PDF version - Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation
... occur during other seasons for some species. During mating, a male grasps a female with his claws and transfers sperm to the female sperm receptacle. Fertilization and hatching are usually delayed until the following spring when eggs are released. Females of most species lay eggs in the spring. Duri ...
... occur during other seasons for some species. During mating, a male grasps a female with his claws and transfers sperm to the female sperm receptacle. Fertilization and hatching are usually delayed until the following spring when eggs are released. Females of most species lay eggs in the spring. Duri ...
Baker, B. S., Hoff, G., Kaufman, T. C., Wolfner, M. W., and Hazelrigg, T. (1991). A cytopgenetic analysis of the doublesex locus and its flanking regions. Genetics 127: 125-138.
... is because these mutations invariably lead to the primary dsx transcripts of these genes being processed into the male-specific dsx mRNA (R.N. NAGOSHI and B. S. BAKER, in preparation). Surprisingly, when dsxD is heterozygous with a wild type dsx allele in a chromosomally female individual, and thus ...
... is because these mutations invariably lead to the primary dsx transcripts of these genes being processed into the male-specific dsx mRNA (R.N. NAGOSHI and B. S. BAKER, in preparation). Surprisingly, when dsxD is heterozygous with a wild type dsx allele in a chromosomally female individual, and thus ...
Mutations at the Darkener of apricot Locus Modulate Transcript
... role in the expression of the mutation-causing transposable element, and in modifying its activity, result in an alteration of the mutant phenotype. We are seeking to understand the functions these modifiers serve in retrotransposon and gene expression. Modifiers of wa comprise the most extensive se ...
... role in the expression of the mutation-causing transposable element, and in modifying its activity, result in an alteration of the mutant phenotype. We are seeking to understand the functions these modifiers serve in retrotransposon and gene expression. Modifiers of wa comprise the most extensive se ...
The effect of inbreeding rate on fitness, inbreeding depression and
... The detrimental effects of inbreeding and genetic drift in small populations can be alleviated by mating between individuals from genetically differentiated populations (hybridization; Hedrick et al. 2011). Heterosis, the increased fitness of hybrid offspring, is generally attributed to the masking ...
... The detrimental effects of inbreeding and genetic drift in small populations can be alleviated by mating between individuals from genetically differentiated populations (hybridization; Hedrick et al. 2011). Heterosis, the increased fitness of hybrid offspring, is generally attributed to the masking ...
Available as a free here - European Cystic Fibrosis Society
... patient, even in an atypical form [15]. Thus, we stress the importance of the clinical picture in addition to test results to interpret fully a patient’s condition. In infants identified by newborn screening, it should be emphasized that clinical history is very limited. All parties concerned should ...
... patient, even in an atypical form [15]. Thus, we stress the importance of the clinical picture in addition to test results to interpret fully a patient’s condition. In infants identified by newborn screening, it should be emphasized that clinical history is very limited. All parties concerned should ...
Isolation, Characterization and Complementation
... deficient in their ability to reduce nitrite and only the nirD strain was defective in NADHdependent nitrite reductase activity. The phenotype of LCB82 was identical to that of strain JCB203, but although both of these lesions were reported to map in the crp-cysG region of the E. coli chromosome, da ...
... deficient in their ability to reduce nitrite and only the nirD strain was defective in NADHdependent nitrite reductase activity. The phenotype of LCB82 was identical to that of strain JCB203, but although both of these lesions were reported to map in the crp-cysG region of the E. coli chromosome, da ...
Squills (Scilla s.lat., Hyacinthaceae) in the flora of the Czech
... species traditionally placed in the genus Scilla s.lat. into three distinct clades (i.e. the ”Scilla clade”, the ”Fessia clade” and the ”Hyacinthoides clade”), based on molecular characters (PFOSSER & SPETA l.c.) is, to a certain extent, in agreement with the division outlined earlier, which is base ...
... species traditionally placed in the genus Scilla s.lat. into three distinct clades (i.e. the ”Scilla clade”, the ”Fessia clade” and the ”Hyacinthoides clade”), based on molecular characters (PFOSSER & SPETA l.c.) is, to a certain extent, in agreement with the division outlined earlier, which is base ...
