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Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Earthquakes and Volcanoes

... Unit D Chapter 1 Lesson 3 Pgs D22-D29 ...
On the Moon - Utah Compose
On the Moon - Utah Compose

... feather will fall just as fast as a hammer! In fact, the astronauts tested that out in 1968 when they landed on the moon. The moon is made up of different types of landscapes; just like there are different landscapes on Earth. The moon’s landscapes are called the Highlands and the Maria. The Maria l ...
Dating the Earth 6-to-a-page
Dating the Earth 6-to-a-page

... • Radioactivity is the spontaneous decay of an atom’s nucleus to a more stable form • The heat from radioactivity helps explain why the Earth is still warm inside • Radioactivity provides geologists with a powerful tool to measure absolute ages of rocks and past geologic events ...
What is a Volcano? - Trimble County Schools
What is a Volcano? - Trimble County Schools

... plates. The plates slide or drift about continuously over a layer of partly melted rock. As the plates move, their boundaries collide, spread apart, or slide past one another. Most volcanic eruptions occur at the plate boundaries or when two plates move. Plates that are constantly moving and causing ...
Biological Science - Graves County Schools
Biological Science - Graves County Schools

... The only thing certain is that everything changes. Elementary students build a foundational knowledge of change by observing slow and fast changes caused by nature in their own environment, noting changes that humans and other organisms cause in their environment, and observing fossils found in or n ...
Earth Science Chapter 5: Earthquakes Lecture Notes
Earth Science Chapter 5: Earthquakes Lecture Notes

... During the late 1800s, scientists developed seismographs that were much more sensitive and accurate than any earlier devices. A simple seismograph can consist of a heavy weight attached to a frame by a spring or wire. A pen connected to the weight rests its point on a drum that can rotate. As the dr ...
Unit One Notes
Unit One Notes

... Continental Margin – ocean basins begin many kilometers out to sea. The area between the basin and the shoreline is the continental margin, made up of the continental shelf and the continental slope.  Sediments, which are created from rocks eroded by weather, are carried by rivers into oceans and e ...
Rock Cycle & Igneous Rocks
Rock Cycle & Igneous Rocks

... and/or pyroxene. Mafic rocks are dominated by plagioclase and pyroxene (even if you can't see them with the naked eye) and smaller amounts of olivine. Intermediate rocks are roughly even mixtures of felsic minerals (mainly plagioclase) and mafic minerals (mainly hornblende, pyroxene, and/or biotite) ...
Problem Set #1 due Mon, 2/09/09 Please answer the following
Problem Set #1 due Mon, 2/09/09 Please answer the following

... 2. What is the difference between the theory of plate tectonics and the theory of continental drift? 3. What is the difference between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere? 4. Explain how a rock can record information about the Earth's magnetic field. 5. What are the three main types of plate bound ...
Earthquake intensity, elastic rebound theory and plate boundaries.
Earthquake intensity, elastic rebound theory and plate boundaries.

... Focus: The location on a fault where earthquake rupture initiates. Hypocentre: The calculated position of an earthquake focus. Epicentre: That point on the Earth's surface directly above the hypocentre. Magnitude: A measure of the strength of an earthquake, as determined by seismographic observation ...
An ore is a rock rich in valuable minerals
An ore is a rock rich in valuable minerals

... removed from the Earth’s crust. Workers use machines to dig out the ore. ...
Study Guide
Study Guide

... - Densities in the interior of Earth must be very high since the average density of Earth is almost twice as great as the average density of the crust. - The interior must consist of roughly spherical homogeneous layers since Earth doesn’t wobble much as it rotates and the value of gravity over the ...
World Geography 3200/3202
World Geography 3200/3202

... land, in others they're just ocean, and, in still other cases, they consist of land and ocean. • They each have different boundaries and move in all different directions. ...
Plate Tectonics – Guided Notes
Plate Tectonics – Guided Notes

... Features found at a subduction zone….. • __________________ • __________________ • __________________ ...
C:\Users\jmhemzac\Desktop\2017 spring\121 final rev S17f.wpd
C:\Users\jmhemzac\Desktop\2017 spring\121 final rev S17f.wpd

... Use map features (e,g., stream drainage patterns, or other map symbols/ labels) to determine general topographic characteristics of an area, such as determining high vs. low areas. e.g., Recognize how drainage patterns of streams are related to differences in topography: radial (Mt. Rainier) vs. den ...
GEOL_106_lecture_03_..
GEOL_106_lecture_03_..

