CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HETEROKARYOTIC AND
... characteristics of the fungus. Heterokaryons growing on minimal medium spontaneously give rise to fast-growing sectors that have the genetic properties expected of unstable heterozygous diploids. In fast-growing sectors, most hyphal tip cells are unstable prototrophs. The conidia collected from fast ...
... characteristics of the fungus. Heterokaryons growing on minimal medium spontaneously give rise to fast-growing sectors that have the genetic properties expected of unstable heterozygous diploids. In fast-growing sectors, most hyphal tip cells are unstable prototrophs. The conidia collected from fast ...
1 Dominance Genetic Variance for Traits Under Directional
... wings per family, resulting in 5040 wings phenotyped from 685 families. Wings were photographed using a Leica MZ6 microscope with a Leica IC80 HD camera attachment, and nine landmarks corresponding to those previously described for D. bunnanda (McGuigan and Blows 2007) were recorded using tpsDig2 so ...
... wings per family, resulting in 5040 wings phenotyped from 685 families. Wings were photographed using a Leica MZ6 microscope with a Leica IC80 HD camera attachment, and nine landmarks corresponding to those previously described for D. bunnanda (McGuigan and Blows 2007) were recorded using tpsDig2 so ...
Whose Genetic Information Is It Anyway?
... United States Constitution. Id. at 703. Instead, privacy law was "invented" by Louis Brandeis and Samuel Warren in a 1890 law review article. Id. Before the Warren and Brandeis article, the law provided some protection for privacy, but it only provided limited legal theories, which were rather usele ...
... United States Constitution. Id. at 703. Instead, privacy law was "invented" by Louis Brandeis and Samuel Warren in a 1890 law review article. Id. Before the Warren and Brandeis article, the law provided some protection for privacy, but it only provided limited legal theories, which were rather usele ...
- Wiley Online Library
... that had been bred for major gene resistance and therefore assumed major gene interactions but in many natural systems, in- ...
... that had been bred for major gene resistance and therefore assumed major gene interactions but in many natural systems, in- ...
THE ROLE OF THE ret PROTO-ONCOGENE IN HUMAN DISEASE
... MEN 2 SYNDROME DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM BY ret MUTATIONS To investigate whether MEN 2A and MEN 2B mutations represent gain of function mutations of ret, we introduced the mutations into ret cDNA and transfected mutant ret cDNAs into NIH 3T3 cells. As a result, we found that all mutations which were fou ...
... MEN 2 SYNDROME DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM BY ret MUTATIONS To investigate whether MEN 2A and MEN 2B mutations represent gain of function mutations of ret, we introduced the mutations into ret cDNA and transfected mutant ret cDNAs into NIH 3T3 cells. As a result, we found that all mutations which were fou ...
D:\My Documents\WordPerfect\WordPerfect 8.0\2001Report
... (intron) sequences. Each individual gene differs not only with respect to its DNA sequence but also with respect to its structure. A few human genes, e.g. histone genes, interferon genes, and mitochondrial genes, are devoid of introns, whereas some possess a considerable number of introns, with thei ...
... (intron) sequences. Each individual gene differs not only with respect to its DNA sequence but also with respect to its structure. A few human genes, e.g. histone genes, interferon genes, and mitochondrial genes, are devoid of introns, whereas some possess a considerable number of introns, with thei ...
Commentary: Wilhelm Johannsen and the problem of heredity at the
... sowed a selected set of beans from a batch of the 1900 harvest that he had bought on the market. He processed their offspring in accordance with the pedigree method of Vilmorin. The seed of each plant was separately weighed and measured. This procedure was repeated the next year (1902), keeping trac ...
... sowed a selected set of beans from a batch of the 1900 harvest that he had bought on the market. He processed their offspring in accordance with the pedigree method of Vilmorin. The seed of each plant was separately weighed and measured. This procedure was repeated the next year (1902), keeping trac ...
Polymorphic mimicry in Papilio dardanus: mosaic
... pattern genes could be monomorphic in a given geographic race, and differentiation of these genes between races could account for the observed breakdown of mimicry in interracial hybrids. The exact number of alleles of this gene is not known, because all possible crosses have not yet been done, but i ...
... pattern genes could be monomorphic in a given geographic race, and differentiation of these genes between races could account for the observed breakdown of mimicry in interracial hybrids. The exact number of alleles of this gene is not known, because all possible crosses have not yet been done, but i ...
Escherichia coli and Antibiotic Resistance to Tetracycline Antibiotics
... Most cases of Tet resistance are due to resistance genes that either encode energydependent pumps to transport Tet outside of the bacteria, or make a ribosomal protection protein, which displaces Tet from the bacterial ribosome (4, 5). These resistance genes are passed as plasmids, integrons, and tr ...
