Layers of the Earth
... The earth is made up of 3 main layers, which are comprised of sub-layers. The outermost layer of the Earth is the crust. It is like the peel of an apple. It is very thin compared to the other layers. The crust is only about 3-5 miles (8 km) thick under the oceans (oceanic crust) and about 25 miles ( ...
... The earth is made up of 3 main layers, which are comprised of sub-layers. The outermost layer of the Earth is the crust. It is like the peel of an apple. It is very thin compared to the other layers. The crust is only about 3-5 miles (8 km) thick under the oceans (oceanic crust) and about 25 miles ( ...
Volcanoes-Earthquakes
... The plates, which make up Earth's lithosphere, float on a semi-solid layer of molten rock called the mantle or the asthenosphere. The mantle has two layers: (1) the upper mantle which is more solid and (2) the lower mantle which is more liquid. ...
... The plates, which make up Earth's lithosphere, float on a semi-solid layer of molten rock called the mantle or the asthenosphere. The mantle has two layers: (1) the upper mantle which is more solid and (2) the lower mantle which is more liquid. ...
File
... Geologists record seismic waves and study how they travel through Earth. The speed of the seismic waves and the paths they take reveal the structure of the planet. ...
... Geologists record seismic waves and study how they travel through Earth. The speed of the seismic waves and the paths they take reveal the structure of the planet. ...
Volcanoes Crossword
... 11 magma ___________ in silica flows easily and can form lava fountains 15 another name for a mudflow is __________________ 17 where lava collects near the surface of Earth before it erupts or cools 19 areas of hot water in areas where magma or hot rock is near Earth’s surface. 21 volcanic ash can b ...
... 11 magma ___________ in silica flows easily and can form lava fountains 15 another name for a mudflow is __________________ 17 where lava collects near the surface of Earth before it erupts or cools 19 areas of hot water in areas where magma or hot rock is near Earth’s surface. 21 volcanic ash can b ...
two abstracts
... geologist Evan Hopkins, who had published books On the connexion of geology with terrestrial magnetism in 1844, 1851 and 1855. . In the process of electroplating, an electric current dissolves metal at one pole and deposits metal at the other pole. Hopkins imagined the Earth’s magnetic poles to supp ...
... geologist Evan Hopkins, who had published books On the connexion of geology with terrestrial magnetism in 1844, 1851 and 1855. . In the process of electroplating, an electric current dissolves metal at one pole and deposits metal at the other pole. Hopkins imagined the Earth’s magnetic poles to supp ...
Lecture notes on Metamorphic Petrology
... -The metamorphic rocks are secondary rocks formed from preexisting igneous, sedimentary, and/or prior metamorphic rocks, which are subjected to physicochemical conditions (P, T, and chemical active fluids) higher than that at the earth’s surface. The yielded metamorphic rocks differ than the origina ...
... -The metamorphic rocks are secondary rocks formed from preexisting igneous, sedimentary, and/or prior metamorphic rocks, which are subjected to physicochemical conditions (P, T, and chemical active fluids) higher than that at the earth’s surface. The yielded metamorphic rocks differ than the origina ...
c. How do distinctive rock strata support the Theory of
... produced nor destroyed as the plates slide horizontally past each other. Plate boundary zones -- broad belts in which boundaries are not well defined and the effects of plate interaction are unclear. ...
... produced nor destroyed as the plates slide horizontally past each other. Plate boundary zones -- broad belts in which boundaries are not well defined and the effects of plate interaction are unclear. ...
mantle - National Geographic
... Lithosphere. The thin outermost shell of the upper mantle is similar to the crust, though cooler and more rigid. Together with the crust, this layer is called the Earth’s lithosphere. Asthenosphere. The lithosphere is actually broken up into several large pieces, or plates. They “float” on a softer ...
... Lithosphere. The thin outermost shell of the upper mantle is similar to the crust, though cooler and more rigid. Together with the crust, this layer is called the Earth’s lithosphere. Asthenosphere. The lithosphere is actually broken up into several large pieces, or plates. They “float” on a softer ...
