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Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System
Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System

... Describe the location of the heart in the body and identify its major anatomical areas on an appropriate model or diagram. Trace the pathway of blood through the heart. Compare the pulmonary and systemic circuits. Explain the operation of the heart valves. Name the functional blood supply of the hea ...
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Cardiovascular - San Juan College

... lipoproteins, and HDL, which is high-density lipoprotein. HDL is the “good cholesterol”, while LDL contributes to deposits of fat on artery walls, that leads to heart disease. People with the least chance of cardiovascular disease have a high HDL, the higher the HDL to the ratio of total cholesterol ...
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... Cardiovascular Disease Cardiovascular diseases account for almost one in every two deaths. ...
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Chapter 2 - Preventing Cardiovascular Disease

...  Obese people who have no other risk factors are still more likely to develop heart disease or stroke.  Fat that accumulates in the upper half of the body (central abdominal obesity) is significantly more likely to contribute to heart disease  A 5% to 10% weight loss that is maintained can signif ...
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Learning Objectives
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...  Identify/describe internal and external structures of the heart (cardiac cycle/conduction system)  Describe/explain the events during the cardiac cycle directly linked to the conduction system of the heart  Definitions/resting values for heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output  Describe/ex ...
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... ventricles to fill with blood  The heart is supplied with blood from coronary circulation after it has been ejected from the heart  Blood is so important to the heart that every muscle fiber is supplied by at least one ...
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HEALTHY - Colgate Professional

... Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a disease involving the heart and blood vessels. Heart disease and gum disease have several things in common. One of them is inflammation, which in the case of CVD narrows coronary arteries and in the case of severe gum disease breaks down the tissues that hold teeth ...
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Cardiovascular disease



Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.
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