The Endocrine System Dr. Ali Ebneshahidi © 2016 Ebneshahidi
... Made of modified nerve tissue that is under direct regulation of sympathetic nerves of the autonomic nervous system. ...
... Made of modified nerve tissue that is under direct regulation of sympathetic nerves of the autonomic nervous system. ...
Function Nervous System Endocrine System
... – increases cell growth & cell division by increasing their uptake of amino acids & synthesis of proteins – stimulate lipolysis in adipose so fatty acids used for ATP – retard use of glucose for ATP production so blood glucose levels remain high enough to supply brain ...
... – increases cell growth & cell division by increasing their uptake of amino acids & synthesis of proteins – stimulate lipolysis in adipose so fatty acids used for ATP – retard use of glucose for ATP production so blood glucose levels remain high enough to supply brain ...
Document
... When adrenal estrogen approaches normal, so will IgA. Oral steroid is indicated now. In a dog & cat, normal range for IgA = 70 – 170mg/dL. Again remember in an animal, too little or too much steroid or thyroid will lead to an EI imbalance. These animal models are easier to work with because most fem ...
... When adrenal estrogen approaches normal, so will IgA. Oral steroid is indicated now. In a dog & cat, normal range for IgA = 70 – 170mg/dL. Again remember in an animal, too little or too much steroid or thyroid will lead to an EI imbalance. These animal models are easier to work with because most fem ...
Biol 155 Human Physiology
... The half-life is the time required for the hormone to loose half of its original effectiveness (or drop to half of its original concentration. ...
... The half-life is the time required for the hormone to loose half of its original effectiveness (or drop to half of its original concentration. ...
Subclinical Hypothyroidism: When to Treat, When to
... for TSH lower than 20 mIU/L. 27 A study of patients aged 85 to 89 years showed lower cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio, 0.77) in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism than in those who were euthyroid.28 Neuropsychiatric disease. Studies of neuropsychiatric disease and subclinical hypothyroid ...
... for TSH lower than 20 mIU/L. 27 A study of patients aged 85 to 89 years showed lower cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio, 0.77) in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism than in those who were euthyroid.28 Neuropsychiatric disease. Studies of neuropsychiatric disease and subclinical hypothyroid ...
Pituitary and Hypothalamus Disorders MBBS III Seminar
... • Anterior lobe: glandular tissue, accounts for 75% of total weight. Hormones in this lobe are ...
... • Anterior lobe: glandular tissue, accounts for 75% of total weight. Hormones in this lobe are ...
Nervous system
... Parathyroid glands Embedded in the posterior surface of thyroid glands. Produce parathormone which maintains the level of Calcium. Parathormone increases the absorption of calcium from the gut. ...
... Parathyroid glands Embedded in the posterior surface of thyroid glands. Produce parathormone which maintains the level of Calcium. Parathormone increases the absorption of calcium from the gut. ...
Pituitary Gland Disorders
... Anterior lobe: glandular tissue, accounts for 75% of total weight. Hormones in this lobe are ...
... Anterior lobe: glandular tissue, accounts for 75% of total weight. Hormones in this lobe are ...
hormones
... • Lipid-soluble hormones are usually bound to protein carriers. • The rate at which these hormones are broken down is greatly reduced. • Therefore, these hormones have longer half-lives. ...
... • Lipid-soluble hormones are usually bound to protein carriers. • The rate at which these hormones are broken down is greatly reduced. • Therefore, these hormones have longer half-lives. ...
Hypopituitarism
... Cortisol keeps the body’s blood sugar at a normal level. It also helps the body deal with physical stress, such as fever or injury. Some of the ways your doctor figures out if you are not able to make proper amounts of cortisol are: ...
... Cortisol keeps the body’s blood sugar at a normal level. It also helps the body deal with physical stress, such as fever or injury. Some of the ways your doctor figures out if you are not able to make proper amounts of cortisol are: ...
30 Overview of Endocrine System, Pituitary gland
... anterior pituitary, causing the thyroid gland to fill with nonfunctional secretions. The incidence of this condition is most common in individuals of thirdworld countries. ...
... anterior pituitary, causing the thyroid gland to fill with nonfunctional secretions. The incidence of this condition is most common in individuals of thirdworld countries. ...
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
... secretion of the gonadotropins folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) • A decrease in the secretion of the hormone estrogen by the ovaries occurs • Hot flashes, periods of feeling extreme heat, are the only universal symptom of ...
... secretion of the gonadotropins folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) • A decrease in the secretion of the hormone estrogen by the ovaries occurs • Hot flashes, periods of feeling extreme heat, are the only universal symptom of ...
Chapter 14
... cells that secrete erythropoietin, a hormone essential for production of red blood cells. Even the heart contains cells that produce atrial naturetic hormone, which is important in sodium and water balance. ...
... cells that secrete erythropoietin, a hormone essential for production of red blood cells. Even the heart contains cells that produce atrial naturetic hormone, which is important in sodium and water balance. ...
Hormones and the Endocrine System
... and the branching of nerve cells during embryonic development of the brain. ...
... and the branching of nerve cells during embryonic development of the brain. ...
Endocrine 112KB 06.09.2016
... organs that orchestrates a state of metabolic equilibrium, or homeostasis, between the various tissues of the body. Signaling by extracellular secreted molecules can be classified into three types: autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine, based on the distance over which the signal acts. In endocrine sig ...