The evolution of lactase persistence
... could benefit from the ability of lactose to stimulate calcium absorption. According to this “calcium absorption” hypothesis, lactase persistence could mitigate the risk of rickets and osteomalacia in populations that are prone to vitamin D deficiency due to low solar irradiation. This model can add ...
... could benefit from the ability of lactose to stimulate calcium absorption. According to this “calcium absorption” hypothesis, lactase persistence could mitigate the risk of rickets and osteomalacia in populations that are prone to vitamin D deficiency due to low solar irradiation. This model can add ...
Crayfish Biodiversity and Conservation
... days. At this time, crayfish usually hide because they are more vulnerable to predators and water pollution. Molting occurs six to 14 times during the first year of life when young crayfish are growing rapidly, but occurs less frequently, one to three times per year, as they grow older. Growth and m ...
... days. At this time, crayfish usually hide because they are more vulnerable to predators and water pollution. Molting occurs six to 14 times during the first year of life when young crayfish are growing rapidly, but occurs less frequently, one to three times per year, as they grow older. Growth and m ...
VCR 221 - Potato - UC Davis Plant Sciences
... Quantitative resistance to Phytophthora infestans in potato - a case study for QTL mapping in an allogamous plant species. Genetics 137:67-77. Li, X et al. 1998. Autotetraploids and genetic mapping using common AFLP markers: the R2 allele conferring resistance to P. infestans mapped on chromosome 4. ...
... Quantitative resistance to Phytophthora infestans in potato - a case study for QTL mapping in an allogamous plant species. Genetics 137:67-77. Li, X et al. 1998. Autotetraploids and genetic mapping using common AFLP markers: the R2 allele conferring resistance to P. infestans mapped on chromosome 4. ...
Defragged Binary I Ching Genetic Code Chromosomes Compared
... 255,124,128; D: 255,51,0; K: 0,102,255; Y: 0,255,255; H: 221,221,221; *: 178,178,178. Letter Y: 0,0,255; letter D: 255,255,0; being the extremes the white letters (F, L, W, E, Q, K) with a saturated key (255,255,255), and for the rest the black letters with an absolute lack of color (0,0,0). The col ...
... 255,124,128; D: 255,51,0; K: 0,102,255; Y: 0,255,255; H: 221,221,221; *: 178,178,178. Letter Y: 0,0,255; letter D: 255,255,0; being the extremes the white letters (F, L, W, E, Q, K) with a saturated key (255,255,255), and for the rest the black letters with an absolute lack of color (0,0,0). The col ...
SPA1: A New Genetic Locus Involved in Phytochrome A
... phyA-105 Suppressors Seeds homozygous for phyA-105 were mutagenized, and M2 seedlings were grown at an intermediate fluence rate of FRc (15 mmol m22 sec21). At this fluence rate, phyA-105 has long hypocotyls, whereas the wild type has short hypocotyls (Xu et al., 1995). We screened the M2 seedlings ...
... phyA-105 Suppressors Seeds homozygous for phyA-105 were mutagenized, and M2 seedlings were grown at an intermediate fluence rate of FRc (15 mmol m22 sec21). At this fluence rate, phyA-105 has long hypocotyls, whereas the wild type has short hypocotyls (Xu et al., 1995). We screened the M2 seedlings ...
Mitochondrial diseases and the role of the yeast models
... The maintenance of the mtDNA depends on a variety of nuclear-encoded proteins. While the most obvious link between the nuclear DNA and the mtDNA is represented by the genes coding for the enzymes involved in mtDNA synthesis, in some other interesting cases, the relationship between the mutation and ...
... The maintenance of the mtDNA depends on a variety of nuclear-encoded proteins. While the most obvious link between the nuclear DNA and the mtDNA is represented by the genes coding for the enzymes involved in mtDNA synthesis, in some other interesting cases, the relationship between the mutation and ...
Genetics and You - Cleft Palate Foundation
... history, medical history, and physical examination to determine whether the cleft is part of a broader problem in development (syndrome). The presence of a syndrome often changes the risk for recurrence. It is important to recognize, however, that most children who have clefts do not have any other ...
