Plate tectonics
... uppermost mantle, along with the overlying crust, behaves as a strong, rigid layer. • This layer is known as the lithosphere. • This outer shell lies over a weaker region in the mantle known as the asthenosphere. – The lithosphere floats upon the asthenosphere and ...
... uppermost mantle, along with the overlying crust, behaves as a strong, rigid layer. • This layer is known as the lithosphere. • This outer shell lies over a weaker region in the mantle known as the asthenosphere. – The lithosphere floats upon the asthenosphere and ...
Plate Tectonics ppt
... meet at the edge of the present-day African continent will separate completely, allowing the Indian Ocean to flood the area and making the easternmost corner of Africa (the Horn of Africa) a large island. ...
... meet at the edge of the present-day African continent will separate completely, allowing the Indian Ocean to flood the area and making the easternmost corner of Africa (the Horn of Africa) a large island. ...
The core
... • It is very thin compared with the mantle and core. • It is made up of hard, solid rocks. • There are two zones: The oceanic crust: this is found on the ocean floor. It is thinner and denser than the continental crust. ...
... • It is very thin compared with the mantle and core. • It is made up of hard, solid rocks. • There are two zones: The oceanic crust: this is found on the ocean floor. It is thinner and denser than the continental crust. ...
Rocks Minerals, and Soil Study Guide Sedimentary and
... 3. Cleavage is a physical property of minerals in which planes of weak bonds in those minerals where the minerals will break, leaving a smooth surface. ...
... 3. Cleavage is a physical property of minerals in which planes of weak bonds in those minerals where the minerals will break, leaving a smooth surface. ...
The Fascinating Geology of the Phophonyane Falls Nature Reserve
... Complex formed deep within the earth’s crust. For this reason, current geologic research on the Phophonyane Falls Nature Reserve is focused on figuring out how and when these geologic environments were juxtaposed together. The term “Phophonyane Shear Zone” is used because a shear zone is essentially ...
... Complex formed deep within the earth’s crust. For this reason, current geologic research on the Phophonyane Falls Nature Reserve is focused on figuring out how and when these geologic environments were juxtaposed together. The term “Phophonyane Shear Zone” is used because a shear zone is essentially ...
UNIT 1 Study Guide
... shallow seas, mid-ocean ridges; create crust Transform – plates slide past each other; long faults, shallow earthquakes; conserve crust ...
... shallow seas, mid-ocean ridges; create crust Transform – plates slide past each other; long faults, shallow earthquakes; conserve crust ...
The Precambrian: Hadean, Archean and Proterozoic
... core (earth's magnetic field may be produced by the motion of the liquid material in the iron-rich outer core) Layer outside the earth's core is the mantle; it is solid but very hot, near the melting point of rocks, so it flows almost like a liquid, though much slower; it is 70% of the earth's volum ...
... core (earth's magnetic field may be produced by the motion of the liquid material in the iron-rich outer core) Layer outside the earth's core is the mantle; it is solid but very hot, near the melting point of rocks, so it flows almost like a liquid, though much slower; it is 70% of the earth's volum ...
landform
... forming mountains and plateaus. Mountains are formed when plates push together and crumble and fold the earths crust. Mountains are also formed when two plates collide and one moves up and over the other. When these plates move and shake, they may also cause earthquakes. These are common along fault ...
... forming mountains and plateaus. Mountains are formed when plates push together and crumble and fold the earths crust. Mountains are also formed when two plates collide and one moves up and over the other. When these plates move and shake, they may also cause earthquakes. These are common along fault ...
What is a Volcano? - Trimble County Schools
... plates. The plates slide or drift about continuously over a layer of partly melted rock. As the plates move, their boundaries collide, spread apart, or slide past one another. Most volcanic eruptions occur at the plate boundaries or when two plates move. Plates that are constantly moving and causing ...
... plates. The plates slide or drift about continuously over a layer of partly melted rock. As the plates move, their boundaries collide, spread apart, or slide past one another. Most volcanic eruptions occur at the plate boundaries or when two plates move. Plates that are constantly moving and causing ...
Volcanoes and Earthquakes
... • Two main causes of Earthquakes: – Can be linked to explosive volcanic eruptions and are very common in areas of volcanic activity where they occur during or after volcanic eruptions – Can be triggered by Tectonic activity associated with plate boundaries and faults. • The majority of earthquakes w ...
... • Two main causes of Earthquakes: – Can be linked to explosive volcanic eruptions and are very common in areas of volcanic activity where they occur during or after volcanic eruptions – Can be triggered by Tectonic activity associated with plate boundaries and faults. • The majority of earthquakes w ...
The crust - Lyndhurst Schools
... • Texture- The look and feel of a rock’s surface, determined by the size, shape, and pattern of a rock’s grains • Grains- The particles of minerals or other rocks that give a rock its texture. • Geologists look at grain shape, size, and pattern ...
