Activation of ryanodine receptors induces calcium influx in a
... represents a more tractable cell model system for investigating the regulation of Ca2+ influx. The NG115-401L (or 401L) neuroblastoma cell line has been a valuable cell line model for studies investigating the mechanisms of store-operated Ca2+ influx [5,6]. Previous studies have identified 401L cell ...
... represents a more tractable cell model system for investigating the regulation of Ca2+ influx. The NG115-401L (or 401L) neuroblastoma cell line has been a valuable cell line model for studies investigating the mechanisms of store-operated Ca2+ influx [5,6]. Previous studies have identified 401L cell ...
Evidence that FGF8 signalling from the midbrain
... polarity is further supported by grafting experiments in the chick. If the rostral mesencephalon is inverted, En-2 expression is reprogrammed in the grafted tissue to form a gradient consistent with its new environment (Martinez and AlvaradoMallart, 1990; Itasaki et al., 1991). Subsequently, a norma ...
... polarity is further supported by grafting experiments in the chick. If the rostral mesencephalon is inverted, En-2 expression is reprogrammed in the grafted tissue to form a gradient consistent with its new environment (Martinez and AlvaradoMallart, 1990; Itasaki et al., 1991). Subsequently, a norma ...
Distribution of Muscarinic Acetylcholine
... this paper, I examine acetylcholine (ACh) receptor distribution in cardiac muscle in relation to the distribution of presynaptic axonal varicosities . The density of varicosities, stained with zinc iodide and osmium, ranges from 0.7/100 tt,m 2 in ventricle to 1 .9/100 [,m2 in sinus venosus. It is es ...
... this paper, I examine acetylcholine (ACh) receptor distribution in cardiac muscle in relation to the distribution of presynaptic axonal varicosities . The density of varicosities, stained with zinc iodide and osmium, ranges from 0.7/100 tt,m 2 in ventricle to 1 .9/100 [,m2 in sinus venosus. It is es ...
The role of the natriuretic peptides in the cardiovascular system
... cGMP-dependent signaling cascade. The ANP-C receptor lacks an intracellular domain. ANP and BNP both bind the ANP-A receptor with ANP to a higher preference than BNP. A BNP selective receptor has not yet been found. CNP shows high affinity for the ANP-B receptor. The ligand-binding domains of ANP-A ...
... cGMP-dependent signaling cascade. The ANP-C receptor lacks an intracellular domain. ANP and BNP both bind the ANP-A receptor with ANP to a higher preference than BNP. A BNP selective receptor has not yet been found. CNP shows high affinity for the ANP-B receptor. The ligand-binding domains of ANP-A ...
Neural induction in Xenopus requires early FGF signalling in
... appear to account for neural induction in avian embryos. It was shown that organiser graft, but not BMP inhibition, leads to neural development in chick lateral epiblast (Streit et al., 1998). Only the cells located at the border between neural and nonneural territories can take on a neural identity ...
... appear to account for neural induction in avian embryos. It was shown that organiser graft, but not BMP inhibition, leads to neural development in chick lateral epiblast (Streit et al., 1998). Only the cells located at the border between neural and nonneural territories can take on a neural identity ...
Force generation by kinesin and myosin cytoskeletal motor proteins
... whose analysis has resulted in further insights into motor function. Further information on kinesin inhibitors can be found in a recent review (Good et al., 2011). ...
... whose analysis has resulted in further insights into motor function. Further information on kinesin inhibitors can be found in a recent review (Good et al., 2011). ...
Regulation of Nerve Growth Factor Receptor Gene Expression by
... Figure 1. Expression of the NGF receptor, tyrosine hydroxylase, and neuropeptide Y mRNAs in the postnatal day 12 SCG with and without NGF treatment. Northern blot analysis of (a) NGF receptor, (b) tyrosine hydroxylase, and (c) neuropeptide Y mRNAs in equal amounts of total RNA from the SCG of an an ...
... Figure 1. Expression of the NGF receptor, tyrosine hydroxylase, and neuropeptide Y mRNAs in the postnatal day 12 SCG with and without NGF treatment. Northern blot analysis of (a) NGF receptor, (b) tyrosine hydroxylase, and (c) neuropeptide Y mRNAs in equal amounts of total RNA from the SCG of an an ...
PDF + SI
... The gliotransmitter D-serine is released upon (S)-␣-amino-3-hydroxy5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid兾kainate and metabotropic glutamate receptor stimulation, but the mechanisms involved are unknown. Here, by using a highly sensitive bioassay to continuously monitor extracellular D-serine levels, we ...
... The gliotransmitter D-serine is released upon (S)-␣-amino-3-hydroxy5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid兾kainate and metabotropic glutamate receptor stimulation, but the mechanisms involved are unknown. Here, by using a highly sensitive bioassay to continuously monitor extracellular D-serine levels, we ...
Receptor Regulation of the Volume-Sensitive Efflux of Taurine and
... neural preparations can be enhanced after activation of cellsurface receptors. The latter include P2Y purinergic receptors in rat astrocytes (Mongin and Kimelberg, 2002, 2005), M3 muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAChRs), lysophosphatidic and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors in human SHSY5Y neurob ...
... neural preparations can be enhanced after activation of cellsurface receptors. The latter include P2Y purinergic receptors in rat astrocytes (Mongin and Kimelberg, 2002, 2005), M3 muscarinic cholinergic receptors (mAChRs), lysophosphatidic and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors in human SHSY5Y neurob ...
