2. DNA Replication and Repair
... during bacterial replication an enzyme called DNA gyrase cuts the strands to relieve the tension from unwinding then reseals them later DNA replication will begin at the origins and move out in both directions replication forks will exist where the two strands are still joined one strand mov ...
... during bacterial replication an enzyme called DNA gyrase cuts the strands to relieve the tension from unwinding then reseals them later DNA replication will begin at the origins and move out in both directions replication forks will exist where the two strands are still joined one strand mov ...
BP 32: Posters - DNA/RNA - DPG
... DNA molecules of 1 micron length (3 kbp) were immobilized on lines as thin as 100 nm in width, before condensation was induced by addition of spermidine. Starting at a nucleation site, DNA condensates grew via an inverted domino effect by adsorbing neighboring DNA chains. The confinement of DNA brus ...
... DNA molecules of 1 micron length (3 kbp) were immobilized on lines as thin as 100 nm in width, before condensation was induced by addition of spermidine. Starting at a nucleation site, DNA condensates grew via an inverted domino effect by adsorbing neighboring DNA chains. The confinement of DNA brus ...
EDVOTEK 225 DNA Fingerprinting
... • Used to analyze DNA fragments • DNA has negative charge. • Gel is a sieve which separate DNA fragments according to size, charge and shape. • Only size of DNA affects mobility. • Cleavage of large complex human DNA generates fragments which may exceed resolving capacity of gel. • Cleaved DNA will ...
... • Used to analyze DNA fragments • DNA has negative charge. • Gel is a sieve which separate DNA fragments according to size, charge and shape. • Only size of DNA affects mobility. • Cleavage of large complex human DNA generates fragments which may exceed resolving capacity of gel. • Cleaved DNA will ...
PotuS!977m - BioMedSearch
... KS+ and pBkjescriptil KS-, varying in the orientation of their polylinker (KS versus SK) and fl origin (+ versus -) have been generated. These vectors were designed to facilitate rapid mapping of DNA inserts. The mapping technique, based on a strategy described by Wahl at at (ref. 1), requires the p ...
... KS+ and pBkjescriptil KS-, varying in the orientation of their polylinker (KS versus SK) and fl origin (+ versus -) have been generated. These vectors were designed to facilitate rapid mapping of DNA inserts. The mapping technique, based on a strategy described by Wahl at at (ref. 1), requires the p ...
Supplementary Data 1 (doc 909K)
... Melting curve analyses were performed ensure single PCR products in each reaction. All samples were run in triplicate. A standard curve from a dilution series of a control DNA sample was used to calculate exact copies for each locus. Normalized copy numbers for the loci being examined from our qPCR ...
... Melting curve analyses were performed ensure single PCR products in each reaction. All samples were run in triplicate. A standard curve from a dilution series of a control DNA sample was used to calculate exact copies for each locus. Normalized copy numbers for the loci being examined from our qPCR ...
Genome Organization and Replication
... I. The prokaryotic chromosomes A. Kinds of genetic elements in prok and euks 1. Prok and Euk have chromosomes and plasmids B. Prok. chromosome is usually _________________ (Fig. 16.10) C. Usually only have 1 but number can be more if prok. is growing D. Bacteria chromosome can be replicated througho ...
... I. The prokaryotic chromosomes A. Kinds of genetic elements in prok and euks 1. Prok and Euk have chromosomes and plasmids B. Prok. chromosome is usually _________________ (Fig. 16.10) C. Usually only have 1 but number can be more if prok. is growing D. Bacteria chromosome can be replicated througho ...
Laboratory #1 Lecture Guide: Forensic DNA Fingerprinting
... 4. What’s another way to say ‘restriction enzyme’ (really, this is the more scientific way)? 5. How are restriction enzymes named? ...
... 4. What’s another way to say ‘restriction enzyme’ (really, this is the more scientific way)? 5. How are restriction enzymes named? ...
revolution in evolution
... • Molecular mechanisms worked out for DNA replication and protein synthesis • Multiple methods invented to study genetic variation and evolution ...
... • Molecular mechanisms worked out for DNA replication and protein synthesis • Multiple methods invented to study genetic variation and evolution ...
A8xb1e3x8x1 (2)
... Write a random DNA sequence on a long strip of paper to represent an organism’s genome Have your partner write a short DNA sequence on a short strip of paper to represent a marker gene Using the chart provided, work with your partner to figure out how to insert the marker gene into the genome ...