... history, medical history, and physical examination to determine whether the cleft is part of a broader problem in development (syndrome). The presence of a syndrome often changes the risk for recurrence. It is important to recognize, however, that most children who have clefts do not have any other ...
StanfordEncyclopedia_2016_Inheritance
... How do monist views handle the other forms of inheritance that are known to exist? Consider the mitochondria. Monist accounts regard the maternal inheritance of organelles such as the mitochondria, which might conceivably be thought to constitute a separate inheritance channel, if not system, to be ...
... How do monist views handle the other forms of inheritance that are known to exist? Consider the mitochondria. Monist accounts regard the maternal inheritance of organelles such as the mitochondria, which might conceivably be thought to constitute a separate inheritance channel, if not system, to be ...
Chapter 1: The Major Issues
... 13. A(n) ____ explanation would describe eating in terms of the hypothalamus affecting insulin production, which affects the availability of glucose in cells. a. physiological b. ontogenetic c. evolutionary d. functional ...
... 13. A(n) ____ explanation would describe eating in terms of the hypothalamus affecting insulin production, which affects the availability of glucose in cells. a. physiological b. ontogenetic c. evolutionary d. functional ...
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... 27. A(n) ____ explanation of human behavior is often controversial, because many behaviors alleged to be part of our evolutionary heritage could have been learned instead. a. physiological b. ontogenetic c. evolutionary d. functional ANS: D PTS: 1 Explanations of Behavior OBJ: Behavior KEY: NEW ...
... 27. A(n) ____ explanation of human behavior is often controversial, because many behaviors alleged to be part of our evolutionary heritage could have been learned instead. a. physiological b. ontogenetic c. evolutionary d. functional ANS: D PTS: 1 Explanations of Behavior OBJ: Behavior KEY: NEW ...
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... a sensitive period in early life is an example of a(n) ____ explanation. a. physiological b. ontogenetic c. evolutionary d. functional ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: conceptual REF: Biological Explanations of Behavior OBJ: 1 TOP: 1.1 The Biological Approach to Behavior KEY: NEW 22. Which type of explanation mig ...
... a sensitive period in early life is an example of a(n) ____ explanation. a. physiological b. ontogenetic c. evolutionary d. functional ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: conceptual REF: Biological Explanations of Behavior OBJ: 1 TOP: 1.1 The Biological Approach to Behavior KEY: NEW 22. Which type of explanation mig ...
Games among cannibals: competition to cannibalize and
... to search for optimal strategies – through mutation- and crossover-like processes during reproduction. The chance of mutation (i.e. changing a 1 to 0 or 0 to 1) was 1% at each byte locus. When crossover occurred (in 10% of offspring) the parental chromosomes were spliced at a random location anywher ...
... to search for optimal strategies – through mutation- and crossover-like processes during reproduction. The chance of mutation (i.e. changing a 1 to 0 or 0 to 1) was 1% at each byte locus. When crossover occurred (in 10% of offspring) the parental chromosomes were spliced at a random location anywher ...
Evolutionary ecology of insect adaptation to Bt crops
... fitness of individuals with r alleles is lower than the fitness of individuals without r alleles. Alleles conferring resistance to Bt often have negative pleiotropic effects that cause fitness costs, implying that r alleles will be maintained at a low frequency in populations not previously exposed ...
... fitness of individuals with r alleles is lower than the fitness of individuals without r alleles. Alleles conferring resistance to Bt often have negative pleiotropic effects that cause fitness costs, implying that r alleles will be maintained at a low frequency in populations not previously exposed ...
Optimality models of phage life history and parallels in
... high cell densities. Indeed, the discrepancy even at low cell density is only of quantitative interest. Neither of those previous studies allowed for an intrinsic cell death rate, independent of phage killing, and the cell death rate puts an upper limit on the lysis time optimum in a stable or growi ...
... high cell densities. Indeed, the discrepancy even at low cell density is only of quantitative interest. Neither of those previous studies allowed for an intrinsic cell death rate, independent of phage killing, and the cell death rate puts an upper limit on the lysis time optimum in a stable or growi ...