... • Texture- The look and feel of a rock’s surface, determined by the size, shape, and pattern of a rock’s grains • Grains- The particles of minerals or other rocks that give a rock its texture. • Geologists look at grain shape, size, and pattern ...
The Rock Cycle
... What are Rocks? Rocks are aggregates of 2 or more minerals. Petrology is the study of rocks. There are three classifications of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. ...
... What are Rocks? Rocks are aggregates of 2 or more minerals. Petrology is the study of rocks. There are three classifications of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. ...
Intrusive and Extrusive Igneous Rocks
... Igneous rocks are called intrusive when they cool and solidify beneath the surface. Intrusive rocks form plutons and so are also called plutonic. A pluton is an igneous intrusive rock body that has cooled in the crust. When magma cools within the Earth, the cooling proceeds slowly. Slow cooling allo ...
... Igneous rocks are called intrusive when they cool and solidify beneath the surface. Intrusive rocks form plutons and so are also called plutonic. A pluton is an igneous intrusive rock body that has cooled in the crust. When magma cools within the Earth, the cooling proceeds slowly. Slow cooling allo ...
Plate Tectonics - Illinois Wesleyan University
... • Rifting does not start with a single graben that eventually becomes the ocean. There are a series of parallel grabens, only one of which eventually becomes the sea. Rifting can also stall, resulting in failed rifts. Because there is uplift (and consequent high erosion rates) and a topographic basi ...
... • Rifting does not start with a single graben that eventually becomes the ocean. There are a series of parallel grabens, only one of which eventually becomes the sea. Rifting can also stall, resulting in failed rifts. Because there is uplift (and consequent high erosion rates) and a topographic basi ...
Earth Layers Worksheet
... The Earth is made up of several different layers. It is believed that as the Earth cooled the heavier materials sank towards the center of Earth, the lighter materials moved into the middle of the Earth, and the lightest materials of all rose to the top. This explains why things like rock are on the ...
... The Earth is made up of several different layers. It is believed that as the Earth cooled the heavier materials sank towards the center of Earth, the lighter materials moved into the middle of the Earth, and the lightest materials of all rose to the top. This explains why things like rock are on the ...
Name Student ID Exam 2b – GEOL 1113 Fall 2009 ____
... ______ 31. Quartzite is the metamorphic product of a. quartz sandstone b. granite c. rhyolite d. olivine e. limestone _____ 32. A Benioff earthquake zone is significant in plate tectonic theory because it a. locates rift valleys on continents b. coincides with mid-oceanic ridges c. traces the descen ...
... ______ 31. Quartzite is the metamorphic product of a. quartz sandstone b. granite c. rhyolite d. olivine e. limestone _____ 32. A Benioff earthquake zone is significant in plate tectonic theory because it a. locates rift valleys on continents b. coincides with mid-oceanic ridges c. traces the descen ...
Rifting Mechanisms
... to a minor degree. Nevertheless two neighbouring Virunga volcanoes in D.R. Congo, Nyamuragira and Nyiragongo, are responsible for nearly two-fifths of Africa's historical eruptions. These volcanoes have erupted very fluid lavas which were flowing down the flanks with a speed of up to 60 km per hour. ...
... to a minor degree. Nevertheless two neighbouring Virunga volcanoes in D.R. Congo, Nyamuragira and Nyiragongo, are responsible for nearly two-fifths of Africa's historical eruptions. These volcanoes have erupted very fluid lavas which were flowing down the flanks with a speed of up to 60 km per hour. ...
Name Student ID Exam 2c – GEOL 1113 Fall 2009 ____
... _____ 41. A _____ is the first wave to arrive at a recording station following an earthquake. a. Love wave b. Rayleigh wave c. S-wave d. P-wave e. surface wave _____ 42. A single seismometer can determine both distance and direction to the focus of an earthquake. True (T) False (F) _____ 43. A seism ...
... _____ 41. A _____ is the first wave to arrive at a recording station following an earthquake. a. Love wave b. Rayleigh wave c. S-wave d. P-wave e. surface wave _____ 42. A single seismometer can determine both distance and direction to the focus of an earthquake. True (T) False (F) _____ 43. A seism ...
Large igneous province
A large igneous province (LIP) is an extremely large accumulation of igneous rocks, including liquid rock (intrusive) or volcanic rock formations (extrusive), when hot magma extrudes from inside the Earth and flows out. The source of many or all LIPs is variously attributed to mantle plumes or to processes associated with plate tectonics. Types of LIPs can include large volcanic provinces (LVP), created through flood basalt and large plutonic provinces (LPP). Eleven distinct flood basalt episodes occurred in the past 250 million years, creating volcanic provinces, which coincided with mass extinctions in prehistoric times. Formation depends on a range of factors, such as continental configuration, latitude, volume, rate, duration of eruption, style and setting (continental vs. oceanic), the preexisting climate state, and the biota resilience to change.