Enhanced External Counterpulsation (EECP)
... the heart is in a state of relaxation and the resistance in the coronary arteries is at a minimum. The resulting increase in coronary artery perfusion pressure may enhance coronary collateral development or increase flow through existing collaterals. In addition, when the left ventricle contracts, i ...
... the heart is in a state of relaxation and the resistance in the coronary arteries is at a minimum. The resulting increase in coronary artery perfusion pressure may enhance coronary collateral development or increase flow through existing collaterals. In addition, when the left ventricle contracts, i ...
Differences in Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Leak Characteristics
... Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a complex clinical syndrome that can result from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood. There are two phenotypes of heart failure, systolic heart failure (SHF) and diastolic heart failure (DH ...
... Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a complex clinical syndrome that can result from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood. There are two phenotypes of heart failure, systolic heart failure (SHF) and diastolic heart failure (DH ...
Improvement in Cheyne-Stokes respiration following cardiac resynchronisation therapy
... patients whose left ventricular ejection fraction is ,40% [3–5]. Most CHF patients with CSR chronically hyperventilate due to stimulation of pulmonary vagal irritant receptors from pulmonary venous congestion secondary to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction [6, 7] and enhanced central and peripheral c ...
... patients whose left ventricular ejection fraction is ,40% [3–5]. Most CHF patients with CSR chronically hyperventilate due to stimulation of pulmonary vagal irritant receptors from pulmonary venous congestion secondary to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction [6, 7] and enhanced central and peripheral c ...
Antianginal (Anti-ischaemic) Drugs
... stable (exertional) angina by reducing the myocardial oxygen demand. Not for acute treatment! A slower heart rate improves coronary blood flow to the ischemic area. Beta blockers also reduce blood pressure, which in turn decreases myocardial workload and oxygen demand. Long term β blocker ther ...
... stable (exertional) angina by reducing the myocardial oxygen demand. Not for acute treatment! A slower heart rate improves coronary blood flow to the ischemic area. Beta blockers also reduce blood pressure, which in turn decreases myocardial workload and oxygen demand. Long term β blocker ther ...
Randomized controlled trial of home-based
... cardiac function, such as left ventricular ejection fraction, are unsatisfactory indicators of the efficacy of the effects of training on cardiac function [21]. Increases in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter at rest and at peak exercise [22–25] following exercise training have been demonstrate ...
... cardiac function, such as left ventricular ejection fraction, are unsatisfactory indicators of the efficacy of the effects of training on cardiac function [21]. Increases in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter at rest and at peak exercise [22–25] following exercise training have been demonstrate ...
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Does the Type of Diabetes Matter?
... cell growth, thus it has been suggested that cardiac hypertrophy in type 2 diabetes may result from hyperinsulinemia [21]. Some authors also argue that subclinical systolic dysfunction detectable by strain imaging may also be observed in many other conditions, including obesity, hypertension, and ev ...
... cell growth, thus it has been suggested that cardiac hypertrophy in type 2 diabetes may result from hyperinsulinemia [21]. Some authors also argue that subclinical systolic dysfunction detectable by strain imaging may also be observed in many other conditions, including obesity, hypertension, and ev ...
Absence of the aortic valve cusps with mitral atresia, normal left
... On admission the baby had mild respiratory distress (60 breaths/min), cyanosis, and a heart rate of 160 beats/min. The axillary and femoral pulses were normal. He had a systolic-diastolic murmur that was heard best at the left upper sternal edge. Blood pressure was 70/40 mm Hg. The liver was not enl ...
... On admission the baby had mild respiratory distress (60 breaths/min), cyanosis, and a heart rate of 160 beats/min. The axillary and femoral pulses were normal. He had a systolic-diastolic murmur that was heard best at the left upper sternal edge. Blood pressure was 70/40 mm Hg. The liver was not enl ...
Epicardial cyst- a case report
... OPERATION A left anterolateral thoracotomy was performed through the fifth intercostal space. The pericardium was healthy and was opened in front of the phrenic nerve. The pericardial cavity contained a little clear fluid and a large, tense, unilocular, thinwalled cyst displacing the heart to the ri ...
... OPERATION A left anterolateral thoracotomy was performed through the fifth intercostal space. The pericardium was healthy and was opened in front of the phrenic nerve. The pericardial cavity contained a little clear fluid and a large, tense, unilocular, thinwalled cyst displacing the heart to the ri ...
