Atrial fibrillation
... • Hypertension (high blood pressure) • Pulmonary embolism Less common causes: • Hyperthyroidism • Pericarditis • Viral infection In at least 10 percent of the cases, no underlying heart disease is found. In these cases, atrial fibrillation may be related to alcohol or excessive caffeine use, stress, ...
... • Hypertension (high blood pressure) • Pulmonary embolism Less common causes: • Hyperthyroidism • Pericarditis • Viral infection In at least 10 percent of the cases, no underlying heart disease is found. In these cases, atrial fibrillation may be related to alcohol or excessive caffeine use, stress, ...
AHA Journals PDF
... increased risk for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.1,2 It may be a marker for poor health or it may be an etiologic factor, representing a disturbance of autonomic function that increases risk for cardiac events. Short-term increases in particle air pollution have been associated with increas ...
... increased risk for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity.1,2 It may be a marker for poor health or it may be an etiologic factor, representing a disturbance of autonomic function that increases risk for cardiac events. Short-term increases in particle air pollution have been associated with increas ...
Heart rhythms - British Heart Foundation
... The term ‘palpitations’ is often used to describe the sensation of feeling your own heart beating. Some people say that having palpitations feels like a fluttering in their chest, or their heart pounding. Others describe it as feeling like a thud or movement in their chest. Some say they feel their ...
... The term ‘palpitations’ is often used to describe the sensation of feeling your own heart beating. Some people say that having palpitations feels like a fluttering in their chest, or their heart pounding. Others describe it as feeling like a thud or movement in their chest. Some say they feel their ...
ECG-correlated imaging of the heart with subsecond
... the rebinned data obtained from opposite views. The numbers m at the top count the simultaneously measured slices m 1; 1 1 1 ; M . The figure is drawn for M = 4; p = 3=7 0:43, and f t = 3=4. Tick marks at the z -axis are spaced by the table feed d, and tick marks at the four temporal axes are sepa ...
... the rebinned data obtained from opposite views. The numbers m at the top count the simultaneously measured slices m 1; 1 1 1 ; M . The figure is drawn for M = 4; p = 3=7 0:43, and f t = 3=4. Tick marks at the z -axis are spaced by the table feed d, and tick marks at the four temporal axes are sepa ...
ardiovascular-system - bloodhounds Incorporated
... the Heart Equal volumes of blood pumped to pulmonary and systemic circuits Pulmonary circuit short, low-pressure circulation Systemic circuit long, high-friction circulation Anatomy of ventricles reflects differences Left ventricle walls 3X thicker than right Pumps with greater pressure ...
... the Heart Equal volumes of blood pumped to pulmonary and systemic circuits Pulmonary circuit short, low-pressure circulation Systemic circuit long, high-friction circulation Anatomy of ventricles reflects differences Left ventricle walls 3X thicker than right Pumps with greater pressure ...
Sample Chapter - Oncology Nursing Society
... Transthoracic echocardiography: This is an initial noninvasive screening tool for assessing gross cardiac structure and function. However, it is not very sensitive for cardiac tumors because it can often miss structures in the posterior of the atrium and ventricles. The tumor has similar visual char ...
... Transthoracic echocardiography: This is an initial noninvasive screening tool for assessing gross cardiac structure and function. However, it is not very sensitive for cardiac tumors because it can often miss structures in the posterior of the atrium and ventricles. The tumor has similar visual char ...
Jump up
... a sensitive but nonspecific marker for inflammation. Elevated CRP blood levels, especially measured with high-sensitivity assays, can predict the risk of MI, as well as stroke and development of diabetes.[47] Moreover, some drugs for MI might also reduce CRP levels.[47]The use of high-sensitivity CR ...
... a sensitive but nonspecific marker for inflammation. Elevated CRP blood levels, especially measured with high-sensitivity assays, can predict the risk of MI, as well as stroke and development of diabetes.[47] Moreover, some drugs for MI might also reduce CRP levels.[47]The use of high-sensitivity CR ...
View Article
... dissecting aortic aneurysmda medical emergency.2 When assessing a patient for cardiac problems, it is important for the perioperative nurse to understand that women’s cardiac symptoms often differ from what men report.3 For example, women may report vague nontypical symptoms such as ...
... dissecting aortic aneurysmda medical emergency.2 When assessing a patient for cardiac problems, it is important for the perioperative nurse to understand that women’s cardiac symptoms often differ from what men report.3 For example, women may report vague nontypical symptoms such as ...
Intracardiac flow separation in Python
... opened by a ventral incision. The left atrium was accessed through the common pulmonary vein that drains both lungs, whereas the right atrium was accessed through the hepatic vein; all other systemic veins were ligated. Both the right aortic arch (RAo) and the left aortic arch (LAo) were cannulated, ...
... opened by a ventral incision. The left atrium was accessed through the common pulmonary vein that drains both lungs, whereas the right atrium was accessed through the hepatic vein; all other systemic veins were ligated. Both the right aortic arch (RAo) and the left aortic arch (LAo) were cannulated, ...