... Write a random DNA sequence on a long strip of paper to represent an organism’s genome Have your partner write a short DNA sequence on a short strip of paper to represent a marker gene Using the chart provided, work with your partner to figure out how to insert the marker gene into the genome ...
DNA Packaging and Ch..
... chromosomes as it relates to DNA packaging, chromosome function and gene expression Necessary for future material on: Chromosome Variation, Regulation of Gene Expression DNA Packaging—Why and How • If the DNA in a typical human cell were stretched out, what length would it be? What is the diameter o ...
... chromosomes as it relates to DNA packaging, chromosome function and gene expression Necessary for future material on: Chromosome Variation, Regulation of Gene Expression DNA Packaging—Why and How • If the DNA in a typical human cell were stretched out, what length would it be? What is the diameter o ...
Whole genome shotgun sequencing
... If only normal oligo hybridizes---homozygous normal allele If only mutant oligo hybridizes --- homozygous mutant allele If both oligos hybridize --- heterozygous ...
... If only normal oligo hybridizes---homozygous normal allele If only mutant oligo hybridizes --- homozygous mutant allele If both oligos hybridize --- heterozygous ...
Answer all the questions Time allowed : 49 minutes 1. State two
... Each DNA molecule is formed from two complementary polynucleotide chains running anti-parallel to each other. In a polynucleotide chain, adjacent nucleotides are joined together by phosphodiester bridges . A phosphate gro up, a deoxyribose and a nitrogenous base join together to form a nucleotide. P ...
... Each DNA molecule is formed from two complementary polynucleotide chains running anti-parallel to each other. In a polynucleotide chain, adjacent nucleotides are joined together by phosphodiester bridges . A phosphate gro up, a deoxyribose and a nitrogenous base join together to form a nucleotide. P ...
Topic 11 DNA intro - Manhasset Public Schools
... Genetics, Heredity and DNA Structure Recall that the nucleus is a small organelle in a cell. There is only one in every cell, and it is often called the "control center" because it controls all the activities of the cell including cell reproduction, and heredity. How does it do this? The nucleus con ...
... Genetics, Heredity and DNA Structure Recall that the nucleus is a small organelle in a cell. There is only one in every cell, and it is often called the "control center" because it controls all the activities of the cell including cell reproduction, and heredity. How does it do this? The nucleus con ...
Comparative genomic hybridization
Comparative genomic hybridization is a molecular cytogenetic method for analysing copy number variations (CNVs) relative to ploidy level in the DNA of a test sample compared to a reference sample, without the need for culturing cells. The aim of this technique is to quickly and efficiently compare two genomic DNA samples arising from two sources, which are most often closely related, because it is suspected that they contain differences in terms of either gains or losses of either whole chromosomes or subchromosomal regions (a portion of a whole chromosome). This technique was originally developed for the evaluation of the differences between the chromosomal complements of solid tumor and normal tissue, and has an improved resoIution of 5-10 megabases compared to the more traditional cytogenetic analysis techniques of giemsa banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) which are limited by the resolution of the microscope utilized.This is achieved through the use of competitive fluorescence in situ hybridization. In short, this involves the isolation of DNA from the two sources to be compared, most commonly a test and reference source, independent labelling of each DNA sample with a different fluorophores (fluorescent molecules) of different colours (usually red and green), denaturation of the DNA so that it is single stranded, and the hybridization of the two resultant samples in a 1:1 ratio to a normal metaphase spread of chromosomes, to which the labelled DNA samples will bind at their locus of origin. Using a fluorescence microscope and computer software, the differentially coloured fluorescent signals are then compared along the length of each chromosome for identification of chromosomal differences between the two sources. A higher intensity of the test sample colour in a specific region of a chromosome indicates the gain of material of that region in the corresponding source sample, while a higher intensity of the reference sample colour indicates the loss of material in the test sample in that specific region. A neutral colour (yellow when the fluorophore labels are red and green) indicates no difference between the two samples in that location.CGH is only able to detect unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities. This is because balanced chromosomal abnormalities such as reciprocal translocations, inversions or ring chromosomes do not affect copy number, which is what is detected by CGH technologies. CGH does, however, allow for the exploration of all 46 human chromosomes in single test and the discovery of deletions and duplications, even on the microscopic scale which may lead to the identification of candidate genes to be further explored by other cytological techniques.Through the use of DNA microarrays in conjunction with CGH techniques, the more specific form of array CGH (aCGH) has been developed, allowing for a locus-by-locus measure of CNV with increased resolution as low as 100 kilobases. This improved technique allows for the aetiology of known and unknown conditions to be discovered.