RXR Ligands Negatively Regulate Thrombosis and Hemostasis
... platelet activity. 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis-RA), which is marketed as Alitretinoin, is used for the treatment of Kaposi sarcoma and chronic hand eczema, and decreased blood clotting is listed as one of its side effects.22,23 Treatment of platelets with RXR ligands has been shown to inhibit ADP and ...
... platelet activity. 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis-RA), which is marketed as Alitretinoin, is used for the treatment of Kaposi sarcoma and chronic hand eczema, and decreased blood clotting is listed as one of its side effects.22,23 Treatment of platelets with RXR ligands has been shown to inhibit ADP and ...
INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP
... Myostatin, or Growth and Differentiation Factor-8 (GDF-8), was first identified through sequence homology to members of the BMP/TGF- superfamily. The hypermuscular phenotype observed upon inactivation of the myostatin gene in multiple species, including mice, cattle, and most recently a human subje ...
... Myostatin, or Growth and Differentiation Factor-8 (GDF-8), was first identified through sequence homology to members of the BMP/TGF- superfamily. The hypermuscular phenotype observed upon inactivation of the myostatin gene in multiple species, including mice, cattle, and most recently a human subje ...
Ornithodoros savignyi CHAPTER 2 SIGNALING PATHWAYS REGULATING PROTEIN SECRETION FROM
... Other evidence indicates that Ca2+ is essential for secretion. Removal of Ca2+ from the support medium greatly inhibits dopamine and cAMP-stimulated secretion from isolated salivary glands (McSwain et al. 1992a). This is similar to results obtained in salivary duct cells of the cockroach, Periplanet ...
... Other evidence indicates that Ca2+ is essential for secretion. Removal of Ca2+ from the support medium greatly inhibits dopamine and cAMP-stimulated secretion from isolated salivary glands (McSwain et al. 1992a). This is similar to results obtained in salivary duct cells of the cockroach, Periplanet ...
Presynaptic Inhibition by GABA Is Mediated via Two Distinct GABA
... methylchloride and methiodide derivatives. In eight cells, the response to GABA + bicuculline methylchloride was 90 ? 5% (mean rfr SEM) of the control response to GABA alone; by way of comparison, in eight other cells the response to GABA + picrotoxin was 5.5 Ifr 2.8% of the response to GABA alone. ...
... methylchloride and methiodide derivatives. In eight cells, the response to GABA + bicuculline methylchloride was 90 ? 5% (mean rfr SEM) of the control response to GABA alone; by way of comparison, in eight other cells the response to GABA + picrotoxin was 5.5 Ifr 2.8% of the response to GABA alone. ...
Regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signalling by
... EGFR activity in time and space, which is key to ensuring that receptor outputs are commensurate to the cell and tissue needs. Here, we focus on the emerging field of inducible negative feedback regulation of the EGFR in mammals. In mammalian cells, four EGFR inducible feedback inhibitors (IFIs), na ...
... EGFR activity in time and space, which is key to ensuring that receptor outputs are commensurate to the cell and tissue needs. Here, we focus on the emerging field of inducible negative feedback regulation of the EGFR in mammals. In mammalian cells, four EGFR inducible feedback inhibitors (IFIs), na ...
regionally specific induction by the spemann
... Spemann–Mangold organizer is located in the primitive streak and Hensen’s node. A supporting signalling centre resides in the anterior visceral endoderm (AVE; yellow), which juxtaposes the prospective anterior neural plate. The primitive streak with the node (n; the mouse organizer; orange) forms at ...
... Spemann–Mangold organizer is located in the primitive streak and Hensen’s node. A supporting signalling centre resides in the anterior visceral endoderm (AVE; yellow), which juxtaposes the prospective anterior neural plate. The primitive streak with the node (n; the mouse organizer; orange) forms at ...
AMPA Receptors Are Involved in Store-Operated Calcium
... Neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis is precisely regulated by complex mechanisms (Berridge, 1998). Calcium ions activate various processes and are derived from the extracellular space or intracellular stores, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ER-dependent Ca2+ release occurs through the activation of IP ...
... Neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis is precisely regulated by complex mechanisms (Berridge, 1998). Calcium ions activate various processes and are derived from the extracellular space or intracellular stores, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ER-dependent Ca2+ release occurs through the activation of IP ...
A mutation mimicking ligandinduced conformational change yields a
... references therein). RARs bind, and are activated by, alltrans (tRA) and 9-cis (9c-RA) retinoic acids, while RXRs respond only to 9c-RA. In addition, synthetic retinoids have been described which act as RAR (isotype)- and pan-RXR-specific agonists or antagonists (see Lehmann et al., 1992; Apfel et a ...
... references therein). RARs bind, and are activated by, alltrans (tRA) and 9-cis (9c-RA) retinoic acids, while RXRs respond only to 9c-RA. In addition, synthetic retinoids have been described which act as RAR (isotype)- and pan-RXR-specific agonists or antagonists (see Lehmann et al., 1992; Apfel et a ...
Purinergic signalling
Purinergic signalling (or signaling: see American and British English differences) is a form of extracellular signalling mediated by purine nucleotides and nucleosides such as adenosine and ATP. It involves the activation of purinergic receptors in the cell and/or in nearby cells, thereby regulating cellular functions.The purinergic signalling complex of a cell is sometimes referred to as the “purinome”.