... Most cases of Tet resistance are due to resistance genes that either encode energydependent pumps to transport Tet outside of the bacteria, or make a ribosomal protection protein, which displaces Tet from the bacterial ribosome (4, 5). These resistance genes are passed as plasmids, integrons, and tr ...
selection for recombination in small populations
... could generate these genotypes by combining beneficial alleles that are carried within different individuals. This advantage is the basis of several classical arguments for the origin and persistence of sex and recombination (Morgan 1913; Fisher 1930; Muller 1932; Haldane 1990), and it relies on the ...
... could generate these genotypes by combining beneficial alleles that are carried within different individuals. This advantage is the basis of several classical arguments for the origin and persistence of sex and recombination (Morgan 1913; Fisher 1930; Muller 1932; Haldane 1990), and it relies on the ...
Efficient Family Based Association Tests
... With millions of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified and characterized, genomewide association studies have begun to identify susceptibility genes for complex traits and diseases. These studies involve the characterization and analysis of very high-resolution SNP genotype data for hund ...
... With millions of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified and characterized, genomewide association studies have begun to identify susceptibility genes for complex traits and diseases. These studies involve the characterization and analysis of very high-resolution SNP genotype data for hund ...
Recurrent gene duplication leads to diverse repertoires of
... providing the foundation for genetic inheritance. Paradoxically, centromeric proteins evolve rapidly despite being essential in many organisms. We have previously proposed that this rapid evolution is due to genetic conflict in female meiosis in which centromere alleles of varying strength compete f ...
... providing the foundation for genetic inheritance. Paradoxically, centromeric proteins evolve rapidly despite being essential in many organisms. We have previously proposed that this rapid evolution is due to genetic conflict in female meiosis in which centromere alleles of varying strength compete f ...
Mosaic: A Position-Effect Variegation Eye
... breeding for the pink eye allele pw and was obtained from the London School of Medicine and Tropical Hygiene ( Beard et al. 1994; Benedict et al. 1996). This was the source of pw Mos1 in crosses A, D, E, F, G, and H. (3) PE breeds true for p and was obtained from the same source as WE and the mutant ...
... breeding for the pink eye allele pw and was obtained from the London School of Medicine and Tropical Hygiene ( Beard et al. 1994; Benedict et al. 1996). This was the source of pw Mos1 in crosses A, D, E, F, G, and H. (3) PE breeds true for p and was obtained from the same source as WE and the mutant ...
Presence of multiple group I introns closely 23S rRNAs of lichen-forming
... Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). The obtained reaction products were separated by automated Multicapillary Electrophoresis and further analyzed on an ABI Prism 3730 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems). Phylogenetic analyses. All of the sequences determined in this work were compared with group I ...
... Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). The obtained reaction products were separated by automated Multicapillary Electrophoresis and further analyzed on an ABI Prism 3730 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems). Phylogenetic analyses. All of the sequences determined in this work were compared with group I ...
Population Genetics - University of Evansville Faculty Web sites
... 1. Inbreeding Experiments As a consequence of these experiments, recessive genes become expressed; before they were hidden 2. Artificial Selection Experiments In artificial selection the individuals chosen to breed the next generation are those that exhibit the greatest expression of the desired cha ...
... 1. Inbreeding Experiments As a consequence of these experiments, recessive genes become expressed; before they were hidden 2. Artificial Selection Experiments In artificial selection the individuals chosen to breed the next generation are those that exhibit the greatest expression of the desired cha ...
ComplexityThesis
... engineering”—attempting to understand the construction of a device about whose design little is known but from which much indicative empirical data can be extracted. In the highly interactive systems of living organisms, the macromolecular, cellular, and physiological processes, themselves at differ ...
... engineering”—attempting to understand the construction of a device about whose design little is known but from which much indicative empirical data can be extracted. In the highly interactive systems of living organisms, the macromolecular, cellular, and physiological processes, themselves at differ ...
Perspective Two empires or three?
... recently. Woese (4) considerably clarified by molecular analysis the relationship of the various kinds of bacteria to each other and determined what kind of classification one should adopt. By far his most important discovery was that the prokaryotes actually consist of two major groups: (i) the tra ...
... recently. Woese (4) considerably clarified by molecular analysis the relationship of the various kinds of bacteria to each other and determined what kind of classification one should adopt. By far his most important discovery was that the prokaryotes actually consist of two major groups: (i) the tra ...
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR
... Tulip is ranked third among the top ten flowers sold worldwide (Podwyszynska and Sochacki, 2010), being extremely popular for landscaping, but also as garden plants and cut flowers. Due to the constant or even increasing interest for this flower species, continuous and consistent efforts have been m ...
... Tulip is ranked third among the top ten flowers sold worldwide (Podwyszynska and Sochacki, 2010), being extremely popular for landscaping, but also as garden plants and cut flowers. Due to the constant or even increasing interest for this flower species, continuous and consistent efforts have been m ...
Direct fitness or inclusive fitness: How shall we model kin selection?
... neighbour-modulated approach, now usually called direct fitness (Taylor & Frank, 1996; Frank, 1998), has also been developed and the main point of this article is that these two approaches are computationally equivalent, although in different models one approach or the other often seems more immedia ...
