Describe the differences and relation between the lithosphere and asthenosphere.
... volcanoes, islands, oceanic trenches, faults ...
... volcanoes, islands, oceanic trenches, faults ...
File
... Similar fossils found around the world. Common rock types on different continents. Matching glacial deposits. ...
... Similar fossils found around the world. Common rock types on different continents. Matching glacial deposits. ...
The ups and downs of sediments
... site. The Earth, however, can recycle its waste naturally. The Earth’s scum consists of ocean sediments and the rigid layer beneath composed of oceanic crust and the uppermost oceanic mantle. The movement of the tectonic plates ensures that this scum is efficiently disposed off at subduction zones w ...
... site. The Earth, however, can recycle its waste naturally. The Earth’s scum consists of ocean sediments and the rigid layer beneath composed of oceanic crust and the uppermost oceanic mantle. The movement of the tectonic plates ensures that this scum is efficiently disposed off at subduction zones w ...
Notes - Earth Science Rocks
... 2. Sliding Boundaries- as the name implies, this is where two plates are sliding past each other. The sliding movement often causes earthquakes to occur. This happens along faults. A fault is nothing more than a crack in the Earth’s crust where movement has occurred. Ex. North American Plate and the ...
... 2. Sliding Boundaries- as the name implies, this is where two plates are sliding past each other. The sliding movement often causes earthquakes to occur. This happens along faults. A fault is nothing more than a crack in the Earth’s crust where movement has occurred. Ex. North American Plate and the ...
Deep India meets deep Asia: a seismological
... of convergence under Pamir and Hindu Kush imposed by the different mechanical properties of the three types of lithosphere involved: We suggest that the buoyant northwestern salient of (1) Cratonic India bulldozes into (2) Cratonic Asia forcing delamination and rollback of its lithosphere. At the sa ...
... of convergence under Pamir and Hindu Kush imposed by the different mechanical properties of the three types of lithosphere involved: We suggest that the buoyant northwestern salient of (1) Cratonic India bulldozes into (2) Cratonic Asia forcing delamination and rollback of its lithosphere. At the sa ...
Chapter 4 - TeacherWeb
... The process by which new oceanic lithosphere is created at mid-ocean ridges older materials are pulled away from the ridge ...
... The process by which new oceanic lithosphere is created at mid-ocean ridges older materials are pulled away from the ridge ...
Layers of the Earth
... • Solid Inner Core is extremely hot and made of iron and nickel alloy. • Like the yolk of an egg. • Solid due to immense ...
... • Solid Inner Core is extremely hot and made of iron and nickel alloy. • Like the yolk of an egg. • Solid due to immense ...
convection in the atmosphere and oceans
... surface will be very cold and will not rise as much which indicates less convection. ...
... surface will be very cold and will not rise as much which indicates less convection. ...
STUDY GUIDE CHAPTER 3 TEST 2009
... Coral, sponges, and seaweed are all part of the ____________________ group of marine life. benthos The neritic and oceanic zones make up the _______________. ( answer: pelagic environment) Drifting organisms that may be plant-like or animal-like are called ____________________. plankton The constant ...
... Coral, sponges, and seaweed are all part of the ____________________ group of marine life. benthos The neritic and oceanic zones make up the _______________. ( answer: pelagic environment) Drifting organisms that may be plant-like or animal-like are called ____________________. plankton The constant ...
Plate Tectonic Test Use the pictures above to answer questions 1
... c. magnetic reversal b. Pangea ...
... c. magnetic reversal b. Pangea ...
Sea-Floor Spreading - Madison County Schools
... Sea-floor spreading and subduction work together to create a balance in the amount of ocean that covers the planet. In the Atlantic Ocean, very little subduction occurs, meaning that the Atlantic Ocean is continuously getting larger at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Conversely, there is a massive amount of ...
... Sea-floor spreading and subduction work together to create a balance in the amount of ocean that covers the planet. In the Atlantic Ocean, very little subduction occurs, meaning that the Atlantic Ocean is continuously getting larger at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Conversely, there is a massive amount of ...
17.3 Plate Boundaries
... continental and oceanic crust moves as enormous slabs which geologists call tectonic plates Huge pieces of crust and rigid upper mantle that fit together at their edges to cover Earth’s surface Theory describes how plates move and shape Earth’s surface Attributes earthquakes, volcanoes, mounta ...
