Exercise at the Extremes
... are essential to maximally benefit from exercise interventions. This document summarizes available evidence on the relationship between the exercise volume and risk reductions in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, the risks and benefits of moderate- versus high-intensity exercise int ...
... are essential to maximally benefit from exercise interventions. This document summarizes available evidence on the relationship between the exercise volume and risk reductions in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, the risks and benefits of moderate- versus high-intensity exercise int ...
Fetal cardiac abnormalities identified prior to 14 weeks` gestation
... heart is feasible considerably earlier than an examination at 18 –20 weeks that was usual during the 1980s and early 1990s. Some institutions have predominantly used a transvaginal approach6–9 and others a transabdominal approach10 –12 with similar success. It has been our own recent practice to off ...
... heart is feasible considerably earlier than an examination at 18 –20 weeks that was usual during the 1980s and early 1990s. Some institutions have predominantly used a transvaginal approach6–9 and others a transabdominal approach10 –12 with similar success. It has been our own recent practice to off ...
Complex Supracardiac Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous
... in the main pulmonary artery, 60/39 mmHg in the left pulmonary artery, and 70/44 mmHg in the right pulmonary artery. A selective right pulmonary arteriogram ...
... in the main pulmonary artery, 60/39 mmHg in the left pulmonary artery, and 70/44 mmHg in the right pulmonary artery. A selective right pulmonary arteriogram ...
Correlation between Pulmonary Vascular Resistance and Some
... indexes (left ventricle diastolic function and Systolic Pulmonary Arterial Pressure (SPAP)) were measured echocardiographically and analyzed using a linear regression test. The relationship between the right ventricular Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (TAPSE) index and the mean PVR index ...
... indexes (left ventricle diastolic function and Systolic Pulmonary Arterial Pressure (SPAP)) were measured echocardiographically and analyzed using a linear regression test. The relationship between the right ventricular Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (TAPSE) index and the mean PVR index ...
Cardiac murmurs - Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
... Turbulent flow in the heart or in the large vessels adjacent to the heart causes sounds of longer duration, termed cardiac murmurs. Both high velocity and low viscosity of the blood can cause murmurs, as well as flow from a narrow diameter area into a larger area. In a healthy animal, the blood flow ...
... Turbulent flow in the heart or in the large vessels adjacent to the heart causes sounds of longer duration, termed cardiac murmurs. Both high velocity and low viscosity of the blood can cause murmurs, as well as flow from a narrow diameter area into a larger area. In a healthy animal, the blood flow ...
Heart rate within male crayfish
... The cue that a visual interaction had begun between the crayfish is that, when facing each other, HR gradually increases as does the EMG activity, even though the crayfish are remaining still. Once one crayfish has realized that another is present, it becomes likely that they will physically interac ...
... The cue that a visual interaction had begun between the crayfish is that, when facing each other, HR gradually increases as does the EMG activity, even though the crayfish are remaining still. Once one crayfish has realized that another is present, it becomes likely that they will physically interac ...
Spontaneous baroreflex control of cardiac output during dynamic
... rapid spontaneous changes in blood pressure decreases during exercise as workload rises (3, 14, 23, 31). The reduction of baroreflex HR sensitivity during exercise is thought to be associated with vagal withdrawal, inasmuch as these rapid baroreflex changes in HR are mediated by changes in parasympa ...
... rapid spontaneous changes in blood pressure decreases during exercise as workload rises (3, 14, 23, 31). The reduction of baroreflex HR sensitivity during exercise is thought to be associated with vagal withdrawal, inasmuch as these rapid baroreflex changes in HR are mediated by changes in parasympa ...
Effect of Parameter Variations on the Hemodynamic
... model. Under 0% pump support (baseline condition), increasing Rsa increases Pao while reducing SV, leading to a decrease in CO. During pump assist, the rate of increase in Pao and CO with increasing ω was not significantly varied by Rsa under the VE state. Compared to the VE state, the rate of chang ...
... model. Under 0% pump support (baseline condition), increasing Rsa increases Pao while reducing SV, leading to a decrease in CO. During pump assist, the rate of increase in Pao and CO with increasing ω was not significantly varied by Rsa under the VE state. Compared to the VE state, the rate of chang ...
Valvular Heart Disease
... sies showed that 6.3% of patients at autopsy had valvular heart disease, 49% involving the mitral valve, 42% the aortic valve, 9% the tricuspid valve, and 0.3% the pulmonic valve.3 A study of patients over 65 years old found that aortic stenosis was present in 2% overall, with a twofold increase in ...