... neighbour-modulated approach, now usually called direct fitness (Taylor & Frank, 1996; Frank, 1998), has also been developed and the main point of this article is that these two approaches are computationally equivalent, although in different models one approach or the other often seems more immedia ...
File - Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular
... Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) is an exercise induced ventricular arrhythmia disorder caused by mutation in the RYR2 gene. It has been classified as one of the most dangerous heart arrhythmias since 30% of individuals with CPVT die before the age of thirty (Leenhardt et ...
... Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) is an exercise induced ventricular arrhythmia disorder caused by mutation in the RYR2 gene. It has been classified as one of the most dangerous heart arrhythmias since 30% of individuals with CPVT die before the age of thirty (Leenhardt et ...
Polymorphism in heterogeneous environments, evolution of habitat
... Bush, 1989). The most convincing population genetics models leading to the sympatric evolution of two species have to involve a previous stable polymorphism and/or the existence of some kind of habitat selection (e.g., Maynard-Smith, 1966; Rice, 1984, 1987). Here again, though, the evolution of habi ...
... Bush, 1989). The most convincing population genetics models leading to the sympatric evolution of two species have to involve a previous stable polymorphism and/or the existence of some kind of habitat selection (e.g., Maynard-Smith, 1966; Rice, 1984, 1987). Here again, though, the evolution of habi ...
paramecium tetraurelia
... in some species of Paramecium. Although genetically competent for the expression of both mating types, called “odd” (0)and “even” ( E ) ,each cell is generally determined to express only one mating type. Mating type is expressed only under starvation conditions and its determination is inherited thr ...
... in some species of Paramecium. Although genetically competent for the expression of both mating types, called “odd” (0)and “even” ( E ) ,each cell is generally determined to express only one mating type. Mating type is expressed only under starvation conditions and its determination is inherited thr ...
Strains of Salmonella typhimurium and Other
... Strain LT2 has proven to be suitable for use as a representative of the wild type of S. typhimurium. It is prototrophic, growing well, though less rapidly than on rich medium, on defined medium with ammonia as nitrogen source and with its carbon and energy needs satisfied by glucose, glycerol, and v ...
... Strain LT2 has proven to be suitable for use as a representative of the wild type of S. typhimurium. It is prototrophic, growing well, though less rapidly than on rich medium, on defined medium with ammonia as nitrogen source and with its carbon and energy needs satisfied by glucose, glycerol, and v ...
Effects of the Ordering of Natural Selection and Population
... We explore the effect of different mechanisms of natural selection on the evolution of populations for one- and two-locus systems. We compare the effect of viability and fecundity selection in the context of the Wright-Fisher model with selection under the assumption of multiplicative fitness. We sh ...
... We explore the effect of different mechanisms of natural selection on the evolution of populations for one- and two-locus systems. We compare the effect of viability and fecundity selection in the context of the Wright-Fisher model with selection under the assumption of multiplicative fitness. We sh ...
Koinophilia
Koinophilia is an evolutionary hypothesis concerning sexual selection which proposes that animals seeking mate preferentially choose individuals with a minimum of unusual features. Koinophilia intends to explain the clustering of organisms into species and other issues described by Darwin's Dilemma. The term derives from the Greek, koinos, ""the usual"", and philos, ""fondness"".Natural selection causes beneficial inherited features to become more common and eventually replace their disadvantageous counterparts. A sexually-reproducing animal would be expected to avoid individuals with unusual features, and to prefer to mate with individuals displaying a predominance of common or average features. This means that mates displaying mutant features are also avoided. This is advantageous because most mutations that manifest themselves as changes in appearance, functionality or behavior, are disadvantageous. Because it is impossible to judge whether a new mutation is beneficial or not, koinophilic animals avoid them all, at the cost of avoiding the occasional beneficial mutation. Thus, koinophilia, although not infallible in its ability to distinguish fit from unfit mates, is a good strategy when choosing a mate. A koinophilic choice ensures that offspring are likely to inherit features that have been successful in the past.Koinophilia differs from assortative mating, where ""like prefers like"". If like preferred like, leucistic animals (such as white peacocks) would be sexually attracted to one another, and a leucistic subspecies would come into being. Koinophilia predicts that this is unlikely because leucistic animals are attracted to the average in the same way as other animals. Since non-leucistic animals are not attracted by leucism, few leucistic individuals find mates, and leucistic lineages will rarely form.Koinophilia provides simple explanations for the rarity of speciation (in particular Darwin's Dilemma), evolutionary stasis, punctuated equilibria, and the evolution of cooperation. Koinophilia might also contribute to the maintenance of sexual reproduction, preventing its reversion to the much simpler and inherently more advantageous asexual form of reproduction.The koinophilia hypothesis is supported by research into the physical attractiveness of human faces by Judith Langlois and her co-workers. They found that the average of two human faces was more attractive than either of the faces from which that average was derived. The more faces (of the same gender and age) that were used in the averaging process the more attractive and appealing the average face became. This work into averageness supports koinophilia as an explanation of what constitutes a beautiful face, and how the individuality of a face is recognized.