Morphology_of_Ocean_Basins
... Eastern Pacific ones bordered by land: high sedimentation rate Oceanic ones more deep and with less sediment Examples in Pacific Ocean: Kermadec, Japan, Marianas, Tonga Peru-Chile ...
... Eastern Pacific ones bordered by land: high sedimentation rate Oceanic ones more deep and with less sediment Examples in Pacific Ocean: Kermadec, Japan, Marianas, Tonga Peru-Chile ...
plate tectonics - Hobbs High School
... on the floor of all major ocean basins. The rifts or spreading centers at the crest of ridges represent divergent plate boundaries. • Rift valleys are deep faulted structures found along the axes of divergent plate boundaries. They can develop on the seafloor or on land. • Seafloor spreading produce ...
... on the floor of all major ocean basins. The rifts or spreading centers at the crest of ridges represent divergent plate boundaries. • Rift valleys are deep faulted structures found along the axes of divergent plate boundaries. They can develop on the seafloor or on land. • Seafloor spreading produce ...
oceanic crust
... different layers. The crust is the layer that you live on, and it is the most widely studied and understood. The mantle is much hotter and has the ability to flow. The outer core and inner core are even hotter with pressures so great you would be squeezed into a ball smaller than a marble if you wer ...
... different layers. The crust is the layer that you live on, and it is the most widely studied and understood. The mantle is much hotter and has the ability to flow. The outer core and inner core are even hotter with pressures so great you would be squeezed into a ball smaller than a marble if you wer ...
tectonic boundary quiz
... Matching: match the plate boundary type to the landform that is created at the boundary. ...
... Matching: match the plate boundary type to the landform that is created at the boundary. ...
10-2 Directed Reading
... 27. Describe the rock that forms when magma cools to form new oceanic lithosphere. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 28. A narrow valley that forms where the plates separate at a divergent boundary is calle ...
... 27. Describe the rock that forms when magma cools to form new oceanic lithosphere. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 28. A narrow valley that forms where the plates separate at a divergent boundary is calle ...
Deep crustal structure along the Niigata-Kobe Tectonic Zone, Japan:
... with the magmatic activity in this region. The fluids derived from the Pacific and the Philippine Sea slabs induce partial melting in the mantle wedge (Iwamori, 2000). The generated melts are transported through the mantle return flow to the uppermost mantle and partly intrude the crust, which reduc ...
... with the magmatic activity in this region. The fluids derived from the Pacific and the Philippine Sea slabs induce partial melting in the mantle wedge (Iwamori, 2000). The generated melts are transported through the mantle return flow to the uppermost mantle and partly intrude the crust, which reduc ...
Plate Tectonics of the Pacific Northwest Ocean Basin
... http://www.shipops.oregonstate.edu/ops/ and the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory’s Vents Program described at http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/vents/ . In addition to the types of research vessels described on HMSC’s web site, there is another type of research vessel that has provided us with an eno ...
... http://www.shipops.oregonstate.edu/ops/ and the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory’s Vents Program described at http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/vents/ . In addition to the types of research vessels described on HMSC’s web site, there is another type of research vessel that has provided us with an eno ...
Layers of the Earth PowerPoint
... due to the fact that their energy is being converted into kinetic energy (the energy of movement). Once these molecules spread out, their volume increases causing their density to decrease. Therefore, the hot liquid floats to the top and the cooler water, which has decreased in volume and increased ...
... due to the fact that their energy is being converted into kinetic energy (the energy of movement). Once these molecules spread out, their volume increases causing their density to decrease. Therefore, the hot liquid floats to the top and the cooler water, which has decreased in volume and increased ...
Plate Tectonics - Open Earth Systems
... plate motion in which cool, dense oceanic crust sinks into the mantle and “pulls” the trailing lithosphere along. It is thought to be the primary downward arm of convective flow in the mantle. • Ridge-push causes oceanic lithosphere to slide down the sides of the oceanic ridge under the pull of grav ...
... plate motion in which cool, dense oceanic crust sinks into the mantle and “pulls” the trailing lithosphere along. It is thought to be the primary downward arm of convective flow in the mantle. • Ridge-push causes oceanic lithosphere to slide down the sides of the oceanic ridge under the pull of grav ...
the plate tectonic theory - The University of Southern Mississippi
... boundary, but this is a somewhat special boundary where two continents have collided. 4. Midplate region a. The rigid midplate region moves along like a conveyer belt to its site of destruction in the subduction zone. Midplate regions are involved in several process. 1) Cooling; the plate cools as i ...
