Banking in 2050: How big will the emerging markets get?* Financial Services
... Relationship between banking sector size and economic development It is a well-established fact that, as an economy develops, it moves first from specialising in agriculture to specialising in manufacturing, and then from manufacturing to services, including banking and other financial services. All ...
... Relationship between banking sector size and economic development It is a well-established fact that, as an economy develops, it moves first from specialising in agriculture to specialising in manufacturing, and then from manufacturing to services, including banking and other financial services. All ...
The Crisis and the Future of Corporate Governance Irish Stock
... wide for good corporate governance, they will not be able to compete globally in an increasingly interdependent integrated world”. “In the era of protectionism few bothered about ...
... wide for good corporate governance, they will not be able to compete globally in an increasingly interdependent integrated world”. “In the era of protectionism few bothered about ...
Structural Transformation in Central Africa
... nance large-scale public investment programmes in most countries of the region. Revenue from the exploitation of natural resources averaged 60% of the total revenue of States3. The highest contributions occurred in Equatorial Guinea (91%), Congo (82%) and Chad (67%).4 These resources enabled the lau ...
... nance large-scale public investment programmes in most countries of the region. Revenue from the exploitation of natural resources averaged 60% of the total revenue of States3. The highest contributions occurred in Equatorial Guinea (91%), Congo (82%) and Chad (67%).4 These resources enabled the lau ...
Macro measurements – Chapter 7
... But investing in H also involves a tradeoff between the present & future: Spending a year in school requires sacrificing a year’s wages now to have higher wages later. ...
... But investing in H also involves a tradeoff between the present & future: Spending a year in school requires sacrificing a year’s wages now to have higher wages later. ...
Slide 1
... Which of the following policies do you think would be most effective at boosting growth and living standards in a poor country over the long run? a. Offer tax incentives for investment by local firms ...
... Which of the following policies do you think would be most effective at boosting growth and living standards in a poor country over the long run? a. Offer tax incentives for investment by local firms ...
Reforming Distorted Political Economies
... Growth collapses may not be the ‘trigger’ for civil strife but provide conditions in which such triggers easily emerge. Consistent with Collier (2000), civil strife strong where a. Primary exports, b. Economic decline (i.e. a growth collapse), which leaves a relatively large young male population (a ...
... Growth collapses may not be the ‘trigger’ for civil strife but provide conditions in which such triggers easily emerge. Consistent with Collier (2000), civil strife strong where a. Primary exports, b. Economic decline (i.e. a growth collapse), which leaves a relatively large young male population (a ...
Industry Cooperation and Central China Rise: An Empirical Study in
... that the evolution of markets increases the need for collaboration is at the heart of Adam Smith’s market theory. His basic theorem states that the division of labor is limited by the extend of the market. Recent and significant developments to this theory stem from the fall of the Berlin Wall, whic ...
... that the evolution of markets increases the need for collaboration is at the heart of Adam Smith’s market theory. His basic theorem states that the division of labor is limited by the extend of the market. Recent and significant developments to this theory stem from the fall of the Berlin Wall, whic ...
economic growth and institutional change in turkey before 1980
... standards of living also improved significantly. Most importantly, life expectancy at birth doubled from around 30 years to 62 years during the same period. It would be misleading to judge economic performance only in absolute terms, however. The century until 1980, especially the period after World ...
... standards of living also improved significantly. Most importantly, life expectancy at birth doubled from around 30 years to 62 years during the same period. It would be misleading to judge economic performance only in absolute terms, however. The century until 1980, especially the period after World ...
Slide 1
... with a rising population (N). In panel (b), the country reduces the population growth rate, so that the capital ...
... with a rising population (N). In panel (b), the country reduces the population growth rate, so that the capital ...
Longer-term trends - Public Sector Finance
... contracting, such as the 2008-09 economic downturn, tax revenues are likely to be more subdued, while rising unemployment will increase expenditure on social benefits, resulting in an increase in borrowing and therefore debt. The second set of influences on the public finances arises as a result of ...
... contracting, such as the 2008-09 economic downturn, tax revenues are likely to be more subdued, while rising unemployment will increase expenditure on social benefits, resulting in an increase in borrowing and therefore debt. The second set of influences on the public finances arises as a result of ...
A Policy Framework for Greece`s Fiscal
... the appropriate team is tasked with the active management of its portfolio, the higher the likelihood of a return to normal and to a well-‐functioning banking sector. We envisage the funding ...
