Effects of various oxidants and antioxidants on the p38
... It has been indicated that the three well established MAPK family members (JNKs, ERKs and p38-MAPK) play a significant role in the determination of either an anti-apoptotic or pro-apoptotic myocyte fate, which follows the oxidative stress induction [3, 4, 16, 18, 19]. p38-MAPK is implicated in one o ...
... It has been indicated that the three well established MAPK family members (JNKs, ERKs and p38-MAPK) play a significant role in the determination of either an anti-apoptotic or pro-apoptotic myocyte fate, which follows the oxidative stress induction [3, 4, 16, 18, 19]. p38-MAPK is implicated in one o ...
The potato tuber mitochondrial proteome
... (Figure S2). Its ortholog in Arabidopsis (At3g46870) was identified as a plastid protein ...
... (Figure S2). Its ortholog in Arabidopsis (At3g46870) was identified as a plastid protein ...
No Slide Title
... • “Men also know how to build engines.” (propulsion) • “Inability to balance and steer still confronts students of the flying problem.” (control) • “When this one feature has been worked out, the age of flying will have arrived, for all other difficulties are of minor importance.” ...
... • “Men also know how to build engines.” (propulsion) • “Inability to balance and steer still confronts students of the flying problem.” (control) • “When this one feature has been worked out, the age of flying will have arrived, for all other difficulties are of minor importance.” ...
Structural And Functional Studies Of Nicotinamide Adenine
... Figure 3.11 SpNadD structural homolog active site comparisons .....................................75 Figure 3.12 SpNadD putative substrate binding pocket ....................................................76 Figure 4.1 Schematic of general spNadE reaction .......................................... ...
... Figure 3.11 SpNadD structural homolog active site comparisons .....................................75 Figure 3.12 SpNadD putative substrate binding pocket ....................................................76 Figure 4.1 Schematic of general spNadE reaction .......................................... ...
Characterization of Low Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits by
... extenders (Kasarda 1989) in having at least two cysteines available to form intermolecular disulfide cross-links with other protein molecules. What then of the LMW-mr- and LMW-mh-type subunits we have found that have no cysteine at position 5 and the LMW-s-type subunits that also have no cysteine ne ...
... extenders (Kasarda 1989) in having at least two cysteines available to form intermolecular disulfide cross-links with other protein molecules. What then of the LMW-mr- and LMW-mh-type subunits we have found that have no cysteine at position 5 and the LMW-s-type subunits that also have no cysteine ne ...
application of recombinant smr-domain containing protein of
... protein with a predicted isoelectric point of 5.8. The deduced amino acid sequence (712 amino acids) contained the conserved domain of Small mutS related (Smr) superfamily protein, with similarity with the Smr domain protein of Brugia malayi. The fusion His-tagged 81 kDa recombinant protein expresse ...
... protein with a predicted isoelectric point of 5.8. The deduced amino acid sequence (712 amino acids) contained the conserved domain of Small mutS related (Smr) superfamily protein, with similarity with the Smr domain protein of Brugia malayi. The fusion His-tagged 81 kDa recombinant protein expresse ...
Biochemical and Cellular Investigation of Vitreoscilla Hemoglobin
... efficiency [3, 36], cellular metabolism [21], and alleviation of nitrosative stress [18, 22]. Recently, peroxidase-like activity has been disclosed in VHb [25, 38]. The steadystate kinetic study has revealed that VHb catalyzes the oxidation of various aromatic substrates via a ping-pong mechanism, a ...
... efficiency [3, 36], cellular metabolism [21], and alleviation of nitrosative stress [18, 22]. Recently, peroxidase-like activity has been disclosed in VHb [25, 38]. The steadystate kinetic study has revealed that VHb catalyzes the oxidation of various aromatic substrates via a ping-pong mechanism, a ...
gender determines the igf-i sensitivity of muscle protein anabolism
... phosphorylation and activation of 4E-BP1 and p70S6K. It is downstream of PI3-kinase, and itself promotes the phosphorylation and activation of mTOR (4, 7, 48, 57). 4E-BP1, in its unphosphorylated form, functions as an mRNA translation initiation repressor by binding to eukaryotic initiation factor 4 ...
... phosphorylation and activation of 4E-BP1 and p70S6K. It is downstream of PI3-kinase, and itself promotes the phosphorylation and activation of mTOR (4, 7, 48, 57). 4E-BP1, in its unphosphorylated form, functions as an mRNA translation initiation repressor by binding to eukaryotic initiation factor 4 ...
Amino acid residues that determine functional specificity of NADP
... Apart from 344Lys, 345Tyr, and 351Val, several other amino acids contact cofactor in most considered structures: substrate-specific residues 103Leu, 105Thr, 337Ala, and 341Thr contact the nicotinamide nucleotide and thus spatially lie between the cofactor-binding and the substratebinding pockets. The ...
... Apart from 344Lys, 345Tyr, and 351Val, several other amino acids contact cofactor in most considered structures: substrate-specific residues 103Leu, 105Thr, 337Ala, and 341Thr contact the nicotinamide nucleotide and thus spatially lie between the cofactor-binding and the substratebinding pockets. The ...