... Tectonics became a coherent theory to explain crustal movements. Plates are composed of lithosphere about 100 km thick that "float" on the ductile asthenosphere. While the continents do indeed appear to drift, they do so only because they are part of larger plates that float and move horizontally on ...
Evolution of Seafloor Spreading Rate Based on 40Ar
Evolution of Seafloor Spreading Rate Based on 40Ar

... Subscriptsrepresent as follows: mant = mantle, oc = oceanic crust, cc = continental crust, and arm = atmosphere,respectively. A•½is the accretionratio of potassium,which is a free parameter in this model. The fraction A•½ of potassium in the subducting oceaniccrust is assumedto be transported to the ...
Plate Tectonics of the Pacific Northwest Ocean Basin
Plate Tectonics of the Pacific Northwest Ocean Basin

... and Adjacent Ocean Basin Frank D. Granshaw 2007 ...
What is an Earthquake
What is an Earthquake

... two plates meet, called faults. They are mostly generated deep within the earth's crust, when the pressure between two plates is too great for them to be held in place. The underground rocks then snap, sending shock waves out in all directions. These are called seismic waves. The point at which an e ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... forces and volcanics (e.g., the Andes of South America). Magma material rises from descending slab and builds volcanoes in the rising ...
Volcanoes and Igneous Activity Earth - Chapter 4
Volcanoes and Igneous Activity Earth - Chapter 4

... Hot spots and mantle plumes • Caused by rising plumes of mantle material • Volcanoes can form over them (Hawaiian Island chain) • Mantle plumes • Long-lived structures • Some originate at great depth, perhaps at the mantle-core boundary ...
The Structure and Origin of the Ocean Basins The water Planet
The Structure and Origin of the Ocean Basins The water Planet

... In fact, as the lithospheric plates diverged at the mid-oceanic ridge it will be converged with another plate on the other side. In some places, the movement of the plates causes them to collide with one another. When this occurs, earthquakes are formed, and the heavier and denser oceanic plates sin ...
AQA A2 Unit 3: Contemporary Geographical Issues Plate tectonics
AQA A2 Unit 3: Contemporary Geographical Issues Plate tectonics

S Waves - new-technologies
S Waves - new-technologies

... Earthquakes occur due to movements that take place within the Earth. Large pressures build up between huge plates of land both above and below the sea. The release of these pressures is accompanied by huge releases of energy as one land mass slides against another. ...
HS-ESS3 Earth and Human Activity (Unit 5: Minerals and Resources)
HS-ESS3 Earth and Human Activity (Unit 5: Minerals and Resources)

... HS-ESS3-1. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the availability of natural resources, occurrence of natural hazards, and changes in climate have influenced human activity. [Clarification Statement: Examples of key natural resources include access to fresh water (such as rivers, lakes, ...
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Geophysics



Geophysics /dʒiːoʊfɪzɪks/ is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis. The term geophysics sometimes refers only to the geological applications: Earth's shape; its gravitational and magnetic fields; its internal structure and composition; its dynamics and their surface expression in plate tectonics, the generation of magmas, volcanism and rock formation. However, modern geophysics organizations use a broader definition that includes the water cycle including snow and ice; fluid dynamics of the oceans and the atmosphere; electricity and magnetism in the ionosphere and magnetosphere and solar-terrestrial relations; and analogous problems associated with the Moon and other planets.Although geophysics was only recognized as a separate discipline in the 19th century, its origins go back to ancient times. The first magnetic compasses were made from lodestones, while more modern magnetic compasses played an important role in the history of navigation. The first seismic instrument was built in 132 BC. Isaac Newton applied his theory of mechanics to the tides and the precession of the equinox; and instruments were developed to measure the Earth's shape, density and gravity field, as well as the components of the water cycle. In the 20th century, geophysical methods were developed for remote exploration of the solid Earth and the ocean, and geophysics played an essential role in the development of the theory of plate tectonics.Geophysics is applied to societal needs, such as mineral resources, mitigation of natural hazards and environmental protection. Geophysical survey data are used to analyze potential petroleum reservoirs and mineral deposits, locate groundwater, find archaeological relics, determine the thickness of glaciers and soils, and assess sites for environmental remediation.
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