... the appropriate team is tasked with the active management of its portfolio, the higher the likelihood of a return to normal and to a well-‐functioning banking sector. We envisage the funding ...
Cross-Country Variations in National Economic Growth Rates: The
... United States today is some six times as wealthy in a material-product realincome sense as was Australia in 1870 (and the United States today is some nine times as well-off as was the United States in 1870).3 I stress that this pace of growth is not only very large but also extraordinarily larger th ...
... United States today is some six times as wealthy in a material-product realincome sense as was Australia in 1870 (and the United States today is some nine times as well-off as was the United States in 1870).3 I stress that this pace of growth is not only very large but also extraordinarily larger th ...
India in the 1980s and 1990s
... level of income at the end of that year was not much higher than that reached two years earlier at the end of 1978-79. Not surprisingly, the average of the growth rates over the ten-year period spanning from 1978-79 to 1987-88 was an unimpressive 4.1 percent. Anyone looking back at the performance ...
... level of income at the end of that year was not much higher than that reached two years earlier at the end of 1978-79. Not surprisingly, the average of the growth rates over the ten-year period spanning from 1978-79 to 1987-88 was an unimpressive 4.1 percent. Anyone looking back at the performance ...
Lecture 2
... Too much inflation hurts saving, investment, and trade — and thereby also growth Too much SOE activity hurts the quality of investment and education — and growth Too much agriculture and, more generally, natural resource dependence, if not well managed, hurts education, investment, and trade — and t ...
... Too much inflation hurts saving, investment, and trade — and thereby also growth Too much SOE activity hurts the quality of investment and education — and growth Too much agriculture and, more generally, natural resource dependence, if not well managed, hurts education, investment, and trade — and t ...
7. Chinese Immigration in the Russian Far East
... Far East for that period did not exceed 1.5-2 million. Although the Russian scariest government closely monitored the situation and regulated migration ...
... Far East for that period did not exceed 1.5-2 million. Although the Russian scariest government closely monitored the situation and regulated migration ...
Presentation
... Extension Package (HEP), Urban Housing Programs, Universal Access Program for Water Supply, rural roads, electricity, telecommunication, women and youth packages, and MSE development; the Government believes that Ethiopia’s development effort is well grounded and has a good chance of meeting the MDG ...
... Extension Package (HEP), Urban Housing Programs, Universal Access Program for Water Supply, rural roads, electricity, telecommunication, women and youth packages, and MSE development; the Government believes that Ethiopia’s development effort is well grounded and has a good chance of meeting the MDG ...
Chinese economic reform
The Chinese economic reform (simplified Chinese: 改革开放; traditional Chinese: 改革開放; pinyin: Gǎigé kāifàng; literally: ""Reform & Opening up"") refers to the program of economic reforms called ""Socialism with Chinese characteristics"" in the People's Republic of China (PRC) that was started in December 1978 by reformists within the Communist Party of China (CPC) led by Deng Xiaoping.China had one of the world's largest and most advanced economies prior to the nineteenth century. In the 18th century, Adam Smith claimed China had long been one of the richest, that is, one of the most fertile, best cultivated, most industrious, most prosperous and most urbanized countries in the world. The economy stagnated since the 16th century and even declined in absolute terms in the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century, with a brief recovery in the 1930s.Economic reforms introducing market principles began in 1978 and were carried out in two stages. The first stage, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, involved the decollectivization of agriculture, the opening up of the country to foreign investment, and permission for entrepreneurs to start businesses. However, most industry remained state-owned. The second stage of reform, in the late 1980s and 1990s, involved the privatization and contracting out of much state-owned industry and the lifting of price controls, protectionist policies, and regulations, although state monopolies in sectors such as banking and petroleum remained. The private sector grew remarkably, accounting for as much as 70 percent of China gross domestic product by 2005. From 1978 until 2013, unprecedented growth occurred, with the economy increasing by 9.5% a year. The conservative Hu-Wen Administration more heavily regulated and controlled the economy after 2005, reversing some reforms.The success of China's economic policies and the manner of their implementation has resulted in immense changes in Chinese society. Large-scale government planning programs alongside market characteristics have minimized poverty, while incomes and income inequality have increased, leading to a backlash led by the New Left. In the academic scene, scholars have debated the reason for the success of the Chinese ""dual-track"" economy, and have compared them to attempts to reform socialism in the East Bloc and the Soviet Union, and the growth of other developing economies.