... sies showed that 6.3% of patients at autopsy had valvular heart disease, 49% involving the mitral valve, 42% the aortic valve, 9% the tricuspid valve, and 0.3% the pulmonic valve.3 A study of patients over 65 years old found that aortic stenosis was present in 2% overall, with a twofold increase in ...
Health‐related quality of life, depression, sleep and breathing disorders in the elderly. With focus on those with impaired systolic
... HF is a complex syndrome and many different definitions exist 2, but one common definition describes HF as: “A pathophysiological state in which an abnormality of cardiac functioning is responsible for the failure of the heart to pump blood at a rate commensurate with the requirements of the metabol ...
... HF is a complex syndrome and many different definitions exist 2, but one common definition describes HF as: “A pathophysiological state in which an abnormality of cardiac functioning is responsible for the failure of the heart to pump blood at a rate commensurate with the requirements of the metabol ...
Ventricular Tachycardia in Structurally Normal Hearts: Recognition
... of wide S wave in left lateral leads which rules out a true RBBB), ST elevation in right precordial leads (V1-V3), normal QT interval, absence of structural heart disease, life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia (polymorphic VT) and a family history of sudden death. 33,34 Two types of ST elevation have ...
... of wide S wave in left lateral leads which rules out a true RBBB), ST elevation in right precordial leads (V1-V3), normal QT interval, absence of structural heart disease, life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia (polymorphic VT) and a family history of sudden death. 33,34 Two types of ST elevation have ...
Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Perioperative
... Decompensation in patients with pulmonary hypertension is relatively common and frequently lethal. The principal reason is that under normal circumstances the right ventricular myocardium is perfused by the right coronary arteries all through systole as well as all through diastole. In patients with ...
... Decompensation in patients with pulmonary hypertension is relatively common and frequently lethal. The principal reason is that under normal circumstances the right ventricular myocardium is perfused by the right coronary arteries all through systole as well as all through diastole. In patients with ...
Myocarditis in Infants and Children
... Myocarditis in Infants and Children Guideline of the German Society of Pediatric Cardiology ...
... Myocarditis in Infants and Children Guideline of the German Society of Pediatric Cardiology ...
Echocardiographic Variables After Left Ventricular Assist Device
... patient outcome beyond this period. We postulated that the presence of echocardiographic variables 1 month after surgery suggesting appropriate degree of LV unloading and an adequate forward flow would be important in determining clinical outcomes after the initial successful LVAD implantation. Meth ...
... patient outcome beyond this period. We postulated that the presence of echocardiographic variables 1 month after surgery suggesting appropriate degree of LV unloading and an adequate forward flow would be important in determining clinical outcomes after the initial successful LVAD implantation. Meth ...
Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring
... tissues. Under certain physiological conditions, which can range from illness to exercise, the normal heart should compensate to meet the demands placed upon it. ...
... tissues. Under certain physiological conditions, which can range from illness to exercise, the normal heart should compensate to meet the demands placed upon it. ...
Full Text - Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal
... PubMed and ITM. In this review study specific data related to the subject among all referral ITM texts was extracted from original and authentic medical ancient books such as Hakim Azam Khan, Ibn e Sina, Hakim Arzani and other famous scientists. Palpitation has been selected from the traditional med ...
... PubMed and ITM. In this review study specific data related to the subject among all referral ITM texts was extracted from original and authentic medical ancient books such as Hakim Azam Khan, Ibn e Sina, Hakim Arzani and other famous scientists. Palpitation has been selected from the traditional med ...
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants with Hypoplastic Left
... Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common of all birth defects and is the leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality (American Heart Association, 2010). Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is 100% fatal without palliation. Despite increased survival, since a surgical stra ...
... Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common of all birth defects and is the leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality (American Heart Association, 2010). Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is 100% fatal without palliation. Despite increased survival, since a surgical stra ...
Therapeutic Embolization of Anomalous Systemic Arterial Supply to
... these anomalous arteries documented that the walls had elastic laminae within their medium but not muscular, unlike bronchial arteries. Such a wall could not stand the high pressure of systemic artery.9 This might explain the etiology of hemoptysis in the anomalous systemic arterial supply to the no ...
... these anomalous arteries documented that the walls had elastic laminae within their medium but not muscular, unlike bronchial arteries. Such a wall could not stand the high pressure of systemic artery.9 This might explain the etiology of hemoptysis in the anomalous systemic arterial supply to the no ...