Creation of a Selective Antagonist and Agonist of the Rat VPAC1
... Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) are neuropeptides with widespread distribution in both the central and the peripheral nervous systems. Besides being a central neurotransmitter, VIP is involved in the nervous control of vascular a ...
... Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) are neuropeptides with widespread distribution in both the central and the peripheral nervous systems. Besides being a central neurotransmitter, VIP is involved in the nervous control of vascular a ...
The UBA2 Domain Functions as an Intrinsic Stabilization Signal that
... was sufficient to completely abrogate the protective effect, suggesting that a proper UBA fold is important for the inhibitory activity (Figure 2C). The UBA2 domain Does Not Cause General Impairment of the Ubiquitin/Proteasome System It has been reported that UBA domains can act as general inhibitor ...
... was sufficient to completely abrogate the protective effect, suggesting that a proper UBA fold is important for the inhibitory activity (Figure 2C). The UBA2 domain Does Not Cause General Impairment of the Ubiquitin/Proteasome System It has been reported that UBA domains can act as general inhibitor ...
ZO-3, a Novel Member of the MAGUK Protein Family Found at the
... that ZO-1 binds to occludin (15) and the Ras target AF-6 (47). Additional observations suggest that ZO-1 has the capacity to bind spectrin (15, 20), although localization of this cytoskeletal protein to the tight junction has not been documented. These observations, together with the protein-bindin ...
... that ZO-1 binds to occludin (15) and the Ras target AF-6 (47). Additional observations suggest that ZO-1 has the capacity to bind spectrin (15, 20), although localization of this cytoskeletal protein to the tight junction has not been documented. These observations, together with the protein-bindin ...
C urrent and prospective applications of metal ion–protein
... factor of the specificity reached in some IMAC based purification protocols. These chelating substances are attached on the sorbent surface via spacers (linkage groups) which can vary in length and composition. The final structure formed after the metal ion is chelated by the chelating group must al ...
... factor of the specificity reached in some IMAC based purification protocols. These chelating substances are attached on the sorbent surface via spacers (linkage groups) which can vary in length and composition. The final structure formed after the metal ion is chelated by the chelating group must al ...
From Sequence to Function
... similarity and to search for related sequences in the sequence databases. Sequence comparison alone gives only limited information at present, and in most cases, other experimental and structural information is also important for indicating possible biochemical function and mechanism of action. We n ...
... similarity and to search for related sequences in the sequence databases. Sequence comparison alone gives only limited information at present, and in most cases, other experimental and structural information is also important for indicating possible biochemical function and mechanism of action. We n ...
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
... Supplementary Fig. 5. Effects of various salts on the thermostability of purified vcINDY ...
... Supplementary Fig. 5. Effects of various salts on the thermostability of purified vcINDY ...
Chapter 5 Lodish 6E
... In the cultured cells, transfection of either siRNA-p24 or siRNA-p25 yielded a viral titer that was slightly lower than the control transfection. This result indicates that reduction of either p24 mRNA or p25 mRNA (and presumably the proteins encoded by them) only minimally affects the ability of th ...
... In the cultured cells, transfection of either siRNA-p24 or siRNA-p25 yielded a viral titer that was slightly lower than the control transfection. This result indicates that reduction of either p24 mRNA or p25 mRNA (and presumably the proteins encoded by them) only minimally affects the ability of th ...
Poster
... protein. This SNARE protein is responsible for synaptic vesicle fusion, and in processes such as muscle contraction, fusion allows essential neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine (ACh) to be released. Since ACh release is inhibited, resulting in flaccid muscle paralysis. 1.1 Binding: First, BoNT/A ...
... protein. This SNARE protein is responsible for synaptic vesicle fusion, and in processes such as muscle contraction, fusion allows essential neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine (ACh) to be released. Since ACh release is inhibited, resulting in flaccid muscle paralysis. 1.1 Binding: First, BoNT/A ...
Marginally hydrophobic transmembrane helices shaping membrane protein folding
... acyl chain allowing it to pack tightly, whereas unsaturated fatty acids contain kinks resulting in increased fluidity. In addition, incorporation of rigid steroidic lipids, such as cholesterol, confer stability (16) . Membrane fluidity is also dependent on temperature and some organisms can adjust t ...
... acyl chain allowing it to pack tightly, whereas unsaturated fatty acids contain kinks resulting in increased fluidity. In addition, incorporation of rigid steroidic lipids, such as cholesterol, confer stability (16) . Membrane fluidity is also dependent on temperature and some organisms can adjust t ...
Serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphorylation regulates
... TCSs are signal transduction devices that were initially discovered in bacteria (Ninfa & Magasani, 1986; Nixon et al., 1986). They play an important role in signal sensing and response to various stimuli, enabling the organisms to adapt to environmental changes. A typical TCS consists of a histidine ...
... TCSs are signal transduction devices that were initially discovered in bacteria (Ninfa & Magasani, 1986; Nixon et al., 1986). They play an important role in signal sensing and response to various stimuli, enabling the organisms to adapt to environmental changes. A typical TCS consists of a histidine ...
