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The Endocrine System 1 Prof. Dr. Sa`ad Merza Alaraji
The Endocrine System 1 Prof. Dr. Sa`ad Merza Alaraji

... Responses of the endocrine system often are slower than responses of the nervous system; although some hormones act within seconds, most take several minutes or more to cause a response. The effects of nervous system activation are generally briefer than those of the endocrine system. The nervous sy ...
Endocrine Lecture
Endocrine Lecture

... Copyright © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Instructor's Resource CD-ROM to Accompany Critical Care Nursing: A Holistic Approach, eighth edition. ...
Chapter 17 - Dr. Wilson`s Site
Chapter 17 - Dr. Wilson`s Site

... • glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis boost glucose levels • glucose-sparing effect because inhibits insulin secretion – muscles use fatty acids saving glucose for brain ...
Chapter 45
Chapter 45

... • Increased blood pressure • Increased breathing rate • Increased metabolic rate • Change in blood flow patterns, leading to increased alertness and decreased digestive, excretory, and reproductive system activity © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
45 BIOLOGY 1. Overview of Endrocrine Hormone Signaling
45 BIOLOGY 1. Overview of Endrocrine Hormone Signaling

... • Increased blood pressure • Increased breathing rate • Increased metabolic rate • Change in blood flow patterns, leading to increased alertness and decreased digestive, excretory, and reproductive system activity © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
The Endocrine System and Hormones Veterinary Presentation
The Endocrine System and Hormones Veterinary Presentation

... There are 10 Bingo cards. Print the cards and hand them out to students. Students can play individually, or be put into partners for this game. As an alternate, a blank Bingo grid could be given to students along with the word bank. Students could fill in their own card, using each word only once. T ...
Endocrine System - Bellefonte Area School District
Endocrine System - Bellefonte Area School District

... the target tissues. The liver and kidneys are primarily responsible for clearing hormones. Several clearance processes become altered or slowed in individuals who have chronic heart, liver, or kidney disorders. • Acute physical or mental stressors can trigger a preprogrammed stress response. The str ...
The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System

... Derived from the somatotroph cells ...
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How stress influences the immune response - Direct-MS

... In addition to regulation of immune function by glucocorticoid hormones associated with distress, it is known that catecholamines also modulate a range of immune functions, including cell proliferation, cytokine and antibody production, cytolytic activity and cell trafficking (reviewed in Refs [1,45 ...
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Endocrine System

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Physiology_12_Endocrine

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Posterior pituitary gland

... • Interaction between magnicellular neurons and higher brain – Generation of action potential • Travels through axons to the posterior pituitary ...
Hole`s Human Anatomy and Physiology
Hole`s Human Anatomy and Physiology

... • Contracts muscles in uterine wall and those associated with milk-secreting glands • Produced by the hypothalamus and secreted by neurosecretory cells in the posterior pituitary in response to uterine and vaginal wall stretching and stimulation of breasts ...
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Anat3_09_Endocrine_System

... wound healing).  Depression of immune responses (utilized with organ transplant recipients). ...
Hormone - WordPress.com
Hormone - WordPress.com

... Low plasma concentration (nmol – pmol/L) Great regulatory function Stronger biological amplification of hormones in hypothalamus pituitary target glands axis regulation system 0.1 μg CRH→ 1.0μg ACTH release → 40μg Cortisol →6000μg glycogen ...
The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System

... • Most gonadocorticoids secreted are androgens (male sex hormones), and the most important one is testosterone ...
AnS SI 214 Practice Exam 3 Female Reproduction, Male
AnS SI 214 Practice Exam 3 Female Reproduction, Male

... the exam. These questions were written to call your attention to other important concepts that are slightly less likely to make it into your exam essay pool, but will be beneficial for multiple choice study. 1) List 5 of the 8 functions of the female reproductive system. Be sure to include a brief d ...
Understanding Our Environment - McGraw Hill Higher Education
Understanding Our Environment - McGraw Hill Higher Education

... Major Glands of Endocrine System ...
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Chapter 13 Study Questions Key

... hippocampus, and the adrenal gland? It suggests that a behavioral experience can have two independent effects. 1) It can activate specific sets of neurons that represent and store the content of the experience; 2) it can activate hormonal and neural systems that can influence the mechanisms that sto ...
- ISpatula
- ISpatula

... A)It is produced by the posterior pituitary in all vertebrates. B)It regulates the balance between salt and water in saltwater fish such as the barracuda. C)It regulates larval development in beetles and grasshoppers. D)It controls fat metabolism and reproduction in birds. E)It stimulates the mammar ...
6. Hormonal Regulation of Exercise.
6. Hormonal Regulation of Exercise.

... When CHO reserves are low, the body turns more to fat oxidation for energy, and this process is facilitated by cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and growth ...
Endocrine Virtual Lab! AP Biology
Endocrine Virtual Lab! AP Biology

... greater area) and affects more than one person or organ. Although the hormone travels through the body via the blood, it can only affect those cells with receptors for that specific hormone. Hormones are a slower method of communication, but their effects last longer. The command center for the endo ...
Presentation - Online Veterinary Anatomy Museum
Presentation - Online Veterinary Anatomy Museum

... Where are ‘C’ cells located? C cells also called parafollicular cells are derived from the neural crest; they occur singly amongst the follicle cells or more usually are found in small groups between the follicles. ...
Document
Document

... Hormones are transported down the axon and stored in the nerve endings Delivered to the anterior pituitary via the ...
Anterior Pituitary
Anterior Pituitary

... Hormones are transported down the axon and stored in the nerve endings Delivered to the anterior pituitary via the ...
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Adrenal gland



The adrenal glands (also known as suprarenal glands) are endocrine glands that produce a variety of hormones including adrenaline and the steroids aldosterone and cortisol. They are found above the kidneys and consist of a series of layers with different structure and functions. Each gland has an outer cortex which produces steroid hormones and an inner medulla. The adrenal cortex itself is divided into three zones: zona glomerulosa, the zona fasciculata and the zona reticularis.The adrenal cortex produces a class of steroid hormones called corticosteroids, named according to their effects. Mineralocorticoids, produced in the zona glomerulosa, help in the regulation of blood pressure and electrolyte balance. Glucocorticoids such as cortisol are synthesized in the zona fasciculata; their functions include the regulation of metabolism and immune system suppression. The innermost layer of the cortex, the zona reticularis, produces androgens that are converted to fully functional sex hormones in the gonads and other target organs. The production of steroid hormones is called steroidogenesis, and involves a number of reactions and processes that take place in cortical cells. The medulla produces the catecholamines adrenaline and noradrenaline, which function to produce a rapid response throughout the body in stress situations.A number of endocrine diseases involve dysfunctions of the adrenal gland. Overproduction of corticosteroid hormones leads to Cushing's syndrome, whereas insufficient production is associated with Addison's disease. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a genetic disease produced by dysregulation of endocrine control mechanisms. A variety of tumors can arise from adrenal tissue and are commonly found in medical imaging when searching for other diseases.
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