Introduction
... models to understand deformation on all scales (micro, meso, macro) Geometric model: 3D interpretation of the distribution and orientation of features within the earth crust Kinematic model: Specific history of motion that could have carried the system from an undeformed to its deformed state (or fr ...
... models to understand deformation on all scales (micro, meso, macro) Geometric model: 3D interpretation of the distribution and orientation of features within the earth crust Kinematic model: Specific history of motion that could have carried the system from an undeformed to its deformed state (or fr ...
Faults
... and vertical compression that squeezes rock and creates a shortening of the crust. This causes rock on one side of a reverse fault to be pushed up relative to the other side. ...
... and vertical compression that squeezes rock and creates a shortening of the crust. This causes rock on one side of a reverse fault to be pushed up relative to the other side. ...
Global Landforms - Continental Drift
... Seafloor spreading • Continuous process of forming new igneous rock at midocean ridges due to the magma that comes up. ...
... Seafloor spreading • Continuous process of forming new igneous rock at midocean ridges due to the magma that comes up. ...
Name: ___________________________ Chapter 6 Notes: Earthquakes Stress
... Earthquake: shaking and trembling that results from the movement of rock beneath earth’s surface Caused by forces of plate movement. The movement causes stress in the crust At the fault Stress increases until the rock breaks Releases an enormous amount of energy ...
... Earthquake: shaking and trembling that results from the movement of rock beneath earth’s surface Caused by forces of plate movement. The movement causes stress in the crust At the fault Stress increases until the rock breaks Releases an enormous amount of energy ...
Rock–Water Interaction (for Beginners)
... For all of the above questions, geologists have fascinating, albeit only partial, answers. In fact, these questions are the subject of active research by hundreds of geologists around the world, including those in our institute at the University of Bern. For the moment we shall answer only the last ...
... For all of the above questions, geologists have fascinating, albeit only partial, answers. In fact, these questions are the subject of active research by hundreds of geologists around the world, including those in our institute at the University of Bern. For the moment we shall answer only the last ...
Supplemental Earth Science Review Questions
... 8. Which of the following is not evidence of tectonic plate movement? A. The pattern of the magnetic striping is the same on both sides of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. B. Rock samples taken near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge are much younger than those taken near the west coast of Africa and the east coast of S ...
... 8. Which of the following is not evidence of tectonic plate movement? A. The pattern of the magnetic striping is the same on both sides of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. B. Rock samples taken near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge are much younger than those taken near the west coast of Africa and the east coast of S ...
Ocean - International Year of Planet Earth
... to be associated with much higher numbers of foreshocks but lower numbers of aftershocks in comparison to continental counterparts. Moreover, changes in ocean tides appear to have triggered seismicity in the vicinity of submarine volcanoes. New knowledge obtained from studying the way the rocky shel ...
... to be associated with much higher numbers of foreshocks but lower numbers of aftershocks in comparison to continental counterparts. Moreover, changes in ocean tides appear to have triggered seismicity in the vicinity of submarine volcanoes. New knowledge obtained from studying the way the rocky shel ...
landscapes
... Within Rock Cycle • Weathering: Parent rock breaks apart into smaller rocks. • Erosion: Rocks become individual grains. • Transportation: Material is transported by wind, water or gravity. • Deposition: Material comes to rest in new location and often additional material piles up on top. ...
... Within Rock Cycle • Weathering: Parent rock breaks apart into smaller rocks. • Erosion: Rocks become individual grains. • Transportation: Material is transported by wind, water or gravity. • Deposition: Material comes to rest in new location and often additional material piles up on top. ...
Section 1 Inside the Earth Chapter 15 Tectonic Plates, continued A
... • Earth’s core is divided into two parts. • The outer core is liquid and is right under the mantle. • The inner core is solid iron and is the center of the Earth. ...
... • Earth’s core is divided into two parts. • The outer core is liquid and is right under the mantle. • The inner core is solid iron and is the center of the Earth. ...
Chapter 6: Igneous Rocks
... • Magma is molten rock, while lava is magma on the Earth’s surface. • Igneous rocks may be either extrusive if they form at the surface (ex. basalt) or intrusive if magma solidifies underground (ex. granite). Watch Video ...
... • Magma is molten rock, while lava is magma on the Earth’s surface. • Igneous rocks may be either extrusive if they form at the surface (ex. basalt) or intrusive if magma solidifies underground (ex. granite). Watch Video ...
