globalisation and convergence
... Moreover, let us try to be a little bit careful and sophisticated in how we define "convergence." When growth macroeconomists use the word "convergence," they tend to think of a reduction in the variance of the distribution of output per worker levels (or total factor productivity levels, or real wa ...
... Moreover, let us try to be a little bit careful and sophisticated in how we define "convergence." When growth macroeconomists use the word "convergence," they tend to think of a reduction in the variance of the distribution of output per worker levels (or total factor productivity levels, or real wa ...
MURAYA NORMAN NJUGUNA - University of Nairobi
... genesis in World Bank and other development partners linking persistent poverty and many development challenges to poor governance, weak institutions and rampant corruption. The term good governance has broad meaning, however key principles suffice among them participation of the citizenry in runnin ...
... genesis in World Bank and other development partners linking persistent poverty and many development challenges to poor governance, weak institutions and rampant corruption. The term good governance has broad meaning, however key principles suffice among them participation of the citizenry in runnin ...
Stabilization Theory and Policy: 50 Years after the Phillips
... can be expressed in discrete time, as employed by Samuelson and Hicks, or in continuous time, as for example illustrated by Allen (1956) and used by Phillips himself. Phillips took these simple aggregate models and showed how , if one introduces a government that instead of remaining passive follows ...
... can be expressed in discrete time, as employed by Samuelson and Hicks, or in continuous time, as for example illustrated by Allen (1956) and used by Phillips himself. Phillips took these simple aggregate models and showed how , if one introduces a government that instead of remaining passive follows ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research
... effect or interest rate effect. Private consumption is crowded out either because the consumers may feel poorer as a result of negative wealth effect or they may be induced to postpone consumption in response to deficitfinanced government spending. Bailey (1971) and Barro (1981) first suggest incorpora ...
... effect or interest rate effect. Private consumption is crowded out either because the consumers may feel poorer as a result of negative wealth effect or they may be induced to postpone consumption in response to deficitfinanced government spending. Bailey (1971) and Barro (1981) first suggest incorpora ...
EVALUATING ECONOMIC INTEGRATION IN ASEAN: PERSPECTIVES FROM A CLUSTER ANALYSIS
... Hussey, that the region has been substantially more successful in the political arena than in generating economic cooperation among members. The notion that ASEAN has achieved only limited success in its primary objective of developing economic cooperation and integration is shared by others (see al ...
... Hussey, that the region has been substantially more successful in the political arena than in generating economic cooperation among members. The notion that ASEAN has achieved only limited success in its primary objective of developing economic cooperation and integration is shared by others (see al ...
Adam Smith`s Legacy: His Place in the Development of Modern
... This book contains the proceedings of the conference held in the Usher Hall, Edinburgh, on 16–17 July 1990 to mark the bicentenary of the death of Adam Smith. It was not only for that reason a special occasion, but also because it brought together the largest number of Nobel laureates in Economic Sc ...
... This book contains the proceedings of the conference held in the Usher Hall, Edinburgh, on 16–17 July 1990 to mark the bicentenary of the death of Adam Smith. It was not only for that reason a special occasion, but also because it brought together the largest number of Nobel laureates in Economic Sc ...
Scale Economies, Country Size, and Tariff Wars
... In the absence of scale economies, size influences the welfare effects of a tariff only through the terms of trade. Kennan and Riezman (1988) use a pure exchange model to explore the effect of size on a country’s ability to win a tariff war. They find that when both countries are close in size, both ...
... In the absence of scale economies, size influences the welfare effects of a tariff only through the terms of trade. Kennan and Riezman (1988) use a pure exchange model to explore the effect of size on a country’s ability to win a tariff war. They find that when both countries are close in size, both ...
The Triumph of the New Conservatism, 1980
... Americans were also challenged to be a bit more critical of those who proclaimed a right to establish the nation’s morality. • The Reagan administration also had its share of political scandals which ranged from unethical behavior to serious violations of federal law. For President Reagan, the tain ...
... Americans were also challenged to be a bit more critical of those who proclaimed a right to establish the nation’s morality. • The Reagan administration also had its share of political scandals which ranged from unethical behavior to serious violations of federal law. For President Reagan, the tain ...