... continental and oceanic crust moves as enormous slabs which geologists call tectonic plates Huge pieces of crust and rigid upper mantle that fit together at their edges to cover Earth’s surface Theory describes how plates move and shape Earth’s surface Attributes earthquakes, volcanoes, mounta ...
Earth Science Text Assignments
... The 100 km island because rocks are increase in age the farther they are from the ridge. 40. What process occurs at deep ocean trenches? Subduction 41. How do subduction zones help recycle the Earth’s crust? Subduction allows parts of the ocean floor to sink back into the mantle 42. How long does su ...
... The 100 km island because rocks are increase in age the farther they are from the ridge. 40. What process occurs at deep ocean trenches? Subduction 41. How do subduction zones help recycle the Earth’s crust? Subduction allows parts of the ocean floor to sink back into the mantle 42. How long does su ...
File
... Divergent boundaries occur along spreading centers where plates are moving apart and new crust is created by magma pushing up from the mantle. Picture two giant conveyor belts, facing each other, but slowly moving in opposite directions as they transport newly formed oceanic crust away from the ridg ...
... Divergent boundaries occur along spreading centers where plates are moving apart and new crust is created by magma pushing up from the mantle. Picture two giant conveyor belts, facing each other, but slowly moving in opposite directions as they transport newly formed oceanic crust away from the ridg ...
Submarine Earthquakes, Part I
... If we were to drain the water from the world's oceans and take a ride along the bottom, we would see that the land under the sea has similar landforms to the earth's surface that is above water. The ocean bottom begins at the continental shelf. The continental shelf is a gentle sloping underwater pl ...
... If we were to drain the water from the world's oceans and take a ride along the bottom, we would see that the land under the sea has similar landforms to the earth's surface that is above water. The ocean bottom begins at the continental shelf. The continental shelf is a gentle sloping underwater pl ...
Sea-Floor Spreading - Madison County Schools
... Sea-floor spreading and subduction work together to create a balance in the amount of ocean that covers the planet. In the Atlantic Ocean, very little subduction occurs, meaning that the Atlantic Ocean is continuously getting larger at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Conversely, there is a massive amount of ...
... Sea-floor spreading and subduction work together to create a balance in the amount of ocean that covers the planet. In the Atlantic Ocean, very little subduction occurs, meaning that the Atlantic Ocean is continuously getting larger at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Conversely, there is a massive amount of ...
Admiralty Seamount
... usually of volcanic origin, as in the case of the Scott Seamounts, which are believed to have formed about 45 million years ago, and to be a side fracture zone from the main tectonic plate boundary between the Antarctic and Pacific plates. Consequently, they can be large, rugged, and steep. We heade ...
... usually of volcanic origin, as in the case of the Scott Seamounts, which are believed to have formed about 45 million years ago, and to be a side fracture zone from the main tectonic plate boundary between the Antarctic and Pacific plates. Consequently, they can be large, rugged, and steep. We heade ...
1 Continental Drift, Paleomagnetism, and Plate Tectonics History
... Extensional forces stretch and thin the continental crust. Upwelling of the mantle pushes up an area Convergent Boundaries Where two plates move together. AKA destructive plate margin because older portions of oceanic plates are “destroyed” here (returned to the mantle). Remember: Earth is not growi ...
... Extensional forces stretch and thin the continental crust. Upwelling of the mantle pushes up an area Convergent Boundaries Where two plates move together. AKA destructive plate margin because older portions of oceanic plates are “destroyed” here (returned to the mantle). Remember: Earth is not growi ...
Study Guide: Earth`s Structure Name: Choose the type of plate
... oceanic crust of Japan, forming an island area. ___6. The part of the Earth on which the tectonic plates are able to move is the a. lithosphere b. asthenosphere c. outer core d. subduction zone ___7. The type of plate boundary involving a collision between two tectonic plates is a. divergent b. tran ...
... oceanic crust of Japan, forming an island area. ___6. The part of the Earth on which the tectonic plates are able to move is the a. lithosphere b. asthenosphere c. outer core d. subduction zone ___7. The type of plate boundary involving a collision between two tectonic plates is a. divergent b. tran ...
