life-threatening or fatal side effects in nursing their nursing infants.4 Recent research from Motherisk suggests that codeine may not be safe for all mothers of nursing infants, as in a minority of cases it may cause CNS depression and apnea ...
... expected levels of morphine in breast milk may lead to life-threatening or fatal side effects in nursing their nursing infants.4 Recent research from Motherisk suggests that codeine may not be safe for all mothers of nursing infants, as in a minority of cases it may cause CNS depression and apnea ...
2009 St Johns Wort Quality Issues and Active Compounds
... play an im-portant role in the SJW extract. Thus the addition of rutin to inactive extracts resulted in a strong pharmacological effect comparable to that of other extracts that contained a suffi -cient amount of rutin (14). Although the study provides suffi cient quantitative data about the amount ...
... play an im-portant role in the SJW extract. Thus the addition of rutin to inactive extracts resulted in a strong pharmacological effect comparable to that of other extracts that contained a suffi -cient amount of rutin (14). Although the study provides suffi cient quantitative data about the amount ...
drug registration guidance document (drgd)
... Excipient: Substance needed for manufacturing a dosage form (used after potentisation) such as wheat starch and magnesium stearate for tablets. It may also represent the substance of the dosage form. Homeopath: A qualified provider (practitioner) of homeopathic treatment. Homeopathic medicines: Any ...
... Excipient: Substance needed for manufacturing a dosage form (used after potentisation) such as wheat starch and magnesium stearate for tablets. It may also represent the substance of the dosage form. Homeopath: A qualified provider (practitioner) of homeopathic treatment. Homeopathic medicines: Any ...
Amphetamines Assay
... (MDMA) and methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) in human urine (see Table 14). The assay contains monoclonal antibodies and is therefore less subject to interferences from amphetamine-like compounds than assays containing polyclonal antibodies. While interferences are reduced with this assay, like ...
... (MDMA) and methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) in human urine (see Table 14). The assay contains monoclonal antibodies and is therefore less subject to interferences from amphetamine-like compounds than assays containing polyclonal antibodies. While interferences are reduced with this assay, like ...
as terbinafine base
... occur in patients treated with terbinafine tablets should be evaluated and consideration should be given for a possible change in medication regimen, including discontinuation of treatment with terbinafine tablets. Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis An increase in liver tumours was observed in male rats ...
... occur in patients treated with terbinafine tablets should be evaluated and consideration should be given for a possible change in medication regimen, including discontinuation of treatment with terbinafine tablets. Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis An increase in liver tumours was observed in male rats ...
Glucosamine sulfate.fm
... sulfate substances, different dosage forms or regimens, whose clinical trial results were clearly less favorable (as will be reviewed later). The main limitation for the description of glucosamine pharmacokinetics has been the lack of suitable bioanalytical methods with sufficient sensitivity and sp ...
... sulfate substances, different dosage forms or regimens, whose clinical trial results were clearly less favorable (as will be reviewed later). The main limitation for the description of glucosamine pharmacokinetics has been the lack of suitable bioanalytical methods with sufficient sensitivity and sp ...
HIGH INITIAL BURST RELEASE OF GENTAMICIN FORMULATED AS PLGA MICROSPHERES
... weight (LMW) PLGA (82.38 ± 9.08%) were used as indicated by drug loading efficiency of more than 80% in the disc-diffusion assay. LMW PLGA enabled high burst release (~90%) of gentamicin within the first 10 hours corresponding to zone inhibition of 13.78 ± 0.86 mm, only 30% smaller than the positive ...
... weight (LMW) PLGA (82.38 ± 9.08%) were used as indicated by drug loading efficiency of more than 80% in the disc-diffusion assay. LMW PLGA enabled high burst release (~90%) of gentamicin within the first 10 hours corresponding to zone inhibition of 13.78 ± 0.86 mm, only 30% smaller than the positive ...
