Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (OTDR)
... The complete setup for measuring the optical time domain reflectometry is illustrated in Fig. 4. The setup is mounted on two optical rails (1) with scales for positioning of the components. (2) is the laser diode with the corresponding power supply (3). The laser beam is collimated by microscope obj ...
... The complete setup for measuring the optical time domain reflectometry is illustrated in Fig. 4. The setup is mounted on two optical rails (1) with scales for positioning of the components. (2) is the laser diode with the corresponding power supply (3). The laser beam is collimated by microscope obj ...
Experimental study of scattering from characterized random surfaces
... This method has its own limitations and is known to fail for deterministic surfaces with large slopes.8 Its applicability to random surfaces should similarly be limited by the stochastic slopes, though it has never been made clear when results obtained with this technique are, in principle, valid. M ...
... This method has its own limitations and is known to fail for deterministic surfaces with large slopes.8 Its applicability to random surfaces should similarly be limited by the stochastic slopes, though it has never been made clear when results obtained with this technique are, in principle, valid. M ...
Experimental and Theoretical Studies in Optical Coherence Theory
... Apart from mirrors, the use of lenses was also widespread in antiquity. Romans knew about the concept of magnification; for example Seneca mentions the use of a glass sphere filled with water to aid in reading fine writing [Sines and Sakellarakis, 1987]. Lenses made out of quartz and glass, dating a ...
... Apart from mirrors, the use of lenses was also widespread in antiquity. Romans knew about the concept of magnification; for example Seneca mentions the use of a glass sphere filled with water to aid in reading fine writing [Sines and Sakellarakis, 1987]. Lenses made out of quartz and glass, dating a ...
Aalborg Universitet theoretical analysis of finite-height semiconductor-on-insulator based planar photonic
... and they are analogous to the electronic bandgaps in semiconductor materials that can be related to the periodic arrangement of atoms on a crystal lattice. The new dielectric materials are often referred to as photonic crystals. Since then, a new field of research has started that seeks to understan ...
... and they are analogous to the electronic bandgaps in semiconductor materials that can be related to the periodic arrangement of atoms on a crystal lattice. The new dielectric materials are often referred to as photonic crystals. Since then, a new field of research has started that seeks to understan ...
Introduction - Strathprints
... 110 direction in order to improve the lattice match between the II-VI epilayer and the III-V substrate. The MCT layers were of the order of 15 m thick and were capped by a ca. 2000 Å layer of CdTe in order to prevent the out-diffusion of Hg during the final anneal stages of the IMP-MOVPE process. ...
... 110 direction in order to improve the lattice match between the II-VI epilayer and the III-V substrate. The MCT layers were of the order of 15 m thick and were capped by a ca. 2000 Å layer of CdTe in order to prevent the out-diffusion of Hg during the final anneal stages of the IMP-MOVPE process. ...
Nonlinear Optical Phenomena and Materials
... Simultaneously with the activity in nonlinear devices, the theory of nonlinear interactions received increased attention. It was recognized quite early that progress in the field depended critically upon the availability of quality nonlinear materials. Initially, the number of phasematchable nonline ...
... Simultaneously with the activity in nonlinear devices, the theory of nonlinear interactions received increased attention. It was recognized quite early that progress in the field depended critically upon the availability of quality nonlinear materials. Initially, the number of phasematchable nonline ...
Ans: Optical Fiber Communication System
... A fiber consists of a single solid dielectric cylinder of radius V and refractive index n{ called as core of the fiber. The core is surrounded by a solid dielectric cladding with refractive index n2 that is less than n1 The variation of material composition of core give rise to the two commonly used ...
... A fiber consists of a single solid dielectric cylinder of radius V and refractive index n{ called as core of the fiber. The core is surrounded by a solid dielectric cladding with refractive index n2 that is less than n1 The variation of material composition of core give rise to the two commonly used ...
... The dynamic and deterministic control of light over space and time on the subwavelength scale is a key requirement in order to extend concepts and functionalities of macro-optics down to the nanometer scale. An increased level of control will also have fundamental implications in our understanding ...
Waves and Radiation
... use the above relationships in different contexts including sound waves and electromagnetic waves Light and sound ...
... use the above relationships in different contexts including sound waves and electromagnetic waves Light and sound ...
Diffraction Gratings
... Note: The “evanescent” fields in material 2 are not completely evanescent. They have a purely real kx so they do flow energy in the transverse direction. Lecture 9 ...
... Note: The “evanescent” fields in material 2 are not completely evanescent. They have a purely real kx so they do flow energy in the transverse direction. Lecture 9 ...
Lights, action: optical tweezers
... camera or illuminatio n sources can be problematic . It is now common to design objective lenses that produce an image at in®nity. Although requiring an additiona l `tube lens’ to produce an image such `in®nity corrected’ objectives place no restriction on the physical size on the optical system. Fo ...
... camera or illuminatio n sources can be problematic . It is now common to design objective lenses that produce an image at in®nity. Although requiring an additiona l `tube lens’ to produce an image such `in®nity corrected’ objectives place no restriction on the physical size on the optical system. Fo ...
Second Harmonic Generation in Photonic Crystals UNIVERSITAT POLITÈCNICA DE CATALUNYA TESIS DOCTORAL
... them, there has been an increasing interest in this field [Bow93][Kur94][Joann]. The possibility of molding the flow of light through these structures justifies its potential interest in many fields of physics as quantum electrodynamics [Kwe95] or nonlinear optics. The first structures acting as pho ...
... them, there has been an increasing interest in this field [Bow93][Kur94][Joann]. The possibility of molding the flow of light through these structures justifies its potential interest in many fields of physics as quantum electrodynamics [Kwe95] or nonlinear optics. The first structures acting as pho ...
