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Observables and Measurements
Observables and Measurements

Metric Tensor, Connection, Curvature and Geodesic In this chapter
Metric Tensor, Connection, Curvature and Geodesic In this chapter

... In this chapter we give a brief introduction to the elements of differential geometry as used in general relativity. The main motivation that led Einstein to develop general relativity was the equivalence principle. In all forces except gravity the acceleration of a particle depends on its (inertial ...
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Study of the Neutron Detection Efficiency of the CLAS12 Detector
Study of the Neutron Detection Efficiency of the CLAS12 Detector

... with a voltage placed along the wire. When a charged particle enters, it ionizes the gas. The newly ionized gas particles are attracted to the wires, and when they hit the wire they produce an electrical signal. This signal is measured at each end of the wire and based on the difference between when ...
1 Derivation of Schrödinger`s equation Mikhail Batanov, Associate
1 Derivation of Schrödinger`s equation Mikhail Batanov, Associate

The rotation of a homonuclear linear molecule
The rotation of a homonuclear linear molecule

September 1976 - SLAC
September 1976 - SLAC

Electrospray Operation Using Nitrogen in Place of Air Application
Electrospray Operation Using Nitrogen in Place of Air Application

Electrospray Operation Using Nitrogen in Place of Air
Electrospray Operation Using Nitrogen in Place of Air

... insulating. That is, the gas molecules can remove electrons freed during ionization by attaching to the electrons during collisions. N2 is a non-electron-attaching gas, due to its electronic structure, and has a lower electrical breakdown voltage (VB) than air and CO2. Thus, N2 alone cannot sustain ...
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B - INFN Roma1

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The Mole - District 196
The Mole - District 196

Introduction to Particle Physics
Introduction to Particle Physics

A motion that repeats itself in equal interval of time is called periodic
A motion that repeats itself in equal interval of time is called periodic

... motion is called as oscillatory or vibratory motion. The oscillation of a simple pendulum, the oscillation of a mass attached to a spring etc. are the few examples of oscillatory motion. It may be said from the above discussion that any oscillatory motion should always be periodic, but a periodic mo ...
What quantum mechanics describes is - Philsci
What quantum mechanics describes is - Philsci

... experiment is exactly the same as that in one of the two one-slit experiments. But quantum mechanics predicts that there exist obvious differences between the interference patterns of the above two situations, and all known experiments coincide with the prediction. Thus the motion of particle descri ...
Beta Decay
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2. The Integer Quantum Hall Effect
2. The Integer Quantum Hall Effect

ppt 8 MB - Iowa State University
ppt 8 MB - Iowa State University

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Here - UiO

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... No two electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers. That is, no two electrons can be in the same quantum state. From the exclusion principle, it can be seen that only two electrons can be present in any orbital: One electron will have spin up and one spin down. Maximum number of electrons in ...
Hard Sphere Gas
Hard Sphere Gas

Infinite Square Well.wxp
Infinite Square Well.wxp

... for particles like photons which have zero rest mass. However, this equation cannot be applied to particles which have non-zero rest mass. It was Erwin Schrödinger who developed the non-relativistic wave equation for particles with non-zero rest mass. In 1926 he successfully applied this wave equa ...
Searches for FCNC Decays Bs(d) → μ+μ
Searches for FCNC Decays Bs(d) → μ+μ

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... Which of these is a true statement about quantum mechanics? A. Energies are always quantized B. Nothing can be known precisely C. A quantum system may not have a precisely defined energy D. More than one of the above E. None of the above A. The energy of a particle is only quantized when the particl ...
Build_Atoms
Build_Atoms

... Neon, Chlorine, and Argon. 4. For each atom, use the mouse to click and slide each subatomic particle into place. 5. When moving the electrons, place the electrons in the first shell first, then the second, etc. The capacity for each shell is given. 6. You will build each element on a different slid ...
< 1 ... 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 ... 171 >

Identical particles

Identical particles, also called indistinguishable or indiscernible particles, are particles that cannot be distinguished from one another, even in principle. Species of identical particles include, but are not limited to elementary particles such as electrons, composite subatomic particles such as atomic nuclei, as well as atoms and molecules. Quasiparticles also behave in this way. Although all known indistinguishable particles are ""tiny"", there is no exhaustive list of all possible sorts of particles nor a clear-cut limit of applicability; see particle statistics #Quantum statistics for detailed explication.There are two main categories of identical particles: bosons, which can share quantum states, and fermions, which do not share quantum states due to the Pauli exclusion principle. Examples of bosons are photons, gluons, phonons, helium-4 nuclei and all mesons. Examples of fermions are electrons, neutrinos, quarks, protons, neutrons, and helium-3 nuclei.The fact that particles can be identical has important consequences in statistical mechanics. Calculations in statistical mechanics rely on probabilistic arguments, which are sensitive to whether or not the objects being studied are identical. As a result, identical particles exhibit markedly different statistical behavior from distinguishable particles. For example, the indistinguishability of particles has been proposed as a solution to Gibbs' mixing paradox.
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