Shrunken Public Sector Stunts California`s Recovery
... employment that would have occurred without the downturn and cuts. Normally, as the population increases, the public workforce grows proportionally. However, during the period of steep public sector job losses, California’s population continued to grow without a corresponding increase in the number ...
... employment that would have occurred without the downturn and cuts. Normally, as the population increases, the public workforce grows proportionally. However, during the period of steep public sector job losses, California’s population continued to grow without a corresponding increase in the number ...
Chapter 2 : Strengthening macroeconomic resilience for sustained
... and receipts, while improvements in wholesale and retail trade-related activities boosted the transport and storage subsector. Robust All sectors of the economy are expected to expand during the Plan period, as shown in Exhibit 2-3. The structure of the economy continues activities in the infrastruc ...
... and receipts, while improvements in wholesale and retail trade-related activities boosted the transport and storage subsector. Robust All sectors of the economy are expected to expand during the Plan period, as shown in Exhibit 2-3. The structure of the economy continues activities in the infrastruc ...
Addis Ababa City Report
... Merkato marketplace is the largest open-air market in Africa and serves as Addis Ababa’s major retail trading hub for the wholesale and retail distribution of fresh produce, clothing, home ware and various other types of general merchandise. Smaller markets can be found close to the minibus ranks an ...
... Merkato marketplace is the largest open-air market in Africa and serves as Addis Ababa’s major retail trading hub for the wholesale and retail distribution of fresh produce, clothing, home ware and various other types of general merchandise. Smaller markets can be found close to the minibus ranks an ...
Working
... *Helpful comments on this research by the participants in the Stanford University Labor Workshop are gratefully acknowledged. I would also like to thank Nick Dyer and Phihlip Farrell for research assistance, Claire Gilchrist for secretarial assistance, and the NBER for financial assistance. The rese ...
... *Helpful comments on this research by the participants in the Stanford University Labor Workshop are gratefully acknowledged. I would also like to thank Nick Dyer and Phihlip Farrell for research assistance, Claire Gilchrist for secretarial assistance, and the NBER for financial assistance. The rese ...
Biologics – the next wave
... above-trend growth every year. And economists again believe that the economy’s underlying growth potential has risen to near-8 per cent, helped this time by not just new “region- ...
... above-trend growth every year. And economists again believe that the economy’s underlying growth potential has risen to near-8 per cent, helped this time by not just new “region- ...
AODocument
... uncertainty around the performance of the GDP-linked bond, and ask for you input in developing the approach to dealing with revisions that is most efficient and market-friendly. Background: As discussed in the introduction to the term sheet, a preliminary estimate for a quarter’s GDP is typically pr ...
... uncertainty around the performance of the GDP-linked bond, and ask for you input in developing the approach to dealing with revisions that is most efficient and market-friendly. Background: As discussed in the introduction to the term sheet, a preliminary estimate for a quarter’s GDP is typically pr ...
The Stages of Economic Growth Revisited
... practices. And in contrast with the previously dominant view followed by Rostow that growth is driven by capital accumulation, we hold that productivity growth drives economic growth.3 Since the beginning of the 20th century, the United States has been the richest major country in the world, and we ...
... practices. And in contrast with the previously dominant view followed by Rostow that growth is driven by capital accumulation, we hold that productivity growth drives economic growth.3 Since the beginning of the 20th century, the United States has been the richest major country in the world, and we ...
L2_20110304
... when compounded for many years. • Although 2% growth might seem small, such an average growth rate implies that income doubles every 35 years i.e. 8 times per century. • “the rule of 70”: if some variable grows at a rate of x percent per year, then that variable doubles in approximately 70/x years. ...
... when compounded for many years. • Although 2% growth might seem small, such an average growth rate implies that income doubles every 35 years i.e. 8 times per century. • “the rule of 70”: if some variable grows at a rate of x percent per year, then that variable doubles in approximately 70/x years. ...