Key concepts
... -know the difference between oceanic crust & continental crust -know how pressure and temperature change as you move through the layers of the earth and their effects on the behavior of rocks -know the internal source of heat inside the earth and how heat moves by conduction or convection -know how ...
... -know the difference between oceanic crust & continental crust -know how pressure and temperature change as you move through the layers of the earth and their effects on the behavior of rocks -know the internal source of heat inside the earth and how heat moves by conduction or convection -know how ...
Earth Science Honors
... • 2 different models for plate-mantle convection • see the following figures ...
... • 2 different models for plate-mantle convection • see the following figures ...
The Role of Plate Tectonics in Earth Sciences
... Consequences of Plate Tectonics Ocean floor age ...
... Consequences of Plate Tectonics Ocean floor age ...
Alfred Lothar Wegener, 1880-1930
... continents were brought together. For example, the Appalachian mountains of eastern North America matched with the Scottish Highlands, and the distinctive rock strata of the Karroo system of South Africa were identical to those of the Santa Catarina system in Brazil. Wegener also found that the foss ...
... continents were brought together. For example, the Appalachian mountains of eastern North America matched with the Scottish Highlands, and the distinctive rock strata of the Karroo system of South Africa were identical to those of the Santa Catarina system in Brazil. Wegener also found that the foss ...
File
... Directed Reading Section: Deforming the Earth’s Crust Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. ...
... Directed Reading Section: Deforming the Earth’s Crust Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. ...
CH. 8 EARTH SYSTEMS
... • Physical Weathering- the mechanical breakdown of rocks and minerals by water, wind, or variations in temperature. It can also be caused by plant roots and burrowing animals. It produces a greater surface area for chemical weathering processes to work on. • Chemical Weathering-the break down of roc ...
... • Physical Weathering- the mechanical breakdown of rocks and minerals by water, wind, or variations in temperature. It can also be caused by plant roots and burrowing animals. It produces a greater surface area for chemical weathering processes to work on. • Chemical Weathering-the break down of roc ...
Chapter 9 Plate Tectonics
... Southern Hemisphere that today have tropical climates. There is no way these ice sheets could have existed unless the continents were in different locations in the distant past ...
... Southern Hemisphere that today have tropical climates. There is no way these ice sheets could have existed unless the continents were in different locations in the distant past ...
Internal Assessment Resource
... Taupo Volcanic Zone. The reasons for the types of magma produced needs to be explained. It is assumed that the geological processes of weathering and/or erosion are discussed in relation to the formation of the TVZ current landforms. For grade differentiation, holistic judgement of student presentat ...
... Taupo Volcanic Zone. The reasons for the types of magma produced needs to be explained. It is assumed that the geological processes of weathering and/or erosion are discussed in relation to the formation of the TVZ current landforms. For grade differentiation, holistic judgement of student presentat ...
Powerpoint
... around the Sun, (b) has sufficient mass for its selfgravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape, and (c) has cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit. (2) A “dwarf planet” is a celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun, (b) has s ...
... around the Sun, (b) has sufficient mass for its selfgravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape, and (c) has cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit. (2) A “dwarf planet” is a celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun, (b) has s ...
Age of the Earth
The age of the Earth is 4.54 ± 0.05 billion years (4.54 × 109 years ± 1%). This age is based on evidence from radiometric age dating of meteorite material and is consistent with the radiometric ages of the oldest-known terrestrial and lunar samples.Following the development of radiometric age dating in the early 20th century, measurements of lead in uranium-rich minerals showed that some were in excess of a billion years old.The oldest such minerals analyzed to date—small crystals of zircon from the Jack Hills of Western Australia—are at least 4.404 billion years old. Comparing the mass and luminosity of the Sun to those of other stars, it appears that the Solar System cannot be much older than those rocks. Calcium-aluminium-rich inclusions – the oldest known solid constituents within meteorites that are formed within the Solar System – are 4.567 billion years old, giving an age for the solar system and an upper limit for the age of Earth.It is hypothesised that the accretion of Earth began soon after the formation of the calcium-aluminium-rich inclusions and the meteorites. Because the exact amount of time this accretion process took is not yet known, and the predictions from different accretion models range from a few millions up to about 100 million years, the exact age of Earth is difficult to determine. It is also difficult to determine the exact age of the oldest rocks on Earth, exposed at the surface, as they are aggregates of minerals of possibly different ages.