3-4 (Weigent)
... About 50% of the growth hormone in the blood is bound in this form. c. On the cells that have lost their receptor, those cells become desensitized to growth hormone. Some people with acromegaly could use some desensitization so this may be used as a therapy. XI. [S11] hGh receptor a. This is the gro ...
... About 50% of the growth hormone in the blood is bound in this form. c. On the cells that have lost their receptor, those cells become desensitized to growth hormone. Some people with acromegaly could use some desensitization so this may be used as a therapy. XI. [S11] hGh receptor a. This is the gro ...
Molecular Cloning and Expression of a 2-Arylpropionyl
... in prostaglandin biosynthesis (1). Clinically, most 2-arylpropionic acids are administered as racemates. An important pathway in the metabolism of 2-arylpropionic acids is the chiral inversion in which the (2)-R-enantiomers, which are inactive in terms of COX inhibition, are inverted to the COXinhib ...
... in prostaglandin biosynthesis (1). Clinically, most 2-arylpropionic acids are administered as racemates. An important pathway in the metabolism of 2-arylpropionic acids is the chiral inversion in which the (2)-R-enantiomers, which are inactive in terms of COX inhibition, are inverted to the COXinhib ...
Structure of human cystathionine synthase: a
... The structure of glutaredoxin from Escherichia coli can be roughly superimposed onto CBS (Figure 3D). In this superposition a-helix 1 of glutaredoxin ®ts onto a-helix 7 of CBS and a-helix 3 onto a-helix 8 of CBS, but in opposite directions. The four strands of the central b-sheet of glutaredoxin ®t ...
... The structure of glutaredoxin from Escherichia coli can be roughly superimposed onto CBS (Figure 3D). In this superposition a-helix 1 of glutaredoxin ®ts onto a-helix 7 of CBS and a-helix 3 onto a-helix 8 of CBS, but in opposite directions. The four strands of the central b-sheet of glutaredoxin ®t ...
Document
... these AA are therefore called (dietary) non-essential AA.Although the pig has the potential to synthesize these AA, this does not mean that the synthesis capacity is sufficient to fulfil the requirements. Arginine is often considered as one of the non-essential AA for which the synthesis capacity ma ...
... these AA are therefore called (dietary) non-essential AA.Although the pig has the potential to synthesize these AA, this does not mean that the synthesis capacity is sufficient to fulfil the requirements. Arginine is often considered as one of the non-essential AA for which the synthesis capacity ma ...
tr-kit promotes the formation of a multimolecular complex composed
... carboxyl-terminal domain and it is the main substrate for Src-like kinases in mitosis (Taylor and Shalloway, 1994); it has been demonstrated that the interaction with the SH3 domain of Fyn is necessary for Fyn-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of Sam68 (Shen et al., 1999). Once phosphorylated in th ...
... carboxyl-terminal domain and it is the main substrate for Src-like kinases in mitosis (Taylor and Shalloway, 1994); it has been demonstrated that the interaction with the SH3 domain of Fyn is necessary for Fyn-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of Sam68 (Shen et al., 1999). Once phosphorylated in th ...
Peptide inhibitors of the essential cell division protein FtsA
... the prokaryotic cell division machinery to identify attractive new targets because they encode essential proteins leading to a lethal phenotype when inhibited. These proteins are highly conserved in bacterial species but absent in eukaryotic cells. They are extremely sensitive to inhibition because ...
... the prokaryotic cell division machinery to identify attractive new targets because they encode essential proteins leading to a lethal phenotype when inhibited. These proteins are highly conserved in bacterial species but absent in eukaryotic cells. They are extremely sensitive to inhibition because ...
G protein–coupled receptor
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR), constitute a large protein family of receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses. Coupling with G proteins, they are called seven-transmembrane receptors because they pass through the cell membrane seven times.G protein–coupled receptors are found only in eukaryotes, including yeast, choanoflagellates, and animals. The ligands that bind and activate these receptors include light-sensitive compounds, odors, pheromones, hormones, and neurotransmitters, and vary in size from small molecules to peptides to large proteins. G protein–coupled receptors are involved in many diseases, and are also the target of approximately 40% of all modern medicinal drugs. Two of the United States's top five selling drugs (Hydrocodone and Lisinopril) act by targeting a G protein–coupled receptor. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Brian Kobilka and Robert Lefkowitz for their work that was ""crucial for understanding how G protein–coupled receptors function."". There have been at least seven other Nobel Prizes awarded for some aspect of G protein–mediated signaling.There are two principal signal transduction pathways involving the G protein–coupled receptors: the cAMP signal pathway and the phosphatidylinositol signal pathway. When a ligand binds to the GPCR it causes a conformational change in the GPCR, which allows it to act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). The GPCR can then activate an associated G protein by exchanging its bound GDP for a GTP. The G protein's α subunit, together with the bound GTP, can then dissociate from the β and γ subunits to further affect intracellular signaling proteins or target functional proteins directly depending on the α subunit type (Gαs, Gαi/o, Gαq/11, Gα12/13).