Circulation and the design of cardiovascular (CV
... system (heart, vessels, blood pressure, control, hemostasis). This first lecture will introduce the cardiovascular (CV) topic and discuss the heart as a pump. ! The sections for this lecture are:! Introduction to the CV system ...
... system (heart, vessels, blood pressure, control, hemostasis). This first lecture will introduce the cardiovascular (CV) topic and discuss the heart as a pump. ! The sections for this lecture are:! Introduction to the CV system ...
Echocardiography Cardio
... blood flow. This gives haemodynamic information regarding the heart and blood vessels. It can be used to measure the severity of valvular narrowing (stenosis), to detect valvular leakage (regurgitation) and can show intracardiac shunts such as ventricular septal defects (VSDs) and atrial defects (AS ...
... blood flow. This gives haemodynamic information regarding the heart and blood vessels. It can be used to measure the severity of valvular narrowing (stenosis), to detect valvular leakage (regurgitation) and can show intracardiac shunts such as ventricular septal defects (VSDs) and atrial defects (AS ...
conduction-sinus-atrial
... Atrial rate of 250 - 350 beats / min Originating from a single ectopic focus ...
... Atrial rate of 250 - 350 beats / min Originating from a single ectopic focus ...
Advances in congestive heart failure management - Area
... examination as well as from electrocardiogram and chest radiograph may provide valuable clues as to whether CHF is the cause of symptoms, but additional diagnostic tests, including echocardiography, may be required to obtain a more definite diagnosis (20). However, a helpful history may not be obtai ...
... examination as well as from electrocardiogram and chest radiograph may provide valuable clues as to whether CHF is the cause of symptoms, but additional diagnostic tests, including echocardiography, may be required to obtain a more definite diagnosis (20). However, a helpful history may not be obtai ...
Metabolic aspects of cardiac arrhythmias
... Cardiac arrhythmias are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with cardiac diseases. Sudden death due to ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation (VT/VF) in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and heart failure (HF) is a frequent cause of premature death. Another rec ...
... Cardiac arrhythmias are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with cardiac diseases. Sudden death due to ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation (VT/VF) in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and heart failure (HF) is a frequent cause of premature death. Another rec ...
Biventricular Pacemakers (Cardiac
... The 2013 ACC/AHA guideline is accompanied by a review of the evidence, which states that more than 4000 patients have been evaluated in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and that these trials have established that cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in this patient population improves function ...
... The 2013 ACC/AHA guideline is accompanied by a review of the evidence, which states that more than 4000 patients have been evaluated in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and that these trials have established that cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in this patient population improves function ...
SEX DIFFERENCES IN DIAMETER OF THE CORONARY SINUS
... Diameter of the coronary sinus ostium is important in the designing of cannulation devices used in cardiac resynchronization therapy and percutaneous mitral valve annuloplasty. Population variation of the diameter may account for the failure rate of these procedures. Studies of the coronary sinus os ...
... Diameter of the coronary sinus ostium is important in the designing of cannulation devices used in cardiac resynchronization therapy and percutaneous mitral valve annuloplasty. Population variation of the diameter may account for the failure rate of these procedures. Studies of the coronary sinus os ...
Breaking It Gently: A Rare Case of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular
... symptoms and diminished discharge of her cardiac device. Her recent hospital admission was due to palpitations and intracardiac device firing which she felt. She denied chest pain however she had mild dizziness and lightheadedness. She was noted to have sustained VT (Figure 2). Her blood pressure ha ...
... symptoms and diminished discharge of her cardiac device. Her recent hospital admission was due to palpitations and intracardiac device firing which she felt. She denied chest pain however she had mild dizziness and lightheadedness. She was noted to have sustained VT (Figure 2). Her blood pressure ha ...
Ann Thorac Surg
... Preoperatively impaired ventricular function and elevated pulmonary artery pressures have an adverse influence on both early and late outcome. Long-term viability after the creation of a Fontan circulatory arrangement is most dependent on maintenance of sinus rhythm, the behavior of the pulmonary va ...
... Preoperatively impaired ventricular function and elevated pulmonary artery pressures have an adverse influence on both early and late outcome. Long-term viability after the creation of a Fontan circulatory arrangement is most dependent on maintenance of sinus rhythm, the behavior of the pulmonary va ...
Digoxin in heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias
... and shorter studies of digoxin withdrawal in patients with stable heart failure: the PROVED10 and RADIANCE11 trials. In both studies, withdrawal of digoxin was associated with a decline in exercise capacity, deterioration in left ventricular systolic function, and significantly increased risk of hos ...