2PlateTectonicsPowerPoint4
... Ocean Trenches – Why doesn’t the Earth get bigger-if the sea floor has been spreading for millions of years? – Scientists discovered trenches on ocean floor. – At these trenches, old ocean floor sinks back down into the Asthenosphere. – Old crust is destroyed at same rate it is made. ...
... Ocean Trenches – Why doesn’t the Earth get bigger-if the sea floor has been spreading for millions of years? – Scientists discovered trenches on ocean floor. – At these trenches, old ocean floor sinks back down into the Asthenosphere. – Old crust is destroyed at same rate it is made. ...
What is the Theory of Plate Tectonics?
... a) O-O: found on the seafloor where they form ocean ridges. It is in this rift where seafloor spreading begins. The formation of new ocean crust at most boundaries accounts for the high heat flow, volcanoes and earthquakes associated with these boundaries. Ex: Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the Atlantic Ocea ...
... a) O-O: found on the seafloor where they form ocean ridges. It is in this rift where seafloor spreading begins. The formation of new ocean crust at most boundaries accounts for the high heat flow, volcanoes and earthquakes associated with these boundaries. Ex: Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the Atlantic Ocea ...
AICE Env Day 5 Evidence of Plate Tectonics Stations
... underwater objects and then records the echoes of these sound waves. The mid-ocean ridges curve along the sea floor, extending into all of Earth’s oceans. Most of the mountains in the mid-ocean ridges lie hidden under hundreds of meters of water. A steep-sided valley splits the top of some mid-ocean ...
... underwater objects and then records the echoes of these sound waves. The mid-ocean ridges curve along the sea floor, extending into all of Earth’s oceans. Most of the mountains in the mid-ocean ridges lie hidden under hundreds of meters of water. A steep-sided valley splits the top of some mid-ocean ...
Semester 1 Review - Lemon Bay High School
... 11. In the mid-twentieth century, oceanographers used what devices to map the ocean floor? 12. The combined ideas of continental drift and seafloor spreading led to which overriding concept? 13. The theory of plate tectonics describes the movement of the lithosphere floating atop which of Earth's la ...
... 11. In the mid-twentieth century, oceanographers used what devices to map the ocean floor? 12. The combined ideas of continental drift and seafloor spreading led to which overriding concept? 13. The theory of plate tectonics describes the movement of the lithosphere floating atop which of Earth's la ...
Abyssal plain
An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). In addition to these elements, active oceanic basins (those that are associated with a moving plate tectonic boundary) also typically include an oceanic trench and a subduction zone.Abyssal plains were not recognized as distinct physiographic features of the sea floor until the late 1940s and, until very recently, none had been studied on a systematic basis. They are poorly preserved in the sedimentary record, because they tend to be consumed by the subduction process. The creation of the abyssal plain is the end result of spreading of the seafloor (plate tectonics) and melting of the lower oceanic crust. Magma rises from above the asthenosphere (a layer of the upper mantle) and as this basaltic material reaches the surface at mid-ocean ridges it forms new oceanic crust. This is constantly pulled sideways by spreading of the seafloor. Abyssal plains result from the blanketing of an originally uneven surface of oceanic crust by fine-grained sediments, mainly clay and silt. Much of this sediment is deposited by turbidity currents that have been channelled from the continental margins along submarine canyons down into deeper water. The remainder of the sediment is composed chiefly of pelagic sediments. Metallic nodules are common in some areas of the plains, with varying concentrations of metals, including manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, and copper. These nodules may provide a significant resource for future mining ventures.Owing in part to their vast size, abyssal plains are currently believed to be a major reservoir of biodiversity. The abyss also exerts significant influence upon ocean carbon cycling, dissolution of calcium carbonate, and atmospheric CO2 concentrations over timescales of 100–1000 years. The structure and function of abyssal ecosystems are strongly influenced by the rate of flux of food to the seafloor and the composition of the material that settles. Factors such as climate change, fishing practices, and ocean fertilization are expected to have a substantial effect on patterns of primary production in the euphotic zone. This will undoubtedly impact the flux of organic material to the abyss in a similar manner and thus have a profound effect on the structure, function and diversity of abyssal ecosystems.