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Understanding Evolution: Gene Selection vs. Group Selection
Understanding Evolution: Gene Selection vs. Group Selection

... evolutionary biologists began viewing genes as the fundamental unit of selection. Noted evolutionary theorist Richard Dawkins wrote the revolutionary, and now classic, book The SelÞsh Gene in 1976, explaining the new genetic view and making it more accessible to lay-people and scientists alike. ÒNai ...
Fundamental Concepts in Sociobiology
Fundamental Concepts in Sociobiology

... Preconditions for Reciprocal Altruism For reciprocal altruism to have come into existence, there are two necessary preconditions:  1. There has to be way of identifying ...
Exam 2 - philipdarrenjones.com
Exam 2 - philipdarrenjones.com

... number of generations. After several generations, 25% of the animals display a recessive trait (aa), the same percentage as at the beginning of the breeding program. The rest of the animals show the dominant phenotype, with heterozygotes indistinguishable from the homozygous dominants. What is the e ...
06_prughNS
06_prughNS

... ¼ ...
Fossil Record-Homologies-Mechanisms of Evolution
Fossil Record-Homologies-Mechanisms of Evolution

... – Each species in a clade shares some traits with the ancestor. – Each species in a clade has traits that have changed. ...
Evo Notes 2b
Evo Notes 2b

... The lion’s mane… • Females are attracted to males with larger, dark manes • Correlation with higher testosterone levels ...
Vector - Manhasset Public Schools
Vector - Manhasset Public Schools

... 2) What are the benefits to genetically modify plants and animals? 1)To make pesticide resistant plants. 2)GM plants can produce natural pesticide. 3)To increase vitamin content. ...
Chapter 23: The Evolution of Populations
Chapter 23: The Evolution of Populations

... Chapter 23: The Evolution of Populations Evolution Scientific theory Supported ...
Natural Selection - Nicholls State University
Natural Selection - Nicholls State University

... f andd complex l eye to one very imperfect and simple, each grade being useful to its ppossessor, can be shown to exist; iff further, f the eye y does varyy ever so slightly, and the variations be inherited, which is certainly the case; and if any variation or modification in the organ be ever usefu ...
Natural Selection - Nicholls State University
Natural Selection - Nicholls State University

... There is no goal. It produces adaptations for the present situation but cannot anticipate future environmental change. Natural selection works with variation in genes and phenotypes il bl now andd can only l change h h i frequencies. f i I can’t ’ go available their It back to the drawing board and ...
E - Reslife.net
E - Reslife.net

... • No! This stems from a misconception of the different definitions of the word “theory.” • Evolution is a scientific theory, which is an explanation or model based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning, especially one that has been tested and confirmed as a general principle helping to expl ...
Genetics and Evolution Question sheet Answer Key
Genetics and Evolution Question sheet Answer Key

... 1) When does genetic variation occur? - After a mutation 2) Why does natural selection only operate on an organism’s phenotype? - Because it is a trait that is visual and cannot be seen, invisible traits cannot be selected for 3) What is “the raw material for natural selection”? - Phenotype variatio ...
Biology Vocabulary
Biology Vocabulary

... Sexual reproduction between organisms within a small gene pool ...
statgen3
statgen3

... of fitness described by Darwin: family size. In each of these examples of natural selection certain phenotypes are better able than others to contribute their genes to the next generation. Thus, by Darwin's standards, they are more fit. The outcome is a gradual change in the gene frequencies in that ...
cummings and clegg - nucleotide sequence diversity at the
cummings and clegg - nucleotide sequence diversity at the

... 3. What does a significant deviation from Tajima’s D imply with regards to the neutrality of the evolution of a gene? 4. Describe the relationship between diversity and recombination? 5. What is the relationship between selection intensity and recombination on the breadth of selection sweep? What is ...
FoxP2
FoxP2

... Evolution Aspect and Scientific Background ...
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium and Evolution
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium and Evolution

... frequencies of alleles within a population • Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium: populations that do not undergo change to their gene pools are not presently evolving – frequency of alleles in that gene pool are constant over time – useful because it provides a "no change" baseline that makes it possible to ...
QUIZ 4on ch12.doc
QUIZ 4on ch12.doc

... 5. The Law of Segregation (Mendel) is best demonstrated using: a. a monohybrid cross. b. a dihybrid cross c. a testcross. d. a back cross. e. two recessive varieties of the gene under study. ...
Evolution - Canyon ISD
Evolution - Canyon ISD

... Natural selection -acts on phenotypes not individuals. Evolution acts on populations not individuals. ...
Variation and the Monohybrid Cross
Variation and the Monohybrid Cross

... • Final position of any one pair is random relative to any other • Second meiotic division brings about independent assortment of chromosomes • This may lead to new phenotypes in the next generation ...
variability exercise
variability exercise

... How similar do you think this gene sequence would be if you compared a bacterial gene to a mouse gene? ...
DISRUPTING GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM
DISRUPTING GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM

... Hardy-Weinberg Principles To stay in equilibrium:  No natural selection  No mutations  No gene flow  Infinitely large population  Mating is random ...
Cancer Research Project
Cancer Research Project

... ● What does the normal (functional) version of the gene do in the cell? ● What does the mutated version of the gene do that contributes to cancer? ● What cancers is the mutated version of the gene associated with? 4. Along with the answers to these questions, you should feel free to include as many ...
Sex & Death: Introduction to the Philosophy of Biology
Sex & Death: Introduction to the Philosophy of Biology

... Dawkins (1982, 83) and active replicator is: “any replicator whose nature has some influence over its probability of being copied” 3 Criteria needed for the invisibility argument: 1) A constant phenotypic effect 2) Excludes impostors like individual nucleotides 3) The phenotypic effect of genes make ...
Combination of Genes Notes
Combination of Genes Notes

... Name __________________ Date _______ Period ____ ...
< 1 ... 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 >

The Selfish Gene

The Selfish Gene is a book on evolution by Richard Dawkins, published in 1976. It builds upon the principal theory of George C. Williams's first book Adaptation and Natural Selection. Dawkins used the term ""selfish gene"" as a way of expressing the gene-centred view of evolution as opposed to the views focused on the organism and the group, popularising ideas developed during the 1960s by W. D. Hamilton and others. From the gene-centred view follows that the more two individuals are genetically related, the more sense (at the level of the genes) it makes for them to behave selflessly with each other. This should not be confused with misuse of the term along the lines of a selfishness gene.An organism is expected to evolve to maximise its inclusive fitness—the number of copies of its genes passed on globally (rather than by a particular individual). As a result, populations will tend towards an evolutionarily stable strategy. The book also coins the term meme for a unit of human cultural evolution analogous to the gene, suggesting that such ""selfish"" replication may also model human culture, in a different sense. Memetics has become the subject of many studies since the publication of the book.In the foreword to the book's 30th-anniversary edition, Dawkins said he ""can readily see that [the book's title] might give an inadequate impression of its contents"" and in retrospect thinks he should have taken Tom Maschler's advice and called the book The Immortal Gene.
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