Centromere Locations and Associated Chromosome
... We examined our results to see whether any gene copy number differences are suggested, because it has been found that the centromeric regions of A. thaliana have significantly fewer tandemly duplicated genes than noncentromere regions (Zhang and Gaut 2003). We detected four events in total and estim ...
... We examined our results to see whether any gene copy number differences are suggested, because it has been found that the centromeric regions of A. thaliana have significantly fewer tandemly duplicated genes than noncentromere regions (Zhang and Gaut 2003). We detected four events in total and estim ...
Flower symmetry and shape in Antirrhinum
... the two basic classes (not considered here, see Endress, 2001). The regular class includes a range of D-types (e.g., D3 in many monocots, D4 in Arabidopsis) and also some C-types (e.g., Oleander flowers are of type C5, as in Fig. 1I). The irregular class can only include the D1 type. However, many v ...
... the two basic classes (not considered here, see Endress, 2001). The regular class includes a range of D-types (e.g., D3 in many monocots, D4 in Arabidopsis) and also some C-types (e.g., Oleander flowers are of type C5, as in Fig. 1I). The irregular class can only include the D1 type. However, many v ...
Evolution and Natural Selection Lab.rtf
... Could genetic drift lead to evolution of new species? Consider ratios of phenotypes of each small sample. Under which condition would this change lead to speciation? ...
... Could genetic drift lead to evolution of new species? Consider ratios of phenotypes of each small sample. Under which condition would this change lead to speciation? ...
RET Proto-Oncogene
... tablished within a family, newly diagnosed patients typically present with a thyroid nodule or neck mass by the age of 15 to 20 years. In the era before the identification of the RET gene as the cause of hereditary MTC clinical screening for hereditary MTC consisted of measurements of basal and stim ...
... tablished within a family, newly diagnosed patients typically present with a thyroid nodule or neck mass by the age of 15 to 20 years. In the era before the identification of the RET gene as the cause of hereditary MTC clinical screening for hereditary MTC consisted of measurements of basal and stim ...
Koinophilia
Koinophilia is an evolutionary hypothesis concerning sexual selection which proposes that animals seeking mate preferentially choose individuals with a minimum of unusual features. Koinophilia intends to explain the clustering of organisms into species and other issues described by Darwin's Dilemma. The term derives from the Greek, koinos, ""the usual"", and philos, ""fondness"".Natural selection causes beneficial inherited features to become more common and eventually replace their disadvantageous counterparts. A sexually-reproducing animal would be expected to avoid individuals with unusual features, and to prefer to mate with individuals displaying a predominance of common or average features. This means that mates displaying mutant features are also avoided. This is advantageous because most mutations that manifest themselves as changes in appearance, functionality or behavior, are disadvantageous. Because it is impossible to judge whether a new mutation is beneficial or not, koinophilic animals avoid them all, at the cost of avoiding the occasional beneficial mutation. Thus, koinophilia, although not infallible in its ability to distinguish fit from unfit mates, is a good strategy when choosing a mate. A koinophilic choice ensures that offspring are likely to inherit features that have been successful in the past.Koinophilia differs from assortative mating, where ""like prefers like"". If like preferred like, leucistic animals (such as white peacocks) would be sexually attracted to one another, and a leucistic subspecies would come into being. Koinophilia predicts that this is unlikely because leucistic animals are attracted to the average in the same way as other animals. Since non-leucistic animals are not attracted by leucism, few leucistic individuals find mates, and leucistic lineages will rarely form.Koinophilia provides simple explanations for the rarity of speciation (in particular Darwin's Dilemma), evolutionary stasis, punctuated equilibria, and the evolution of cooperation. Koinophilia might also contribute to the maintenance of sexual reproduction, preventing its reversion to the much simpler and inherently more advantageous asexual form of reproduction.The koinophilia hypothesis is supported by research into the physical attractiveness of human faces by Judith Langlois and her co-workers. They found that the average of two human faces was more attractive than either of the faces from which that average was derived. The more faces (of the same gender and age) that were used in the averaging process the more attractive and appealing the average face became. This work into averageness supports koinophilia as an explanation of what constitutes a beautiful face, and how the individuality of a face is recognized.