PDF
... or widen the range of goods and services provided, or is used in other ways to benefit that community. The key elements are community ownership and trading. The former may encompass communities of both place (for example, village residents) and interest (for example, hill farmers). In terms of tradi ...
... or widen the range of goods and services provided, or is used in other ways to benefit that community. The key elements are community ownership and trading. The former may encompass communities of both place (for example, village residents) and interest (for example, hill farmers). In terms of tradi ...
... ○ Ministry of Finance ○ Ministry of Agriculture ○ Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources ○ Ministry of Urban Development ○ Ministry of Nature Protection ○ Department of Justice ○ Directorate of General Civil Aviation ▪ National Strategy for the Development of Statistics in Armenia being designed ▪ ...
E S conomic Statistics in amoa
... ○ Responsibilities are clearly defined for agencies involved in the production of the Core Set ○ Plans are currently being implemented to improve coordination of production of economic statistics ...
... ○ Responsibilities are clearly defined for agencies involved in the production of the Core Set ○ Plans are currently being implemented to improve coordination of production of economic statistics ...
View/Open
... assumption of perfectly competitive markets in developing countries is not only misleading but far from realistic. The corollary also fails to deal with middle income economies, which have a mix of skilled and unskilled labour inputs. In such economies, the gains from trade could only be achieved ba ...
... assumption of perfectly competitive markets in developing countries is not only misleading but far from realistic. The corollary also fails to deal with middle income economies, which have a mix of skilled and unskilled labour inputs. In such economies, the gains from trade could only be achieved ba ...
State Capacity and Long-Run Economic Performance
... database is novel and spans 11 countries and 4 centuries from the Old Regime to World War I. We argue that national governments undertook two political transformations over this period: fiscal centralization and limited government. We find a significant direct relationship between fiscal centralizat ...
... database is novel and spans 11 countries and 4 centuries from the Old Regime to World War I. We argue that national governments undertook two political transformations over this period: fiscal centralization and limited government. We find a significant direct relationship between fiscal centralizat ...
IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF)
... Ports, Urban Enterprise Zones and others. Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a duty free area which is meant for the purposes of trade operations, duties and tariffs for investors. SEZs are specifically demarcated areas within the country where raw materials and capital goods can be imported duty free f ...
... Ports, Urban Enterprise Zones and others. Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a duty free area which is meant for the purposes of trade operations, duties and tariffs for investors. SEZs are specifically demarcated areas within the country where raw materials and capital goods can be imported duty free f ...
This PDF is a selec on from a published volume... Bureau of Economic Research
... It could be a great experiment in fiscal policy. Unfortunately, it was also accompanied by things like price controls, production controls, rationing, the draft, and patriotism: to disentangle the role of these factors on variables like labor supply, the real wage, private consumption, and private i ...
... It could be a great experiment in fiscal policy. Unfortunately, it was also accompanied by things like price controls, production controls, rationing, the draft, and patriotism: to disentangle the role of these factors on variables like labor supply, the real wage, private consumption, and private i ...
The Limits, Dilemmas, and Paradoxes of Turkish Foreign Policy: A Political Economy Perspective
... crisis in its immediate vicinity, has severely undermined its claims of having the capacity to play a more constructive role to provide security, order and stability in the Middle East. Following these developments, ‘truth conditions’ for Turkey’s international identity claims - of representing a ( ...
... crisis in its immediate vicinity, has severely undermined its claims of having the capacity to play a more constructive role to provide security, order and stability in the Middle East. Following these developments, ‘truth conditions’ for Turkey’s international identity claims - of representing a ( ...
What Have Two Decades of British Economic Reform
... economies eliminated restrictions on the flow of capital by the early 1980s. Most privatized state-run industries in the 1980s and 1990s. All lowered marginal-tax rates for high-income earners. Most also made labor contracts more flexible and moved from national wage setting to more localized collec ...
... economies eliminated restrictions on the flow of capital by the early 1980s. Most privatized state-run industries in the 1980s and 1990s. All lowered marginal-tax rates for high-income earners. Most also made labor contracts more flexible and moved from national wage setting to more localized collec ...
