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Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Chapter 7, Section 4 (p. 206) Directed Reading Section: Deforming the Earth’s Crust Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 1. What do we call the amount of force placed on something? a. stress b. drift c. uplift d. bending DEFORMATION 2. What is it called when rock changes shape because of stress? a. deformation b. re-formation c. compression d. tension COMPRESSION AND TENSION Read the words in the box. Read the sentences. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. compression tension convergent divergent 3. Stress that happens when something is squeezed is called ______________________ 4. Rock layers are squeezed at ______________________ boundaries. 5. Stress that happens when something is stretched is called ______________________. 6. Rock layers are stretched at ______________________ boundaries. Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 19 Plate Tectonics Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Directed Reading B continued FOLDING Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 7. What is the bending of rock layers because of stress called? a. faulting b. folding c. compression d. stress Types of Folds Read the description. Then, draw a line from the dot next to each description to the matching word. 8. a rock layer fold that looks like an arch 9. a rock layer fold that dips down like a trough 10. a rock layer fold that looks bent in the middle FAULTING 11. the surface along which rocks break and slide past each other 12. fault block you could rest a foot on 13. fault block you could hang from on a rope • • • • • • a. anticline b. monocline c. syncline a. hanging wall b. footwall c. fault Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 20 Plate Tectonics Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Directed Reading A continued Normal Faults Read the words in the box. Read the sentences. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. normal fault reverse fault strike-slip fault sedimentary rock 14. When the hanging wall moves downward against the footwall it is a ______________________ Reverse Faults 15. When a______________________ fault moves, the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall. Telling the Difference Between Faults 16. You can tell a fault is normal by looking at the order of ______________________ layers. Strike-Slip Faults 17. When rock breaks and moves sideways in opposite directions, it is a ______________________. PLATE TECTONICS AND MOUNTAIN BUILDING Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 18. What can faults and folds become? a. a mid-ocean ridge c. a mountain range b. a tectonic plate d. a volcano Folded Mountains 19. What mountains are formed when rock layers are squeezed together and pushed up? a. folded mountains c. volcanic mountains b. fault-block mountains d. strike-slip mountains Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 21 Plate Tectonics Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Directed Reading A continued Fault-Block Mountains Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 20. What type of mountains are formed when Earth’s crust is stretched? a. folded mountains b. fault-block mountains c. volcanic mountains d.strike-slip mountains Volcanic Mountains 21. What type of mountains are formed when magma rises to Earth’s surface and erupts? a. folded mountains b. fault-block mountains c. volcanic mountains d. strike-slip mountains UPLIFT AND SUBSIDENCE 22. What is it called when parts of the Earth’s crust rise? a. uplift b. subsidence c. rebound d. letdown 23. What is it called when parts of Earth’s crust sink? a. uplift b. subsidence c. rebound d. letdown Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 22 Plate Tectonics Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Directed Reading A continued Uplifting of Depressed Rocks Circle the letter of the best answer for each question. 24. What happens when rock layers rebound? a. They break. b. They deform. c. They sink lower. d. They return to their original elevation. Subsidence of Cooler Rocks 25. What happens in the ocean when rock layers cool? a. The ocean floor sinks. b. The ocean floor erupts. c. The ocean floor rises. d. The ocean floor spreads. Tectonic Letdown 26. What is a rift zone? a. an ocean ridge b. a mountain range c. a set of deep cracks d. a fault and a fold d. strike-slip mountains Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt Science and Technology 23 Plate Tectonics