Convergent Boundaries: Here crust is destroyed and recycled back
... as a whole sinks smoothly and continuously into the subduction trench. ...
... as a whole sinks smoothly and continuously into the subduction trench. ...
3.3 Plates Move Apart
... Transform faults occur along divergent oceanic and continental plate boundaries Plates slide past each other building up tension until the tension is released during an earthquake ...
... Transform faults occur along divergent oceanic and continental plate boundaries Plates slide past each other building up tension until the tension is released during an earthquake ...
Chapter 19 - Heritage Collegiate
... crust, much like ice breakers cut through ice. 9. Transform faults are roughly parallel to the direction of plate movement. 10. There is a close association between deep-focus earthquakes and ocean ridges. 11. Beneath Earth's lithosphere is the hotter and weaker zone known as the asthenosphere. 12. ...
... crust, much like ice breakers cut through ice. 9. Transform faults are roughly parallel to the direction of plate movement. 10. There is a close association between deep-focus earthquakes and ocean ridges. 11. Beneath Earth's lithosphere is the hotter and weaker zone known as the asthenosphere. 12. ...
Unit 1 – Studying the Earth Topics
... 3. What were 3 forms of evidence that plate tectonics occurred according to Wegener? a. Be able to explain the reasons behind each piece of evidence. 4. What are mid-ocean ridges and why are they important? What happens at them? Where is the younger sediment found? 5. Which is older, continental cru ...
... 3. What were 3 forms of evidence that plate tectonics occurred according to Wegener? a. Be able to explain the reasons behind each piece of evidence. 4. What are mid-ocean ridges and why are they important? What happens at them? Where is the younger sediment found? 5. Which is older, continental cru ...
Studyguide_PTtest
... ~ What are the 4 basic layers of the Earth? How would you describe each layer? ~ How are the lithosphere and asthenosphere related? ~ What did Wegener suggest with his continental drift hypothesis? ~ What evidence did he have to support his claims? ~ What was the hypothesis put forth by Harry Hess? ...
... ~ What are the 4 basic layers of the Earth? How would you describe each layer? ~ How are the lithosphere and asthenosphere related? ~ What did Wegener suggest with his continental drift hypothesis? ~ What evidence did he have to support his claims? ~ What was the hypothesis put forth by Harry Hess? ...
Spreading Ridge Axis, Divergent Plate Boundary Subduction Zone
... consequence of mantle convection, but this melting does not drive convection in any way. At subduction zones, water released from the subducting slab lowers the melting temperature of the mantle rocks inducing a small amount of melting. At spreading centers, rocks that were stable at high pressures ...
... consequence of mantle convection, but this melting does not drive convection in any way. At subduction zones, water released from the subducting slab lowers the melting temperature of the mantle rocks inducing a small amount of melting. At spreading centers, rocks that were stable at high pressures ...
Oceanic Lithosphere
... surface are caused by normal faults in the subducting oceanic lithosphere. As the plate is subducted, it is forced to bend, so the upper part is put under tension, this causes the normal faulting. Another reason why shallow earthquakes occur is due to the process of “underthrusting”, where the subdu ...
... surface are caused by normal faults in the subducting oceanic lithosphere. As the plate is subducted, it is forced to bend, so the upper part is put under tension, this causes the normal faulting. Another reason why shallow earthquakes occur is due to the process of “underthrusting”, where the subdu ...
Key Ideas and Vocabulary—Suggested Answers
... 15. The Indian Plate is subducting beneath the Eurasian Plate. The crust on the Indian Plate is crumpling up and being added to the crust of the Eurasian Plate. Use What You’ve Learned— Suggested Answers 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. If the Juan de Fuca Plate is diverging from the plate to its west and conv ...
... 15. The Indian Plate is subducting beneath the Eurasian Plate. The crust on the Indian Plate is crumpling up and being added to the crust of the Eurasian Plate. Use What You’ve Learned— Suggested Answers 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. If the Juan de Fuca Plate is diverging from the plate to its west and conv ...
mb3ech02-a - Chaparral Star Academy
... limited exchange with the open ocean (e.g., sill partially cutting Mediterranean from Atlantic) 5. Geological history ...
... limited exchange with the open ocean (e.g., sill partially cutting Mediterranean from Atlantic) 5. Geological history ...