Regional Specialization and Geographic Concentration of
... they can be addressed as two perspectives which derive from a matrix with the columns referring to countries (or regions) and the rows to industries. The specialization perspective can be analysed when the columns are considered, while concentration can be interpreted by each row. Aiginger and Davie ...
... they can be addressed as two perspectives which derive from a matrix with the columns referring to countries (or regions) and the rows to industries. The specialization perspective can be analysed when the columns are considered, while concentration can be interpreted by each row. Aiginger and Davie ...
CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE AMONG COUNTRIES Nasfi
... terms of per capita income levels tend to tighten, this result was proven for a group of nations by Ben David and Rahman (1996). Similarly Serranito (2013) concluded that since 2000 some developing countries converged toward the European per-capita income level. In this regard, convergence can be de ...
... terms of per capita income levels tend to tighten, this result was proven for a group of nations by Ben David and Rahman (1996). Similarly Serranito (2013) concluded that since 2000 some developing countries converged toward the European per-capita income level. In this regard, convergence can be de ...
policy and the
... • This policy has been formulated to ensure that the capability of the agricultural sector to play its strategic role in national development is sustained and enhanced in light of new and emerging challenges facing agricultural development. • Towards this end, NAP3 focuses on new approaches to incre ...
... • This policy has been formulated to ensure that the capability of the agricultural sector to play its strategic role in national development is sustained and enhanced in light of new and emerging challenges facing agricultural development. • Towards this end, NAP3 focuses on new approaches to incre ...
POPULATION AGING, MARGINAL PROPENSITY TO CONSUME
... rate, thereby affecting the accumulation of capital and slowing economic growth. Besides, the increasing number of old people will increase the burden of government, not only through expenses on social security and welfare, but also increased transfer payments, which misappropriates public expenditu ...
... rate, thereby affecting the accumulation of capital and slowing economic growth. Besides, the increasing number of old people will increase the burden of government, not only through expenses on social security and welfare, but also increased transfer payments, which misappropriates public expenditu ...
I Changes in Business Cycles: Evidence and Explanations Christina D. Romer
... derived using regression procedures, there exist numerous individual production series that have been collected in much the same way since the late 1800s. In a previous paper (Romer, 1991), I found that the production of particular commodities such as wheat, corn, coal, pig iron, refined sugar, and ...
... derived using regression procedures, there exist numerous individual production series that have been collected in much the same way since the late 1800s. In a previous paper (Romer, 1991), I found that the production of particular commodities such as wheat, corn, coal, pig iron, refined sugar, and ...
document
... Newly empowered neo-liberal and neoconservative regimes in the advanced capitalist world championed a new discourse of free trade, deregulation, marketization, and privatization. These governments pushed to (re)negotiate regional and global trade agreements (NAFTA, GATT, EEC) and gave new life and p ...
... Newly empowered neo-liberal and neoconservative regimes in the advanced capitalist world championed a new discourse of free trade, deregulation, marketization, and privatization. These governments pushed to (re)negotiate regional and global trade agreements (NAFTA, GATT, EEC) and gave new life and p ...
E N conomic Statistics in auru
... ▪ Contact points publicized for each statistical subject area ▪Publication policies are not in place ▪ User consultations are organized by producers of economic statistics ▪ Awareness of relevance, among users, of official statistics to economic policy making is not considered sufficient but there a ...
... ▪ Contact points publicized for each statistical subject area ▪Publication policies are not in place ▪ User consultations are organized by producers of economic statistics ▪ Awareness of relevance, among users, of official statistics to economic policy making is not considered sufficient but there a ...
T C A B
... expansions of the past 40 years died in bed of old age; every one was murdered by the Federal Reserve” (Dornbusch 1997). This stark view can be contrasted with its opposite in the recent literature: “[N]one of the popular candidates for observable shocks robustly accounts for the bulk of business-cy ...
... expansions of the past 40 years died in bed of old age; every one was murdered by the Federal Reserve” (Dornbusch 1997). This stark view can be contrasted with its opposite in the recent literature: “[N]one of the popular candidates for observable shocks robustly accounts for the bulk of business-cy ...