Identification and Determination of Crystal Structures and
... (c) are given in (b) and (d) in Fig. 2.1. The size of centred unit cell is twice that of the primitive cell. Consequently, the reciprocal lattice generated by the centred cell is twice denser than that obtained from the primitive cell. Note that the unit vectors of the centred cell are mutually perp ...
... (c) are given in (b) and (d) in Fig. 2.1. The size of centred unit cell is twice that of the primitive cell. Consequently, the reciprocal lattice generated by the centred cell is twice denser than that obtained from the primitive cell. Note that the unit vectors of the centred cell are mutually perp ...
Theory of optical pulse propagation, dispersive and nonlinear effects
... where we have utilized that the FWHM pulse duration is connected to τ0 as τp = 1.763τ0. The pulse described by (IV-163) and (IV-164) propagates undistorted in the presence of dispersion and nonlinearity of opposite sign in optical fibers and are called an optical soliton. The word soliton refers to ...
... where we have utilized that the FWHM pulse duration is connected to τ0 as τp = 1.763τ0. The pulse described by (IV-163) and (IV-164) propagates undistorted in the presence of dispersion and nonlinearity of opposite sign in optical fibers and are called an optical soliton. The word soliton refers to ...
Dispersion Compensation Using Tunable Chirped Apodized Far Off Resonance Fiber
... spacing between the grating planes, are affected by changes in strain and temperature. These changes cause a shift in the Bragg grating center wavelength given by [7 ] ...
... spacing between the grating planes, are affected by changes in strain and temperature. These changes cause a shift in the Bragg grating center wavelength given by [7 ] ...
Optical device having equal length waveguide paths
... Width changes the effective indeX of the Waveguide, chang ing its effective path length; and this effect is different for straight sections and curved sections. HoWever, since the total straight length and total curved length are indepen dently the same for each Waveguide path in the array, the tota ...
... Width changes the effective indeX of the Waveguide, chang ing its effective path length; and this effect is different for straight sections and curved sections. HoWever, since the total straight length and total curved length are indepen dently the same for each Waveguide path in the array, the tota ...
The Fresnel Coefficients - The Society of Vacuum Coaters
... In his paper, Fresnel goes on to derive the Brewster angle from these expressions and that the reflected ray is perpendicular to the refracted ray at the Brewster angle. He also treats the case of internal as distinct from external reflection. And then another stroke of genius where he recognizes th ...
... In his paper, Fresnel goes on to derive the Brewster angle from these expressions and that the reflected ray is perpendicular to the refracted ray at the Brewster angle. He also treats the case of internal as distinct from external reflection. And then another stroke of genius where he recognizes th ...
Multichip module with planar-integrated free-space
... attractive because they have low latency, are strictly nonblocking, and do not require sophisticated control and configuration algorithms. Their relevance for digital computing lies in the fact that any digital algorithm may be executed in parallel by use of appropriate sets of Boolean sum-of-produc ...
... attractive because they have low latency, are strictly nonblocking, and do not require sophisticated control and configuration algorithms. Their relevance for digital computing lies in the fact that any digital algorithm may be executed in parallel by use of appropriate sets of Boolean sum-of-produc ...
Modeling Light Scattering in Tissue as Continuous Random Media
... medium made up of many such spheres (i.e., a cloud of raindrops) is calculated by then incoherently summing the scattering from many spheres according to the number density. However, in many cases, it is hard to argue that the shape is spherical so Mie theory is inherently limited. Another ubiquitou ...
... medium made up of many such spheres (i.e., a cloud of raindrops) is calculated by then incoherently summing the scattering from many spheres according to the number density. However, in many cases, it is hard to argue that the shape is spherical so Mie theory is inherently limited. Another ubiquitou ...
SPECTRAL STATE DEPENDENCE OF THE 0.4–2 MEV
... ScWs without simultaneous ASM measurements, we therefore used the closest ASM measurement within 6 hr before or after a given ScW. For the remaining pointings where no such ASM measurements exist, we used the same approach, first based on MAXI and then, if necessary, based on BAT. As shown by Grinber ...
... ScWs without simultaneous ASM measurements, we therefore used the closest ASM measurement within 6 hr before or after a given ScW. For the remaining pointings where no such ASM measurements exist, we used the same approach, first based on MAXI and then, if necessary, based on BAT. As shown by Grinber ...
The Focusing and Talbot Effect of Periodic Arrays of Metallic
... To verify the experimental results, 2D finitedifference time-domain (FDTD) simulations were performed, giving the output optical fields for different working conditions. A subwavelength grating composed of nanoslits having the same geometric sizes as the nanohole-arrayed device (#2) was analyzed und ...
... To verify the experimental results, 2D finitedifference time-domain (FDTD) simulations were performed, giving the output optical fields for different working conditions. A subwavelength grating composed of nanoslits having the same geometric sizes as the nanohole-arrayed device (#2) was analyzed und ...
Birefringence
Birefringence is the optical property of a material having a refractive index that depends on the polarization and propagation direction of light. These optically anisotropic materials are said to be birefringent (or birefractive). The birefringence is often quantified as the maximum difference between refractive indices exhibited by the material. Crystals with asymmetric crystal structures are often birefringent, as are plastics under mechanical stress.Birefringence is responsible for the phenomenon of double refraction whereby a ray of light, when incident upon a birefringent material, is split by polarization into two rays taking slightly different paths. This effect was first described by the Danish scientist Rasmus Bartholin in 1669, who observed it in calcite, a crystal having one of the strongest birefringences. However it was not until the 19th century that Augustin-Jean Fresnel described the phenomenon in terms of polarization, understanding light as a wave with field components in transverse polarizations (perpendicular to the direction of the wave vector).