Presentation
... the floor of the Atlantic Ocean. Red represents the youngest rocks; the deepest red marks the Mid-Oceanic Ridge, where continental plates are pulling apart and new crust is being formed. Older rocks are yellow, green, and blue: the deepest blue rocks, along the coastlines of Europe, Africa, and the ...
... the floor of the Atlantic Ocean. Red represents the youngest rocks; the deepest red marks the Mid-Oceanic Ridge, where continental plates are pulling apart and new crust is being formed. Older rocks are yellow, green, and blue: the deepest blue rocks, along the coastlines of Europe, Africa, and the ...
Chapter 7 Section 2 Pages 198-201
... the floor of the Atlantic Ocean. Red represents the youngest rocks; the deepest red marks the Mid-Oceanic Ridge, where continental plates are pulling apart and new crust is being formed. Older rocks are yellow, green, and blue: the deepest blue rocks, along the coastlines of Europe, Africa, and the ...
... the floor of the Atlantic Ocean. Red represents the youngest rocks; the deepest red marks the Mid-Oceanic Ridge, where continental plates are pulling apart and new crust is being formed. Older rocks are yellow, green, and blue: the deepest blue rocks, along the coastlines of Europe, Africa, and the ...
Science 8
... ____2. Why does seafloor spreading occur? a. Because earthquakes break apart the ocean floor b. Because molten material beneath the Earth’s crust rises to the surface c. Because new material is being added to the Asthenosphere ____3. What is the hypothesis called that says the continents have slowly ...
... ____2. Why does seafloor spreading occur? a. Because earthquakes break apart the ocean floor b. Because molten material beneath the Earth’s crust rises to the surface c. Because new material is being added to the Asthenosphere ____3. What is the hypothesis called that says the continents have slowly ...
Science 8
... ____2. Why does seafloor spreading occur? a. Because earthquakes break apart the ocean floor b. Because molten material beneath the Earth’s crust rises to the surface c. Because new material is being added to the Asthenosphere ____3. What is the hypothesis called that says the continents have slowly ...
... ____2. Why does seafloor spreading occur? a. Because earthquakes break apart the ocean floor b. Because molten material beneath the Earth’s crust rises to the surface c. Because new material is being added to the Asthenosphere ____3. What is the hypothesis called that says the continents have slowly ...
Guided Notes Marine Geology
... • Split into plates, which are free to drift slowly across the surface of the planet. ...
... • Split into plates, which are free to drift slowly across the surface of the planet. ...
Review for Seafloor Spreading, Plate Tectonics
... Describe evidence from drilling samples. Describe evidence from magnetic stripes. When was the last time the Earth’s magnetic field changed? Describe subduction and where it happens. What does density have to do with seafloor spreading? What is happening to the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans – describ ...
... Describe evidence from drilling samples. Describe evidence from magnetic stripes. When was the last time the Earth’s magnetic field changed? Describe subduction and where it happens. What does density have to do with seafloor spreading? What is happening to the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans – describ ...
The Ocean as a Habitat
... • The O3 absorbed much of the damaging ultraviolet radiation and life was able to move from the oceans to land The Changing Earth’s Surface • Erupting and receding crust that ultimately divided the earth’s single continent (Pangea) • Founded on the movement of plates of the crust bounded by oceanic ...
... • The O3 absorbed much of the damaging ultraviolet radiation and life was able to move from the oceans to land The Changing Earth’s Surface • Erupting and receding crust that ultimately divided the earth’s single continent (Pangea) • Founded on the movement of plates of the crust bounded by oceanic ...
1-4 Section Summary
... that formed before, pushing it aside. This process, called sea-floor spreading, continually adds new material to the ocean floor. Scientists have found strange rocks shaped like pillows in the central valley of the mid-ocean ridge. Such rocks can form only if molten material hardens quickly after er ...
... that formed before, pushing it aside. This process, called sea-floor spreading, continually adds new material to the ocean floor. Scientists have found strange rocks shaped like pillows in the central valley of the mid-ocean ridge. Such rocks can form only if molten material hardens quickly after er ...