... and shorter studies of digoxin withdrawal in patients with stable heart failure: the PROVED10 and RADIANCE11 trials. In both studies, withdrawal of digoxin was associated with a decline in exercise capacity, deterioration in left ventricular systolic function, and significantly increased risk of hos ...
as a PDF
... clear whether it is a direct systemic effect (Jaffee & Jaffee, 1989) or a result of hypoperfusion and therefore decreased tissue metabolism. Chronic administration in dose used by Clark et al. (199 1) and in the present study decreases significantly heart rate, systolic blood pressure, ventricular d ...
... clear whether it is a direct systemic effect (Jaffee & Jaffee, 1989) or a result of hypoperfusion and therefore decreased tissue metabolism. Chronic administration in dose used by Clark et al. (199 1) and in the present study decreases significantly heart rate, systolic blood pressure, ventricular d ...
2. Model of care for Chronic Cardiac Patients
... worsening. Individualized strategies were used to improve treatment adherence and to empower patients to manage health problems (i.e. diuretic self-adjustment). All this process was supported by using a teaching brochure developed by the study investigators. The patient was discharged home by the re ...
... worsening. Individualized strategies were used to improve treatment adherence and to empower patients to manage health problems (i.e. diuretic self-adjustment). All this process was supported by using a teaching brochure developed by the study investigators. The patient was discharged home by the re ...
ABSORPTION FROM THE PERICARDIAL CAVITY
... with fat. We have never found lymphatics in the thin, transparent pericardium, though they are abundant in the fatty tissue at the base of the heart and where lines of fat extend down upon the pericardium. They drain into several small nodes embedded in the basal cardiac tissue. It is quite possible ...
... with fat. We have never found lymphatics in the thin, transparent pericardium, though they are abundant in the fatty tissue at the base of the heart and where lines of fat extend down upon the pericardium. They drain into several small nodes embedded in the basal cardiac tissue. It is quite possible ...
Chapter 1 - Molecular Basis of Cardiac - SciTech Connect
... the zebrafish swirl mutant has a less severe phenotype than the Smad6-injected Xenopus embryo. Perhaps unsurprisingly, cardia bifida is almost always incompatible with life. One case report, however, has described an infant who survived with cardia bifida in which each half heart showed characterist ...
... the zebrafish swirl mutant has a less severe phenotype than the Smad6-injected Xenopus embryo. Perhaps unsurprisingly, cardia bifida is almost always incompatible with life. One case report, however, has described an infant who survived with cardia bifida in which each half heart showed characterist ...
Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated With Ventricular
... ischemia may protect the heart from a subsequent prolonged infarction. Several observations have proved that pre-conditioning occurs in cardiac patients, for example, during coronary angioplasty and coronary bypass graft surgery, and so it is regarded as a promising approach to reducing infarct size ...
... ischemia may protect the heart from a subsequent prolonged infarction. Several observations have proved that pre-conditioning occurs in cardiac patients, for example, during coronary angioplasty and coronary bypass graft surgery, and so it is regarded as a promising approach to reducing infarct size ...
Heart failure
Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The terms chronic heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are often used interchangeably with congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature.Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excess alcohol use, infection, and cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause. These cause heart failure by changing either the structure or the functioning of the heart. There are two main types of heart failure: heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on if the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected, or the heart's ability to relax. The severity of disease is usually graded by the degree of problems with exercise. Heart failure is not the same as myocardial infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia and thyroid disease.The condition is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical exercise, and dietary changes, as well as medications. In those with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers along with beta blockers are recommended. For those with severe disease, aldosterone antagonists, or hydralazine plus a nitrate may be used. Diuretics are useful for preventing fluid retention. Sometimes, depending on the cause, an implanted device such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator may be recommended. In some moderate or severe cases cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be suggested or cardiac contractility modulation may be of benefit. A ventricular assist device or occasionally a heart transplant may be recommended in those with severe disease despite all other measures.Heart failure is a common, costly, and potentially fatal condition. In developed countries, around 2% of adults have heart failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. In the year after diagnosis the risk of death is about 35% after which it decreases to below 10% each year. This is similar to the risks with a number of types of cancer. In the United Kingdom the disease is the reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions. Heart failure has been known since ancient times with the Ebers papyrus commenting on it around 1550 BCE.