... boundary, but this is a somewhat special boundary where two continents have collided. 4. Midplate region a. The rigid midplate region moves along like a conveyer belt to its site of destruction in the subduction zone. Midplate regions are involved in several process. 1) Cooling; the plate cools as i ...
Subduction Processes in Cascadia
... enormous earthquake. The lithospheric portion of this planet moves about on plates of crust. There are 7 major and as many minor plates moving around the globe constantly. They move away from each other in divergence, they slide past each other in transform slipping and they crash into each other at ...
... enormous earthquake. The lithospheric portion of this planet moves about on plates of crust. There are 7 major and as many minor plates moving around the globe constantly. They move away from each other in divergence, they slide past each other in transform slipping and they crash into each other at ...
Differentiation 2: mantle, crust OUTLINE
... Low density relates to different chemical composition ...
... Low density relates to different chemical composition ...
Plate_Tectonics_Pangea_PowerPoint
... plate motion in which cool, dense oceanic crust sinks into the mantle and “pulls” the trailing lithosphere along. It is thought to be the primary downward arm of convective flow in the mantle. • Ridge-push causes oceanic lithosphere to slide down the sides of the oceanic ridge under the pull of grav ...
... plate motion in which cool, dense oceanic crust sinks into the mantle and “pulls” the trailing lithosphere along. It is thought to be the primary downward arm of convective flow in the mantle. • Ridge-push causes oceanic lithosphere to slide down the sides of the oceanic ridge under the pull of grav ...
Chapter 16: Geology of the Ocean
... another. Notice, in Figure 16-5, that the North American plate collides with the Pacific plate. When this occurs, one plate overrides the other plate. Crust from the Pacific plate plunges downward under the North American plate in a process called subduction. The Pacific plate slides under part of t ...
... another. Notice, in Figure 16-5, that the North American plate collides with the Pacific plate. When this occurs, one plate overrides the other plate. Crust from the Pacific plate plunges downward under the North American plate in a process called subduction. The Pacific plate slides under part of t ...
FORMATION OF THE APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS – GENERAL
... melts because of this catalyst. Being less dense than the solid that generated it, the partially-melted asthenosphere rises to the base of the crust as a hot plume of predominantly basaltic composition. These plumes of magma heat the crust above and can penetrate it, melt it, mix with it, and produc ...
... melts because of this catalyst. Being less dense than the solid that generated it, the partially-melted asthenosphere rises to the base of the crust as a hot plume of predominantly basaltic composition. These plumes of magma heat the crust above and can penetrate it, melt it, mix with it, and produc ...
Section 4–4 4–4 Aquatic Ecosystems
... and salt water, and are affected by the rise and fall of ocean tides. Many are shallow, so sufficient sunlight reaches the bottom to power photosynthesis. Primary producers include plants, algae, and both photosynthetic and chemosynthetic bacteria. Estuary food webs differ from those of more familia ...
... and salt water, and are affected by the rise and fall of ocean tides. Many are shallow, so sufficient sunlight reaches the bottom to power photosynthesis. Primary producers include plants, algae, and both photosynthetic and chemosynthetic bacteria. Estuary food webs differ from those of more familia ...
Plate Tectonics
... A volcano, by geographical definition, is any conical or dome-shaped structure that is formed as a result of magma escaping to the surface of the Earth through an opening which we call a vent. There are various types of volcanoes, ranging from flat shield-shaped ones to tall and steep ones. ...
... A volcano, by geographical definition, is any conical or dome-shaped structure that is formed as a result of magma escaping to the surface of the Earth through an opening which we call a vent. There are various types of volcanoes, ranging from flat shield-shaped ones to tall and steep ones. ...
Document
... 27. Describe the rock that forms when magma cools to form new oceanic lithosphere. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 28. A narrow area that forms where the plates at a divergent boundary separate is called ...
... 27. Describe the rock that forms when magma cools to form new oceanic lithosphere. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 28. A narrow area that forms where the plates at a divergent boundary separate is called ...
New study to investigate the impacts of ocean acidification in the
... laboratories, will be setting out on an oceanographic mission to study the effect of ocean acidification in waters near Antarctica. The five week long research cruise, aboard the Natural Environment Research Council’s RRS James Clark Ross, departs on 8th January for some of the coldest waters on Ear ...
... laboratories, will be setting out on an oceanographic mission to study the effect of ocean acidification in waters near Antarctica. The five week long research cruise, aboard the Natural Environment Research Council’s RRS James Clark Ross, departs on 8th January for some of the coldest waters on Ear ...
unit 2 earth history lecture and study guide
... -Divergent zones can create ocean basins over time. - In the oceans, this zone forms the mid-oceanic ridge that rises high above the ocean floor. - Hot water escapes in fountains along these zones called “black smokers” which have some very exotic marine life forms that never see sunlight. b) Rift ( ...
