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47. Global Warming Background
47. Global Warming Background

... Washington University, said, ‘‘ Torrential rains have increased in the summer in agricultural regions.’’ He was referring to a then-unpublished paper by climatologist Tom Karl. Karl examined U.S. precipitation records and found that the percentage of annual rain falling during two-to-three-inchper-2 ...
Climate change and grasslands through the ages
Climate change and grasslands through the ages

... calculation of principal components and other quality control defects". They found in fact that global average temperatures peaked in the fifteenth century, and not in the twentieth. Von Storch et al. (2004) worked around the problem of data unavailability using a climate model that is able to reaso ...
extreme_weather_climate_change
extreme_weather_climate_change

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Ruggiero Golden JSE March 2017 Future Casting Issue PDF
Ruggiero Golden JSE March 2017 Future Casting Issue PDF

... Figure 2: Parts of lesson connections to NGSS it, not as a matter of political identity, or of simple belief in (or not). After breaking the students into groups of 3-4, the lesson is introduced with an engaging question: “What do you know about global climate change?”. Ask the students to brainstor ...
Keeling Curve (Mauna Loa)
Keeling Curve (Mauna Loa)

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Realities VS Misconceptions About the Science of Climate Change
Realities VS Misconceptions About the Science of Climate Change

... forces shaping  Earth's climate on  human time scales.   T. Peterson et al., 2008  ...
Realities vs. Misconceptions about Climate Change Science
Realities vs. Misconceptions about Climate Change Science

... began to cool in recent years (e.g., after 1998 or 2002). By definition, climate is determined by long-term averages, not by the ups and downs that occur over a decade or so. For example, weather forecasters define “normal” daily temperatures as the 30-year average for a given date. Similarly, clima ...
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IWRM as a Tool for Adaptation to Climate Change - Cap-Net
IWRM as a Tool for Adaptation to Climate Change - Cap-Net

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Climate of the Past
Climate of the Past

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The Serengeti strategy: How special interests try to intimidate
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presentation - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics
presentation - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics

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Ozone Depletion in the Stratosphere
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European summer temperatures since Roman times
European summer temperatures since Roman times

... SUNNARROW (see SOM for more details). On hemispheric scales, the highest estimates of solar forcing seems to yield a discrepancy between forced simulations and reconstructions (Schurer et al 2014). Regionally and seasonally the effect of solar forcing may be enhanced due to dynamic feedbacks that ar ...
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At first I accepted that increases in human caused additions of

... the perceived threat of the human-caused climate change resulting from a build up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The Kyoto Protocol proposed by the United Nations in 1997 calls for OECD countries and former USSR to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 5% from 1990 levels by the year 2012. Despite ...
26 K - arcus
26 K - arcus

... level organisms, with an emphasis on commercial/subsistence fish species; (2) quantitative changes of these processes under various natural- and human-induced scenarios; (3) the resultant economic and sociological impacts; and (4) the interaction between management decisions and ecosystem processes. ...
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Projected temperature changes along the American cordillera and
Projected temperature changes along the American cordillera and

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Overestimated global warming over the past 20 years
Overestimated global warming over the past 20 years

... despite much effort over recent decades, the uncertainty in the estimated climate sensitivity (that is, the long-term response of global mean temperature to a doubling of the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere) has not noticeably decreased1. Nevertheless, policymakers need more accurate uncertainty ...
Climate Change Impacts and Responses
Climate Change Impacts and Responses

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IS GLOBAL WARMING A THREAT?
IS GLOBAL WARMING A THREAT?

... GLOBAL COOLING DOOM AND GLOOM CIRCA 1975 “There are ominous signs that the Earth’s weather patterns have begun to change dramatically…with serious political implications for just about every nation on earth.” - Newsweek April 28, 1975 Present climate is “highly abnormal…[There is] a finite possibil ...
The Evidence Against Human Causation in Global Warming
The Evidence Against Human Causation in Global Warming

... 7) Several thousand scientists contributed to the IPCC report. How can they all be wrong? Just because a large number of people hold a particular view does not make it correct. The world’s leading scientists at one time were firmly of the opinion that the Earth was flat, and that the Sun revolved ar ...
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North Report

The North Report was a 2006 report evaluating reconstructions of the temperature record of the past two millennia, providing an overview of the state of the science and the implications for understanding of global warming. It was produced by a National Research Council committee, chaired by Gerald North, at the request of Representative Sherwood Boehlert as chairman of the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Science.These reconstructions had been dubbed ""hockey stick graphs"" after the 1999 reconstruction by Mann, Bradley and Hughes (MBH99), which used the methodology of their 1998 reconstruction covering 600 years (MBH98). A graph based on MBH99 was featured prominently in the 2001 IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR), and became a focus of the global warming controversy over the 1997 Kyoto Protocol. It was disputed by various contrarians, and in the politicisation of this hockey stick controversy the New York Times of 14 February 2005 hailed a paper by businessman Stephen McIntyre and economist Ross McKitrick (MM05) as undermining the scientific consensus behind the Kyoto agreement. On 23 June 2005, Rep. Joe Barton, chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce, with Ed Whitfield, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, wrote joint letters referring to issues raised by the Wall Street Journal article, and demanding that Mann, Bradley and Hughes provide full records on their data and methods, finances and careers, information about grants provided to the institutions they had worked for, and the exact computer codes used to generate their results. Boehlert said this was a ""misguided and illegitimate investigation"" into something that should properly be under the jurisdiction of the Science Committee, and in November 2005 after Barton dismissed the offer of an independent investigation organised by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, Boehlert requested the review, which became the North Report.The North Report went through a rigorous review process, and was published on 22 June 2006. It concluded ""with a high level of confidence that global mean surface temperature was higher during the last few decades of the 20th century than during any comparable period during the preceding four centuries"", justified by consistent evidence from a wide variety of geographically diverse proxies, but ""Less confidence can be placed in large-scale surface temperature reconstructions for the period from 900 to 1600"". It broadly agreed with the basic findings of the original MBH studies, which subsequently been supported by other reconstructions and proxy records, while emphasising uncertainties over earlier periods. The principal component analysis methodology that McIntyre and McKitrick had contested had a small tendency to bias results so was not recommended—but it had little influence on the final reconstructions, and other methods produced similar results.
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