Table 7.6. Common features of the seafloor and coastline
... Estuary. A river mouth or channel, or the drowned seaward end of a valley where fresh water from land mixes with seawater. River flow in some estuaries continues across the continental shelf, carving out a submarine canyon. Guyot. A seamount with a flat top. Guyot tops are always below the ocean sur ...
... Estuary. A river mouth or channel, or the drowned seaward end of a valley where fresh water from land mixes with seawater. River flow in some estuaries continues across the continental shelf, carving out a submarine canyon. Guyot. A seamount with a flat top. Guyot tops are always below the ocean sur ...
draw a diagram of earth`s interior and label each
... OF LITHOSPHERIC PLATES AND WHERE DOES THIS OCCUR? DRAW A DIAGRAM DESCRIBING HOW THIS PROCESS WORKS CONVECTION OCCURS IN THE MANTLE WHEN COOL DENSE MATERIAL SINKS TO THE BOTTOM OF THE MANTLE NEAR THE CORE AND WARM LESS DENSE MATERIAL RISES TO THE TOP OF THE MANTLE TO HEAT EARTH’S SURFACE ...
... OF LITHOSPHERIC PLATES AND WHERE DOES THIS OCCUR? DRAW A DIAGRAM DESCRIBING HOW THIS PROCESS WORKS CONVECTION OCCURS IN THE MANTLE WHEN COOL DENSE MATERIAL SINKS TO THE BOTTOM OF THE MANTLE NEAR THE CORE AND WARM LESS DENSE MATERIAL RISES TO THE TOP OF THE MANTLE TO HEAT EARTH’S SURFACE ...
Ch.4 Notes
... • Construction = tectonics • Crust • 1. oceanic crust • 2 continental crust • Lithosphere – upper mantle • Asthenosphere – solid rock that is under pressure • 30 different plates ...
... • Construction = tectonics • Crust • 1. oceanic crust • 2 continental crust • Lithosphere – upper mantle • Asthenosphere – solid rock that is under pressure • 30 different plates ...
Section 17.3 Theory of Plate Tectonics
... 1. Describe early evidence that led people to suggest that Earth’s continents may have once been joined. 2. Discuss evidence of continental drift. 3. Explain why continental drift was not accepted when it was first proposed. 4. Summarize the evidence that led to the discovery of seafloor spreading. ...
... 1. Describe early evidence that led people to suggest that Earth’s continents may have once been joined. 2. Discuss evidence of continental drift. 3. Explain why continental drift was not accepted when it was first proposed. 4. Summarize the evidence that led to the discovery of seafloor spreading. ...
Abyssal plain
An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). In addition to these elements, active oceanic basins (those that are associated with a moving plate tectonic boundary) also typically include an oceanic trench and a subduction zone.Abyssal plains were not recognized as distinct physiographic features of the sea floor until the late 1940s and, until very recently, none had been studied on a systematic basis. They are poorly preserved in the sedimentary record, because they tend to be consumed by the subduction process. The creation of the abyssal plain is the end result of spreading of the seafloor (plate tectonics) and melting of the lower oceanic crust. Magma rises from above the asthenosphere (a layer of the upper mantle) and as this basaltic material reaches the surface at mid-ocean ridges it forms new oceanic crust. This is constantly pulled sideways by spreading of the seafloor. Abyssal plains result from the blanketing of an originally uneven surface of oceanic crust by fine-grained sediments, mainly clay and silt. Much of this sediment is deposited by turbidity currents that have been channelled from the continental margins along submarine canyons down into deeper water. The remainder of the sediment is composed chiefly of pelagic sediments. Metallic nodules are common in some areas of the plains, with varying concentrations of metals, including manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, and copper. These nodules may provide a significant resource for future mining ventures.Owing in part to their vast size, abyssal plains are currently believed to be a major reservoir of biodiversity. The abyss also exerts significant influence upon ocean carbon cycling, dissolution of calcium carbonate, and atmospheric CO2 concentrations over timescales of 100–1000 years. The structure and function of abyssal ecosystems are strongly influenced by the rate of flux of food to the seafloor and the composition of the material that settles. Factors such as climate change, fishing practices, and ocean fertilization are expected to have a substantial effect on patterns of primary production in the euphotic zone. This will undoubtedly impact the flux of organic material to the abyss in a similar manner and thus have a profound effect on the structure, function and diversity of abyssal ecosystems.