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH
... not be compared to the rates in the clinical trials of another drug. Adverse drug reaction information from clinical trials is useful for identifying drug-related adverse events and for approximating rates. Adverse events have been recorded during controlled clinical investigations in over 13,000 pa ...
... not be compared to the rates in the clinical trials of another drug. Adverse drug reaction information from clinical trials is useful for identifying drug-related adverse events and for approximating rates. Adverse events have been recorded during controlled clinical investigations in over 13,000 pa ...
A pharmacologic strategy for the treatment of nicotine addiction
... the mechanism underlying this attenuation is mediated in part, if not completely, through the GABAB receptor (Ashby et al., 1999). For the treatment of brain disorders such as drug addiction, Parkinson’s disease, and mental illness, the use of specific suicide inhibitors of an enzyme, like GVG, offe ...
... the mechanism underlying this attenuation is mediated in part, if not completely, through the GABAB receptor (Ashby et al., 1999). For the treatment of brain disorders such as drug addiction, Parkinson’s disease, and mental illness, the use of specific suicide inhibitors of an enzyme, like GVG, offe ...
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics, sometimes abbreviated as PK (from Ancient Greek pharmakon ""drug"" and kinetikos ""moving, putting in motion""; see chemical kinetics), is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to determining the fate of substances administered externally to a living organism. The substances of interest include pharmaceutical agents, hormones, nutrients, and toxins. It attempts to discover the fate of a drug from the moment that it is administered up to the point at which it is completely eliminated from the body.Pharmacokinetics describes how the body affects a specific drug after administration through the mechanisms of absorption and distribution, as well as the chemical changes of the substance in the body (e.g. by metabolic enzymes such as cytochrome P450 or glucuronosyltransferase enzymes), and the effects and routes of excretion of the metabolites of the drug. Pharmacokinetic properties of drugs may be affected by elements such as the site of administration and the dose of administered drug. These may affect the absorption rate. Pharmacokinetics is often studied in conjunction with pharmacodynamics, the study of a drug's pharmacological effect on the body.A number of different models have been developed in order to simplify conceptualization of the many processes that take place in the interaction between an organism and a drug. One of these models, the multi-compartment model, gives the best approximation to reality; however, the complexity involved in using this type of model means that monocompartmental models and above all two compartmental models are the most-frequently used. The various compartments that the model is divided into are commonly referred to as the ADME scheme (also referred to as LADME if liberation is included as a separate step from absorption): Liberation - the process of release of a drug from the pharmaceutical formulation. See also IVIVC. Absorption - the process of a substance entering the blood circulation. Distribution - the dispersion or dissemination of substances throughout the fluids and tissues of the body. Metabolization (or biotransformation, or inactivation) – the recognition by the organism that a foreign substance is present and the irreversible transformation of parent compounds into daughter metabolites. Excretion - the removal of the substances from the body. In rare cases, some drugs irreversibly accumulate in body tissue.The two phases of metabolism and excretion can also be grouped together under the title elimination.The study of these distinct phases involves the use and manipulation of basic concepts in order to understand the process dynamics. For this reason in order to fully comprehend the kinetics of a drug it is necessary to have detailed knowledge of a number of factors such as: the properties of the substances that act as excipients, the characteristics of the appropriate biological membranes and the way that substances can cross them, or the characteristics of the enzyme reactions that inactivate the drug.All these concepts can be represented through mathematical formulas that have a corresponding graphical representation. The use of these models allows an understanding of the characteristics of a molecule, as well as how a particular drug will behave given information regarding some of its basic characteristics. Such as its acid dissociation constant (pKa), bioavailability and solubility, absorption capacity and distribution in the organism.The model outputs for a drug can be used in industry (for example, in calculating bioequivalence when designing generic drugs) or in the clinical application of pharmacokinetic concepts. Clinical pharmacokinetics provides many performance guidelines for effective and efficient use of drugs for human-health professionals and in veterinary medicine.