Lecture 34 - Mantle Materials
... • Stony, stony-iron, and iron • Stony: Chondritic or Achondritic – Chondrules – spherical bits of olive or pyroxene condensed from the hot soar nebula over 4 ½ billion years ago ...
... • Stony, stony-iron, and iron • Stony: Chondritic or Achondritic – Chondrules – spherical bits of olive or pyroxene condensed from the hot soar nebula over 4 ½ billion years ago ...
cos.anu.edu.au • Boxing clever • When push comes to shove
... places where these events are highly likely.” Unfortunately for us, one such zone is a couple of thousand kilometres off the north east coast of Australia. A large quake there could have the potential to generate a tsunami similar to the one in the Indian Ocean on Boxing Day 2004, though this time h ...
... places where these events are highly likely.” Unfortunately for us, one such zone is a couple of thousand kilometres off the north east coast of Australia. A large quake there could have the potential to generate a tsunami similar to the one in the Indian Ocean on Boxing Day 2004, though this time h ...
Plate Tectonics
... This means that ocean crust is created in the middle of the ocean, being pushed to the side until it is destroyed in a trench. ...
... This means that ocean crust is created in the middle of the ocean, being pushed to the side until it is destroyed in a trench. ...
Plate Tectonics
... together, a mountain belt is formed • But when a continental plate COllides with an oceanic plate, the oceanic plates sinks and melts rock. Then the molten rock rises and forms a line of volcanoes ...
... together, a mountain belt is formed • But when a continental plate COllides with an oceanic plate, the oceanic plates sinks and melts rock. Then the molten rock rises and forms a line of volcanoes ...
Volcanos
... Learning Targets • Explain how magma type influences volcanic activity. • Discuss the role of temperature, pressure and dissolved gases in eruptions. • Recognize classifications of material ejected by eruptions. ...
... Learning Targets • Explain how magma type influences volcanic activity. • Discuss the role of temperature, pressure and dissolved gases in eruptions. • Recognize classifications of material ejected by eruptions. ...
Chemistry Unit Test Study Guide
... 31. List the Earth’s layers from the center to the surface. 32. What is the difference between the inner core and the outer core? 33. What can an earthquake on the sea floor produce? 34. What was the name of Alfred Wegener’s theory of horizontal movement of the Earth’s crust? 35. What were the key p ...
... 31. List the Earth’s layers from the center to the surface. 32. What is the difference between the inner core and the outer core? 33. What can an earthquake on the sea floor produce? 34. What was the name of Alfred Wegener’s theory of horizontal movement of the Earth’s crust? 35. What were the key p ...
Skinner Chapter 7
... 31. The three main kinds of magma are ________________, _______________, and _______________. 32. The two variables that influence the physical properties of magma the most are _________________ and _________________. 33. Igneous rock may be ___________________, meaning that it formed deep within th ...
... 31. The three main kinds of magma are ________________, _______________, and _______________. 32. The two variables that influence the physical properties of magma the most are _________________ and _________________. 33. Igneous rock may be ___________________, meaning that it formed deep within th ...
Ch 3 ppt
... both are similar density. Typically, the colder, older, more dense ocean crust subducts. The subducting ocean slab melts at about 100 km depth and forms an underwater volcano. When this volcano reaches a height above sea level, a volcanic island arc forms. ...
... both are similar density. Typically, the colder, older, more dense ocean crust subducts. The subducting ocean slab melts at about 100 km depth and forms an underwater volcano. When this volcano reaches a height above sea level, a volcanic island arc forms. ...
Earth Layers Fact Cards
... • The layers of the Earth just below the lithosphere; in combination with the lower mantle, this is the largest layer (about 2/3 of Earth’s mass). • Asthenosphere is plastic-like viscous rock; more solid closer to core. • High temperature and pressure: 500-900°C (932-1652°F) at the boundary wit ...