... -Divergent zones can create ocean basins over time. - In the oceans, this zone forms the mid-oceanic ridge that rises high above the ocean floor. - Hot water escapes in fountains along these zones called “black smokers” which have some very exotic marine life forms that never see sunlight. b) Rift ( ...
Document
... of a three-way split in the crust allowing massive lava flows. The split was caused by an upwelling of magma that broke the crust in three directions and poured out lava over hundreds of square miles of Africa and South America. The rocks of the triple junction, which today is the west central porti ...
... of a three-way split in the crust allowing massive lava flows. The split was caused by an upwelling of magma that broke the crust in three directions and poured out lava over hundreds of square miles of Africa and South America. The rocks of the triple junction, which today is the west central porti ...
GEOL 451 - Business
... Processes concerning only rocks of the earth’s crust and mantle, e.g. sedimentation, metamorphism, even diagenesis But rocks react with the biosphere, oceans and atmosphere ...
... Processes concerning only rocks of the earth’s crust and mantle, e.g. sedimentation, metamorphism, even diagenesis But rocks react with the biosphere, oceans and atmosphere ...
Seismogenic zone input: the upper plate contribution in Costa Rica
... Samples from the Osa Mèlange are currently available for microscopic analysis to define the structural characteristics of the rock assemblage before it enters the subduction plate interface. We would also use some samples in high velocity friction experiments that would be conducted at the INGV lab ...
... Samples from the Osa Mèlange are currently available for microscopic analysis to define the structural characteristics of the rock assemblage before it enters the subduction plate interface. We would also use some samples in high velocity friction experiments that would be conducted at the INGV lab ...
Chapter 13 - MiraCosta College
... • Topographic differences are controlled by spreading rates. – At intermediate spreading rates (5 to 9 centimeters per year), rift valleys that develop are shallow and less than 200 meters deep. – At spreading rates greater than 9 centimeters per year, no median rift valley develops and these areas ...
... • Topographic differences are controlled by spreading rates. – At intermediate spreading rates (5 to 9 centimeters per year), rift valleys that develop are shallow and less than 200 meters deep. – At spreading rates greater than 9 centimeters per year, no median rift valley develops and these areas ...
VEST `96, Plate Tectonics
... America and Africa. He was not the first to puzzle over this, however: Francis Bacon noted the fit in 1620, and Antonio Snider, in 1858, published maps depicting continental drift and likened the process to breaking up a sheet of ice on a pond. If all this were true, THE PIECES SHOULD FIT BACK TOGET ...
... America and Africa. He was not the first to puzzle over this, however: Francis Bacon noted the fit in 1620, and Antonio Snider, in 1858, published maps depicting continental drift and likened the process to breaking up a sheet of ice on a pond. If all this were true, THE PIECES SHOULD FIT BACK TOGET ...
Abyssal plain
An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). In addition to these elements, active oceanic basins (those that are associated with a moving plate tectonic boundary) also typically include an oceanic trench and a subduction zone.Abyssal plains were not recognized as distinct physiographic features of the sea floor until the late 1940s and, until very recently, none had been studied on a systematic basis. They are poorly preserved in the sedimentary record, because they tend to be consumed by the subduction process. The creation of the abyssal plain is the end result of spreading of the seafloor (plate tectonics) and melting of the lower oceanic crust. Magma rises from above the asthenosphere (a layer of the upper mantle) and as this basaltic material reaches the surface at mid-ocean ridges it forms new oceanic crust. This is constantly pulled sideways by spreading of the seafloor. Abyssal plains result from the blanketing of an originally uneven surface of oceanic crust by fine-grained sediments, mainly clay and silt. Much of this sediment is deposited by turbidity currents that have been channelled from the continental margins along submarine canyons down into deeper water. The remainder of the sediment is composed chiefly of pelagic sediments. Metallic nodules are common in some areas of the plains, with varying concentrations of metals, including manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, and copper. These nodules may provide a significant resource for future mining ventures.Owing in part to their vast size, abyssal plains are currently believed to be a major reservoir of biodiversity. The abyss also exerts significant influence upon ocean carbon cycling, dissolution of calcium carbonate, and atmospheric CO2 concentrations over timescales of 100–1000 years. The structure and function of abyssal ecosystems are strongly influenced by the rate of flux of food to the seafloor and the composition of the material that settles. Factors such as climate change, fishing practices, and ocean fertilization are expected to have a substantial effect on patterns of primary production in the euphotic zone. This will undoubtedly impact the flux of organic material to the abyss in a similar manner and thus have a profound effect on the structure, function and diversity of abyssal ecosystems.