Molecular Mechanisms of Myocardial Remodeling
... C. Clinical Setting and Treatment Cardiac remodeling after MI is accompanied by a progressive decline in ejection fraction over time, which suggests that CR, in this condition, would be better quantitated by measuring the LV ejection fraction (89, 148). In hypertensive cardiopathy, there is a consis ...
... C. Clinical Setting and Treatment Cardiac remodeling after MI is accompanied by a progressive decline in ejection fraction over time, which suggests that CR, in this condition, would be better quantitated by measuring the LV ejection fraction (89, 148). In hypertensive cardiopathy, there is a consis ...
HEART AND CIRCULATORY SYSTEM II
... 2) Know the derivation of the great vessels. 3) Explain the structural and functional design of the fetal circulation. 4) Discuss origin of some well known cardiac malformations. REVIEW: (Figs. 7-1, 7-2) The single common atrium is incompletely divided into a right and left atrium. The superior vena ...
... 2) Know the derivation of the great vessels. 3) Explain the structural and functional design of the fetal circulation. 4) Discuss origin of some well known cardiac malformations. REVIEW: (Figs. 7-1, 7-2) The single common atrium is incompletely divided into a right and left atrium. The superior vena ...
Standards for the use of cardiopulmonary exercise testing
... defined as the highest VO2, averaged over a 20 to 30-s period, achieved at presumed maximal effort during an incremental exercise test, and may or may not be equal to VO2max, even if available evidence suggests that these two concepts are substantially analogous [31]. In any case, peakVO2 describes ...
... defined as the highest VO2, averaged over a 20 to 30-s period, achieved at presumed maximal effort during an incremental exercise test, and may or may not be equal to VO2max, even if available evidence suggests that these two concepts are substantially analogous [31]. In any case, peakVO2 describes ...
Association between Normal Aging and Phasic Left Atrial Volume as
... LAVmax, LAVmin and LAVpreA were increased, but total, active and passive LA ejection were decreased. Changes in LA function may be secondary to LV myocardial fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction in these patients. In patients who suffered myocardial infarction with non-ST elevation, there were progres ...
... LAVmax, LAVmin and LAVpreA were increased, but total, active and passive LA ejection were decreased. Changes in LA function may be secondary to LV myocardial fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction in these patients. In patients who suffered myocardial infarction with non-ST elevation, there were progres ...
Basic science behind the cardiovascular benefits of exercise
... individuals, intensive and prolonged endurance training leads to cardiac remodelling mimicking parameters commonly observed in athletes.6 Athlete’s heart dogma suggests that endurance athletes present with eccentric hypertrophy, while athletes whose training is predominately resistance based present ...
... individuals, intensive and prolonged endurance training leads to cardiac remodelling mimicking parameters commonly observed in athletes.6 Athlete’s heart dogma suggests that endurance athletes present with eccentric hypertrophy, while athletes whose training is predominately resistance based present ...
CV/CV Surgery Booklet - MC5751-10
... in the development and application of new technology. The Echocardiography Laboratory has recently introduced a new modality—strain rate imaging—that is useful for detecting subtle myocardial dysfunction. In addition, this modality has been shown to be useful for selecting patients who will benefit ...
... in the development and application of new technology. The Echocardiography Laboratory has recently introduced a new modality—strain rate imaging—that is useful for detecting subtle myocardial dysfunction. In addition, this modality has been shown to be useful for selecting patients who will benefit ...
Heart failure
Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The terms chronic heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are often used interchangeably with congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature.Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excess alcohol use, infection, and cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause. These cause heart failure by changing either the structure or the functioning of the heart. There are two main types of heart failure: heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on if the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected, or the heart's ability to relax. The severity of disease is usually graded by the degree of problems with exercise. Heart failure is not the same as myocardial infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia and thyroid disease.The condition is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical exercise, and dietary changes, as well as medications. In those with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers along with beta blockers are recommended. For those with severe disease, aldosterone antagonists, or hydralazine plus a nitrate may be used. Diuretics are useful for preventing fluid retention. Sometimes, depending on the cause, an implanted device such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator may be recommended. In some moderate or severe cases cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be suggested or cardiac contractility modulation may be of benefit. A ventricular assist device or occasionally a heart transplant may be recommended in those with severe disease despite all other measures.Heart failure is a common, costly, and potentially fatal condition. In developed countries, around 2% of adults have heart failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. In the year after diagnosis the risk of death is about 35% after which it decreases to below 10% each year. This is similar to the risks with a number of types of cancer. In the United Kingdom the disease is the reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions. Heart failure has been known since ancient times with the Ebers papyrus commenting on it around 1550 BCE.