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High School Earth Science Curriculum Map
High School Earth Science Curriculum Map

... mantle, crust), the distribution of major elements, the origin of internal heat sources, and the mechanism by which heat transfer drives plate tectonics. b. Explain how the composition of the Earth’s crust, mantle and core is determined and compare it to that of other solar system objects. d. Descri ...
InsidetheEarth
InsidetheEarth

... report that the surrounding rock is getting warmer. For every 40 meters that you descend from that point, the temperature rises 1 Celsius degree. This rapid rise in temperature continues for several kilometers. After that, the temperature increases more slowly, but steadily. ...
Unit 3 study Guide
Unit 3 study Guide

... 43.) Explain what the weather should be for a landslide to occur. years of drought followed by an abundant rain 44.) What could happen on a hillside when logging has occurred? It is vulnerable to mass movements by gravity ...
Earth`s Landforms Study Guide
Earth`s Landforms Study Guide

Landforms / Earth Science Study Guide Answer Key
Landforms / Earth Science Study Guide Answer Key

... 2. Magma is molten rock under Earth’s crust. 3. A hill of sand, made and shaped by the wind is called sand dune. 4. All the kinds of landforms in a certain place are considered a topography. 5. A volcano is a mountain made of lava, ash, or other materials. 6. Jetty is a wall-like structure that trap ...
Chapter 2: Earth*s Structure
Chapter 2: Earth*s Structure

... What you’ll learn… • Classify Landforms. • Explain how landforms are produced. • Relate your knowledge of landforms to California landscapes. ...
Changes to Earth`s Surface
Changes to Earth`s Surface

... the plates grinding past each other. ...
How Are Landforms Shaped
How Are Landforms Shaped

... The earth's surface is built of material that comes from beneath the crust, or it is formed by the movement of the crust itself. The heat of the earth's interior creates convection currents in the mantle. These convection currents sometimes cause the magma in the mantle to break through the crust of ...
Chapter 2: Earth`s Structure
Chapter 2: Earth`s Structure

Earth- information sheet Homework T4 Wk1
Earth- information sheet Homework T4 Wk1

... hemisphere (meaning half of the Earth’s sphere) has winter. At this time the southern hemisphere is tilted very slightly towards the Sun and the southern hemisphere has summer. Winter in Britain means summer in New Zealand. Closer to the Equator there is much less difference between summer and winte ...
Formation of the Great Lakes Part 1 Precambrian Geology
Formation of the Great Lakes Part 1 Precambrian Geology

... Cambrian era and after  Visible life (>570 mya) ...
Earth`s+Interior+Structure
Earth`s+Interior+Structure

... Rocks in the Earth’s crust are less dense than the underlying mantle. The crust “floats” on the more dense interior material. In other words, the lithosphere “floats” on the asthenosphere. ...
Chapter 2: Earth`s Structure
Chapter 2: Earth`s Structure

The Ellipse
The Ellipse

... lithosphere, a rigid outer layer containing the crust and upper-mantle; the asthenosphere, a weaker, semi-molten layer in the mantle; and the mesosphere, a stronger layer in the lower mantle. ...
Inside the Earth
Inside the Earth

... creates our magnetic fields • Pressure makes inner core solid ...
KS4 Earth and atmosphere Learning Objectives
KS4 Earth and atmosphere Learning Objectives

... KS4 Earth and atmosphere Learning Objectives Pupils should be able to: ...
Sedimentary Rocks - McGraw Hill Higher Education
Sedimentary Rocks - McGraw Hill Higher Education

... Sand forms sandstone Silt & clay form shale or siltstone Organic materials form limestone or coal ...
Earth as a System Chapter 2.1 Earth: A Unique Planet Earth Basics
Earth as a System Chapter 2.1 Earth: A Unique Planet Earth Basics

... Compositional Zones of Earth’s Interior ...
Week 3 (Norton), part c (pdf, 4.5 MB)
Week 3 (Norton), part c (pdf, 4.5 MB)

... In her compendium on why Plate Tectonics took so long to be accepted in the U.S., one of Oreskes’ contributors, David Sandwell, advances an arresting proposition. In a chapter entitled “Earth’s plate tectonics from a Martian perspective,” he suggests that the problem faced by earthbound geologists ...
Assessment-Earl Burnett Spring 2008
Assessment-Earl Burnett Spring 2008

... Attached is the brief quiz that I used for my assessment analysis. This quiz was given after each student completed the final exam. They were told that the quiz would not affect their grade in the course—a mistake on my part because they, for the most part, probably did not take the quiz seriously. ...
8th Grade
8th Grade

... 4. A place of Earth’s crust where unusually hot magma has broken through the surface in the middle of a tectonic plate is a(n) ______________________________________. CONCEPTS 5. The world’s most active volcano is ____________________________ in __________________________. 6. The land of fire and ic ...
Earth`s Interior Processes
Earth`s Interior Processes

... asthenosphere (upper mantle). •  Alfred Wegener – proposed that the earth’s continents were once joined in a single supercontinent (known as Pangea) and broke apart into the continents –  This process was known as continental drift ...
Earth Science Review - elyceum-beta
Earth Science Review - elyceum-beta

... • Concept which determines how lithospheres' plates can move • Hot material rises to the surface, pushing older cooler material aside • Cold material sinks back into the interior of the earth ...
Introduction to Canada`s Geologic
Introduction to Canada`s Geologic

... •  Mass of iron, about 3500C •  Solid due to immense pressure 2. The Outer Core is… •  Mass of molten iron and nickel, surrounding inner core, 5000C •  The entire core is about 3500km thick 3. The Mantle is… •  A rock layer about 2900km thick, surrounding the outer core •  Outer layer is known as th ...
STEINWAY INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL 141Q A NASA Explorer
STEINWAY INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL 141Q A NASA Explorer

...  Fracture: The manner in which a mineral breaks along either curved or irregular surfaces.  Hardness: A measure of the ability of a mineral to resist scratching.  Mohs Scale: Minerals are assigned a number between 1 & 10 to indicate their hardness.  Rock: A solid material made up of minerals, fo ...
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Age of the Earth



The age of the Earth is 4.54 ± 0.05 billion years (4.54 × 109 years ± 1%). This age is based on evidence from radiometric age dating of meteorite material and is consistent with the radiometric ages of the oldest-known terrestrial and lunar samples.Following the development of radiometric age dating in the early 20th century, measurements of lead in uranium-rich minerals showed that some were in excess of a billion years old.The oldest such minerals analyzed to date—small crystals of zircon from the Jack Hills of Western Australia—are at least 4.404 billion years old. Comparing the mass and luminosity of the Sun to those of other stars, it appears that the Solar System cannot be much older than those rocks. Calcium-aluminium-rich inclusions – the oldest known solid constituents within meteorites that are formed within the Solar System – are 4.567 billion years old, giving an age for the solar system and an upper limit for the age of Earth.It is hypothesised that the accretion of Earth began soon after the formation of the calcium-aluminium-rich inclusions and the meteorites. Because the exact amount of time this accretion process took is not yet known, and the predictions from different accretion models range from a few millions up to about 100 million years, the exact age of Earth is difficult to determine. It is also difficult to determine the exact age of the oldest rocks on Earth, exposed at the surface, as they are aggregates of minerals of possibly different ages.
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