... • The layers of the Earth just below the lithosphere; in combination with the lower mantle, this is the largest layer (about 2/3 of Earth’s mass). • Asthenosphere is plastic-like viscous rock; more solid closer to core. • High temperature and pressure: 500-900°C (932-1652°F) at the boundary wit ...
14 The History of Life
... which the ancestors of most animal groups emerged. A layer of soot found between rock layers worldwide, known as the , might indicate that a large meteorite ...
... which the ancestors of most animal groups emerged. A layer of soot found between rock layers worldwide, known as the , might indicate that a large meteorite ...
Set in Stone Eva - Wadebridge Primary Academy
... Metamorphic rocks are usually harder than sedimentary rocks. They have thin layers and sometimes there are twisted fossils inside them. ...
... Metamorphic rocks are usually harder than sedimentary rocks. They have thin layers and sometimes there are twisted fossils inside them. ...
Chapter 8
... • Not all rocks can be dated by radiometric methods – Grains comprising detrital sedimentary rocks are not the same age as the rock in which they formed – The age of a particular mineral in a metamorphic rock may not necessarily represent the time when the rock formed ...
... • Not all rocks can be dated by radiometric methods – Grains comprising detrital sedimentary rocks are not the same age as the rock in which they formed – The age of a particular mineral in a metamorphic rock may not necessarily represent the time when the rock formed ...
45 Understanding Plate Boundaries
... under the ocean, and up to 300 km thick at some continents. Despite being thinner, oceanic lithosphere is denser than continental lithosphere because its crust is made up of denser rocks, such as basalt. When continental and oceanic lithosphere collide, the less dense continental lithosphere usually ...
... under the ocean, and up to 300 km thick at some continents. Despite being thinner, oceanic lithosphere is denser than continental lithosphere because its crust is made up of denser rocks, such as basalt. When continental and oceanic lithosphere collide, the less dense continental lithosphere usually ...
Slide 1
... (a) lithospheric substratum: oceanic versus continental (b) proximity of the basin to a plate margin (c) type of plate margin nearest the basin i.e., convergent, divergent, conservative (similar to Bally and Snelson, 1980) Other factors used are: hydrocarbon characteristics, types of sedimentary seq ...
... (a) lithospheric substratum: oceanic versus continental (b) proximity of the basin to a plate margin (c) type of plate margin nearest the basin i.e., convergent, divergent, conservative (similar to Bally and Snelson, 1980) Other factors used are: hydrocarbon characteristics, types of sedimentary seq ...
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
... composition has been changed by the effects of pressure, temperature, or the gain or loss of chemical components. • Occurs between temperatures of roughly 250°C (end of sedimentary lithification processes) and melting of the rock (>700°C) Contact and regional metamorphism at plate-collisional mounta ...
... composition has been changed by the effects of pressure, temperature, or the gain or loss of chemical components. • Occurs between temperatures of roughly 250°C (end of sedimentary lithification processes) and melting of the rock (>700°C) Contact and regional metamorphism at plate-collisional mounta ...
3.2 3.3 3.4 Rock Types
... cycle to explain the following statement. One rock is the raw material for another rock. • Compare/Contrast magma & lava. ...
... cycle to explain the following statement. One rock is the raw material for another rock. • Compare/Contrast magma & lava. ...
Large igneous province
A large igneous province (LIP) is an extremely large accumulation of igneous rocks, including liquid rock (intrusive) or volcanic rock formations (extrusive), when hot magma extrudes from inside the Earth and flows out. The source of many or all LIPs is variously attributed to mantle plumes or to processes associated with plate tectonics. Types of LIPs can include large volcanic provinces (LVP), created through flood basalt and large plutonic provinces (LPP). Eleven distinct flood basalt episodes occurred in the past 250 million years, creating volcanic provinces, which coincided with mass extinctions in prehistoric times. Formation depends on a range of factors, such as continental configuration, latitude, volume, rate, duration of eruption, style and setting (continental vs. oceanic), the preexisting climate state, and the biota resilience to change.