Pulmonary valve replacement after surgical repair
... mechanisms in the right ventricle. However, studies have shown that chronic PR correlates with decreased exercise performance11,12 and right ventricular dysfunction.5,13 Owing to the low surgical mortality of PVR (Table 27,14,15), currently most symptomatic patients are offered PVR. For asymptomatic ...
... mechanisms in the right ventricle. However, studies have shown that chronic PR correlates with decreased exercise performance11,12 and right ventricular dysfunction.5,13 Owing to the low surgical mortality of PVR (Table 27,14,15), currently most symptomatic patients are offered PVR. For asymptomatic ...
2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Congress
... CCC ACCREDITED SYMPOSIUM REDESIGNING CARE THROUGH A HEART TEAM APPROACH ...
... CCC ACCREDITED SYMPOSIUM REDESIGNING CARE THROUGH A HEART TEAM APPROACH ...
EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY
... All our presented cases have diagnosed left ventricular hypertrophy by echocardiography. Recently, an algorithm has been proposed in order to detect conditions with increased risk for sudden cardiac death [9]. The initial step is detailed history with focus on palpitations, chest pain, dyspnoe and s ...
... All our presented cases have diagnosed left ventricular hypertrophy by echocardiography. Recently, an algorithm has been proposed in order to detect conditions with increased risk for sudden cardiac death [9]. The initial step is detailed history with focus on palpitations, chest pain, dyspnoe and s ...
Role of Structural Barriers in the Mechanism of Alternans
... produced by a 10x2 mm epicardial laser-lesion. In controls, APD alternated in phase at all ventricular sites above a critical heart rate, i.e. concordant alternans. Also, above a faster critical heart rate threshold, APD alternated with opposite phase between sites, i.e. discordant alternans. In con ...
... produced by a 10x2 mm epicardial laser-lesion. In controls, APD alternated in phase at all ventricular sites above a critical heart rate, i.e. concordant alternans. Also, above a faster critical heart rate threshold, APD alternated with opposite phase between sites, i.e. discordant alternans. In con ...
Left Circumflex to Coronary Sinus Fistula
... CAF is a rare congenital anomaly accounting for less than 0.5% of all cardiac anomalies. A CAF is defined as a direct connection between a coronary artery with right heart chambers including the right atrium, right ventricle, coronary sinus, superior vena cava, or pulmonary arteries. Although a sing ...
... CAF is a rare congenital anomaly accounting for less than 0.5% of all cardiac anomalies. A CAF is defined as a direct connection between a coronary artery with right heart chambers including the right atrium, right ventricle, coronary sinus, superior vena cava, or pulmonary arteries. Although a sing ...
Loeffler Endocarditis_ Background, Pathophysiology
... Endomyocardial damage in Loeffler endocarditis is well known and described in a study by Solley and associates.[10] Myocardial involvement is less well known and has been considered a manifestation of an acute necrotic stage of eosinophilic endomyocardial disease, as reported by Olsen and colleagues ...
... Endomyocardial damage in Loeffler endocarditis is well known and described in a study by Solley and associates.[10] Myocardial involvement is less well known and has been considered a manifestation of an acute necrotic stage of eosinophilic endomyocardial disease, as reported by Olsen and colleagues ...
Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk
... sudden death may be associated with the intra-arterial course of the ectopic artery, narrowing of the coronary ostium, coronary artery spasm or arrhythmia secondary to minor ischaemic events.2 Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is present in the most comm ...
... sudden death may be associated with the intra-arterial course of the ectopic artery, narrowing of the coronary ostium, coronary artery spasm or arrhythmia secondary to minor ischaemic events.2 Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is present in the most comm ...
Hemodynamics and Ventricular Function in the Day-12 Rat
... its dP/dt in the study of norepinephrine (n = 8) and acetylstrophanthidin (n = 6), blood pressure (n = 6) and the outflow velocity (n = 8) in the study of atrial natriuretic peptide, and all of these measurements in the study of isoproterenol (total n = 20). The blood flow velocity at the outflow tr ...
... its dP/dt in the study of norepinephrine (n = 8) and acetylstrophanthidin (n = 6), blood pressure (n = 6) and the outflow velocity (n = 8) in the study of atrial natriuretic peptide, and all of these measurements in the study of isoproterenol (total n = 20). The blood flow velocity at the outflow tr ...
Right ventricle - Anatomy and Physiology
... • Heart Disease – Coronary Artery Disease • Angina pectoris • In its most common form, a temporary ischemia develops when the workload of the heart increases • Although the individual may feel comfortable at rest, exertion or emotional stress can produce a sensation of pressure, chest constriction, ...
... • Heart Disease – Coronary Artery Disease • Angina pectoris • In its most common form, a temporary ischemia develops when the workload of the heart increases • Although the individual may feel comfortable at rest, exertion or emotional stress can produce a sensation of pressure, chest constriction, ...
Pulmonary Artery Pressure and Right Ventricular Function during
... population selected presented low pretest probability for the development of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia The exclusion criteria were the following: intermediate or high pretest probability of coronary artery disease (previous angina, history of a positive functional test or electrocardiogra ...