... organs that orchestrates a state of metabolic equilibrium, or homeostasis, between the various tissues of the body. Signaling by extracellular secreted molecules can be classified into three types: autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine, based on the distance over which the signal acts. In endocrine sig ...
Endocrine System
... the pancreas does not produce enough of the hormone insulin or the body does not effectively use the insulin it does produce. Because insulin is instrumental in helping the body convert sugars and starches into necessary energy, there can be serious consequences if diabetes is left undiagnosed and/o ...
... the pancreas does not produce enough of the hormone insulin or the body does not effectively use the insulin it does produce. Because insulin is instrumental in helping the body convert sugars and starches into necessary energy, there can be serious consequences if diabetes is left undiagnosed and/o ...
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM STUDY GUIDE
... 1. What gland is found on the posterior side of the thyroid gland? What hormone does this gland secrete? 2. What does PTH regulate? What does PTH in the blood cause to happen? 3. What does hypercalcemic mean? What does hypocalcemic mean? 4. How do PTH and calcitonin work together to control blood ca ...
... 1. What gland is found on the posterior side of the thyroid gland? What hormone does this gland secrete? 2. What does PTH regulate? What does PTH in the blood cause to happen? 3. What does hypercalcemic mean? What does hypocalcemic mean? 4. How do PTH and calcitonin work together to control blood ca ...
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
... Consistent with the preoperative thiocyanate discharge test indicative of an iodide organification defect, TPO activity in the resected goiter tissue was very low as measured by the tyrosine iodinase assay (19 U, with 323 U in a control from a patient with multinodular goiter ( 17), and the sephadex ...
... Consistent with the preoperative thiocyanate discharge test indicative of an iodide organification defect, TPO activity in the resected goiter tissue was very low as measured by the tyrosine iodinase assay (19 U, with 323 U in a control from a patient with multinodular goiter ( 17), and the sephadex ...
Pancreas and blood glucose regulation
... Name the Gland and the structure indicated by the arrow. What does this structure at the arrow produce? ...
... Name the Gland and the structure indicated by the arrow. What does this structure at the arrow produce? ...
Pathophysiology of thyroid gland
... doses of iodine are supposed to be large (more than 10 mg daily). Large iodine intake inhibits synthesis of thyroid hormones. Chronic administration of large doses of iodine is seen most commonly in patients with chronic respiratory diseases, who are often given potassium iodide as an expectorant. H ...
... doses of iodine are supposed to be large (more than 10 mg daily). Large iodine intake inhibits synthesis of thyroid hormones. Chronic administration of large doses of iodine is seen most commonly in patients with chronic respiratory diseases, who are often given potassium iodide as an expectorant. H ...
Endocrine System
... β-endorphin: also secreted from brain. It has morphine like action (pain killer) It is inactivated in rest condition, and it only becomes activated in stress conditions. ...
... β-endorphin: also secreted from brain. It has morphine like action (pain killer) It is inactivated in rest condition, and it only becomes activated in stress conditions. ...
Hyperthyroidism and cation pumps in human skeletal muscle
... Data are presented as means ⫾ SD, except for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values, which are presented as medians and range. Normal ranges for thyroid hormones in our laboratory are stated in parentheses. Ht., hyperthyroid patients before treatment; Eut., hyperthyroid patients after treatment; C ...
... Data are presented as means ⫾ SD, except for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values, which are presented as medians and range. Normal ranges for thyroid hormones in our laboratory are stated in parentheses. Ht., hyperthyroid patients before treatment; Eut., hyperthyroid patients after treatment; C ...
Endocrine System
... • Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) Tropic • Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Tropic ...
... • Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) Tropic • Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Tropic ...
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism, also known as over active thyroid and hyperthyreosis, is the condition that occurs due to excessive production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland. Thyrotoxicosis is the condition that occurs due to excessive thyroid hormone of any cause and therefore includes hyperthyroidism. Some, however, use the terms interchangeably. Signs and symptoms vary between people and may include irritability, muscle weakness, sleeping problems, a fast heartbeat, poor tolerance of heat, diarrhea, enlargement of the thyroid, and weight loss. Symptoms are typically less in the old and during pregnancy. An uncommon complication is thyroid storm in which an event such as an infection results in worsening symptoms such as confusion and a high temperature and often results in death. The opposite is hypothyroidism, when the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone.Graves' disease is the cause of about 50% to 80% of case of hyperthyroidism in the United States. Other causes include multinodular goiter, toxic adenoma, inflammation of the thyroid, eating too much iodine, and too much synthetic thyroid hormone. A less common cause is a pituitary adenoma. The diagnosis may be suspected based on signs and symptoms and then confirmed with blood tests. Typically blood tests show a low thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and raised T3 or T4. Radioiodine uptake by the thyroid, thyroid scan, and TSI antibodies may help determine the cause.Treatment depends partly on the cause and severity of disease. There are three main treatment options: radioiodine therapy, medications, and thyroid surgery. Radioiodine therapy involves taking iodine-131 by mouth which is then concentrated in and destroys the thyroid over weeks to months. The resulting hypothyroidism is treated with synthetic thyroid hormone. Medications such as beta blockers may control the symptoms and anti-thyroid medications such as methimazole may temporarily help people while other treatments are having effect. Surgery to remove the thyroid is another option. This may be used in those with very large thyroids or when cancer is a concern. In the United States hyperthyroidism affects about 1.2% of the population. It occurs between two and ten times more often in women. Onset is commonly between 20 and 50 years of age. Overall the disease is more common in those over the age of 60 years.