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Institute of Cardio-Vascular Diseases
Institute of Cardio-Vascular Diseases

... abdominal distension and on clinical examination patient had bilateral pedal oedema and ascites. Jugular venous pressure was elevated with prominent V wave, X and Y descents and Kussmaul sign was present. Pericardial knock was heard on cardiac auscultation. She had been suffering from rheumatoid art ...
Rheumatic Fever
Rheumatic Fever

... ● excessive afterload  no structural anomalies ● cardiomyopathy ● myocarditis ● myocardial infarction ● acquired valve disorders ● hypertension ● kawasaki syndrome ● arrhythmia (bradycardia or tachycardia)  NONCARDIAC  ● Anemia  ● Sepsis  ● Hypoglycemia  ● Diabetic ketoacidosis  ● Hypothyroid ...
Cardiac & Respiratory Dynamics - CHOW
Cardiac & Respiratory Dynamics - CHOW

... Diastolic blood pressure – measure in arteries during ...
Copyright Information of the Article Published Online TITLE 12
Copyright Information of the Article Published Online TITLE 12

... An ER pattern with the characteristics of the J-point elevation of at least 2 mm and a horizontal or descending pattern of the ST segment appears to increase the risk of developing ventricular arrhythmias, especially in structurally abnormal hearts. In fact, ER creates a kind of gradient of repolari ...
Principle of Treatment
Principle of Treatment

... 1. Refers to the subjective feeling of an uncertain heartbeat and nervousness that is even uncontrollable. 2. May be seen in many diseases and often accompanied by insomnia, amnesia, vertigo and tinnitus. 3. In western medicine may be presented in functional diseases like CAD, RHD, Hypertensive hear ...
Lecture Notes - Fullfrontalanatomy.com
Lecture Notes - Fullfrontalanatomy.com

... A. The heart is a double pump; the right side pumps blood to the lungs for oxygenation, i.e., the pulmonary circuit; the left side pumps blood throughout the body to nourish tissues, i.e., the systemic circuit (p. 500, Fig. 18.1). B. The four chambers are the right and left atria (receiving chambers ...
- Donald Hudson Home
- Donald Hudson Home

Interpretarea semnalului EGK cu ajutorul unei reţele neuronale
Interpretarea semnalului EGK cu ajutorul unei reţele neuronale

... Fig.1Electrocardiogram In an electrocardiogram there can be noticed several characteristic sectors [1], the P wave, the QRS complex and the T wave. Also, it is noticed that the R peak is always the point, in which the ...
Cardiac Cycle
Cardiac Cycle

Heart Physiology File
Heart Physiology File

... channels in the SR, which liberates bursts of Ca2+ • E-C coupling occurs as Ca2+ binds to troponin and sliding of the filaments begins • Duration of the AP and the contractile phase is much greater in cardiac muscle than in skeletal muscle • Repolarization results from inactivation of Ca2+ channels ...
The importance of a metabolic approach to anti
The importance of a metabolic approach to anti

... The traditional hemodynamic approach to reducing oxygen demand by the use of b-blockers, calcium antagonists, and nitrates is a well established antiischemic strategy [3]. The principal mechanism of achieving a reduction in oxygen demand is by decreasing blood pressure, contractility, and heart rate ...
chapter # 22 > human anatomy - the heart
chapter # 22 > human anatomy - the heart

... SOUTHWESTERN CHRISTIAN SCHOOL LIFE SCIENCE STUDY GUIDE # 22 - HUMAN ANATOMY INTERNAL BALANCE THE HEART AND BLOOD VESSELS ...
Degenerative Valve Disease Explained - New
Degenerative Valve Disease Explained - New

... fluid in an effort to increase blood volume and the output of oxygenated blood by the heart. For a variable period, these compensatory responses help the situation. However, increased fluid retention eventually becomes harmful. More and more fluid leaks out of the capillaries, causing difficulty bre ...
Heart Failure - PHARMACEUTICAL REVIEW
Heart Failure - PHARMACEUTICAL REVIEW

luka bakar,listrik dan petir
luka bakar,listrik dan petir

... – Vertical pathway parallel to the axis of the body is the most dangerous. It involves all the vital organs; central nervous system, heart, respiratory muscles, in pregnant women the uterus and fetus – Horizontal pathway from hand to hand: the heart, respiratory muscles and spinal cord – Pathway thr ...
LVAD FactSheet020711final_THOR
LVAD FactSheet020711final_THOR

... shown that advanced heart failure patients treated with an LVAD can live longer and enjoy a muchimproved quality of life compared with those being treated with drug therapy alone.1 There are approximately 50,000 – 100,000 advanced heart failure patients who could benefit from an LVAD in the U.S.2 Ho ...
the Cardiovascular System
the Cardiovascular System

...  Contractions occur in a regular and continuous way  Two systems to regulate heart activity: ...
The Circulatory System
The Circulatory System

... Control of the Heartbeat • The heart consists of muscle cells that contract in waves. When the first group of muscle cells is stimulated it sets off a chain reaction that travels across the heart. • The sinoatrial (SA) node is a group of specialized heartmuscle cells located in the right atrium tha ...
Med surg Heart Disease , CAD, ACD/ MI Atherosclerosis
Med surg Heart Disease , CAD, ACD/ MI Atherosclerosis

... -reduces the occurrence of MI.- If the patient’s signs and symptoms indicate a significant risk for a cardiac event, the patient is hospitalized and may be given an IV bolus of heparin and started on a continuous infusion. - The amount of heparin administered is based on the results of the activated ...
Capital Health Policy Template
Capital Health Policy Template

... Technical difficulties monitoring the ECG or systolic BP ...
8867.Emergency Anaesthetic Protocol
8867.Emergency Anaesthetic Protocol

... Blood flow during external cardiac compression is achieved by one of two mechanisms: the ‘cardiac pump’ and ‘thoracic pump’. Cardiac Pump: This is used in animals weighing less than 20kg, or very narrowchested dogs, e.g Greyhound. The aim is to squueze the ventricles by compression of the ribcage ov ...
PHONOCARDIOGRAPHY (PCG)
PHONOCARDIOGRAPHY (PCG)

... the heart by the sudden closure of valves, movement of heart wall, closure of walls and turbulence and leakage of blood flow. Heart sounds: First heart sound (Lub): It is due to closure of mitral and tricuspid valves which permit the flow of blood from atria into the ventricles i.e. it occur at the ...
PBS Lesson 4.1 Review
PBS Lesson 4.1 Review

... rich blood to the whole body. • The body tissues uses the Oxygen and dumps Carbon Dioxide back into the blood. • This Oxygen Poor blood now flows back to the other side of the heart. • The heart pumps this Oxygen poor blood to the lungs, which infuse it with Oxygen again. • The cycle begins again. ...
File the circulatory system
File the circulatory system

...  Cor pulmonale (right-sided heart failure)  Congestive heart failure (left-sided heart failure) – Treated with medication; fluid intake may be restricted Conduction disorders – Electrical impulses that cause the heart to contract cannot get through ...
Heart disease and heart murmurs in cats
Heart disease and heart murmurs in cats

... A diagnosis of heart disease is usually made with ultrasound. Ultrasound allows us to measure the chambers of the heart and assess how well the heart is contracting. Enlargement of the heart is usually only a couple of millimetres compared to normal and is much more easily appreciated on ultrasound ...
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Electrocardiography



Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.
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