... population selected presented low pretest probability for the development of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia The exclusion criteria were the following: intermediate or high pretest probability of coronary artery disease (previous angina, history of a positive functional test or electrocardiogra ...
Auto-servoventilation in heart failure with sleep apnoea: a randomised controlled trial
... Attended daytime IPS titration was stopped when a pressure of 10 cmH2O was reached or if mean BP was ,60 mmHg or a drop of .15 mmHg occurred or the patient did not tolerate IPS. On the night of ASV initiation, the expiratory positive airway pressure of the ASV device was set to the CPAP determined d ...
... Attended daytime IPS titration was stopped when a pressure of 10 cmH2O was reached or if mean BP was ,60 mmHg or a drop of .15 mmHg occurred or the patient did not tolerate IPS. On the night of ASV initiation, the expiratory positive airway pressure of the ASV device was set to the CPAP determined d ...
LATE DEVELOPMENT AND PARTITIONING OF THE HEART
... • Development of the primitive heart with a single atrium and ventricle, into the typical four-chambered structure occurs between the fourth and seventh weeks by formation of interatrial and interventricular septa • Many congenital heart problems can develop during this crucial time ...
... • Development of the primitive heart with a single atrium and ventricle, into the typical four-chambered structure occurs between the fourth and seventh weeks by formation of interatrial and interventricular septa • Many congenital heart problems can develop during this crucial time ...
International Cardiovascular Research Journal
... after PMV were found to be the severity of mitral regurgitation and a higher echo score (Table 2)14,15. Cardiac surgery during pregnancy is associated with high fetal and neonatal mortality of 20 to 40%.11,16 Performing PMV instead of surgery during pregnancy leads to a significant reduction in feta ...
... after PMV were found to be the severity of mitral regurgitation and a higher echo score (Table 2)14,15. Cardiac surgery during pregnancy is associated with high fetal and neonatal mortality of 20 to 40%.11,16 Performing PMV instead of surgery during pregnancy leads to a significant reduction in feta ...
Left Atrial Functional Reserve in Patients With Nonischemic Dilated
... Association functional class III. Diagnosis of DCM was based on the echocardiographic findings of a dilated left ventricle (left ventricular end-diastolic diameter [LVEDD] ⬎ 60 mm) with severely affected systolic function, left ventricular fractional shortening [LVFS] ⬍ 20%, and left ventricular eje ...
... Association functional class III. Diagnosis of DCM was based on the echocardiographic findings of a dilated left ventricle (left ventricular end-diastolic diameter [LVEDD] ⬎ 60 mm) with severely affected systolic function, left ventricular fractional shortening [LVFS] ⬍ 20%, and left ventricular eje ...
the Frank-Starling Mechanism
... hearts. The relation between muscle length and developed tension in cardiac muscle represents the basis of Starling's law of the heart.3 The dependence of developed tension on muscle length arises from several causes, the most important of which is supposed to be a length-dependent activation of car ...
... hearts. The relation between muscle length and developed tension in cardiac muscle represents the basis of Starling's law of the heart.3 The dependence of developed tension on muscle length arises from several causes, the most important of which is supposed to be a length-dependent activation of car ...
Enhanced External Counterpulsation (EECP)
... the heart is in a state of relaxation and the resistance in the coronary arteries is at a minimum. The resulting increase in coronary artery perfusion pressure may enhance coronary collateral development or increase flow through existing collaterals. In addition, when the left ventricle contracts, i ...
... the heart is in a state of relaxation and the resistance in the coronary arteries is at a minimum. The resulting increase in coronary artery perfusion pressure may enhance coronary collateral development or increase flow through existing collaterals. In addition, when the left ventricle contracts, i ...
Heart failure
Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The terms chronic heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are often used interchangeably with congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature.Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excess alcohol use, infection, and cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause. These cause heart failure by changing either the structure or the functioning of the heart. There are two main types of heart failure: heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on if the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected, or the heart's ability to relax. The severity of disease is usually graded by the degree of problems with exercise. Heart failure is not the same as myocardial infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia and thyroid disease.The condition is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical exercise, and dietary changes, as well as medications. In those with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers along with beta blockers are recommended. For those with severe disease, aldosterone antagonists, or hydralazine plus a nitrate may be used. Diuretics are useful for preventing fluid retention. Sometimes, depending on the cause, an implanted device such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator may be recommended. In some moderate or severe cases cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be suggested or cardiac contractility modulation may be of benefit. A ventricular assist device or occasionally a heart transplant may be recommended in those with severe disease despite all other measures.Heart failure is a common, costly, and potentially fatal condition. In developed countries, around 2% of adults have heart failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. In the year after diagnosis the risk of death is about 35% after which it decreases to below 10% each year. This is similar to the risks with a number of types of cancer. In the United Kingdom the disease is the reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions. Heart failure has been known since ancient times with the Ebers papyrus commenting on it around 1550 BCE.