View/Open
... average inflation rate (>20%) was higher than the expected level (<10%) for the period. The average GDP growth rate (6.3%) was lower than the target (7.5%). In the global context, however, Vietnam’s economic growth and inflation rate were still seen as successful due to the government’s strong polic ...
... average inflation rate (>20%) was higher than the expected level (<10%) for the period. The average GDP growth rate (6.3%) was lower than the target (7.5%). In the global context, however, Vietnam’s economic growth and inflation rate were still seen as successful due to the government’s strong polic ...
Gross Domestic Product
... Government purchases of goods and services (G) are purchases of goods and services by all levels of government. It excludes transfer payments (welfare spending and unemployment compensation) because those payments do not represent new products or services; rather, they are transfers of income. ...
... Government purchases of goods and services (G) are purchases of goods and services by all levels of government. It excludes transfer payments (welfare spending and unemployment compensation) because those payments do not represent new products or services; rather, they are transfers of income. ...
EcOnOMIc FOREcAST - Commercial Properties of Maui
... returned to its pre-recession level of $190. In 2014 it was $207 and in early 2015 up to $213. Visitor spending per day has barely budged between 2007 and 2013, and actually fell in inflation-adjusted terms. However, lodging as a percent of daily spending has increased significantly at the expense o ...
... returned to its pre-recession level of $190. In 2014 it was $207 and in early 2015 up to $213. Visitor spending per day has barely budged between 2007 and 2013, and actually fell in inflation-adjusted terms. However, lodging as a percent of daily spending has increased significantly at the expense o ...
PDF
... # the number of graduates and diplomats trained in the agricultural sciences (including horticulture, veterinary science, food technology) over the past 15 years; # the economic conditions of the agricultural sector (as measured by the annual deviation of net farm income from its long term trend); a ...
... # the number of graduates and diplomats trained in the agricultural sciences (including horticulture, veterinary science, food technology) over the past 15 years; # the economic conditions of the agricultural sector (as measured by the annual deviation of net farm income from its long term trend); a ...
Deglobalization Scenarios: Who Wins? Who Loses? (2010)
... Average annual Growth in Real GDP per capita Last 30 Years Next 30 Years ...
... Average annual Growth in Real GDP per capita Last 30 Years Next 30 Years ...
Word
... The stated findings also influenced the speed of the convergence according to the The Czech Republic converged changes in the relative position in the GDP per capita in PPP – the Czech Republic at a medium tempo was an example of a relatively fast country from among the “new” countries of Central ...
... The stated findings also influenced the speed of the convergence according to the The Czech Republic converged changes in the relative position in the GDP per capita in PPP – the Czech Republic at a medium tempo was an example of a relatively fast country from among the “new” countries of Central ...
Prospects for Private Sector – led growth
... – A need to better understand informal sector. What are the barriers to becoming formal? What are the sources of social capital and traditional legal systems? What economic activities undertaken? Which can become viable sources of growth? Sources of market information? ...
... – A need to better understand informal sector. What are the barriers to becoming formal? What are the sources of social capital and traditional legal systems? What economic activities undertaken? Which can become viable sources of growth? Sources of market information? ...
GDPuses
... GDP gives a measure of economic size and power. Per capita GDP is another measure often used to compare nations' GDP. ...
... GDP gives a measure of economic size and power. Per capita GDP is another measure often used to compare nations' GDP. ...
Understanding R&D Policy: Efficiency or Politics? ECONOMICS
... technological change is key to sustained economic growth. Over the years, the recognition of this fundamental result has pushed innovation to the forefront of the policy agenda. Innovation consists on the discovery of new products and processes, and requires R&D investment in most instances. Governm ...
... technological change is key to sustained economic growth. Over the years, the recognition of this fundamental result has pushed innovation to the forefront of the policy agenda. Innovation consists on the discovery of new products and processes, and requires R&D investment in most instances. Governm ...
Can Latin America Prosper by Reducing the Size of Government?
... where GY represents economic growth, and GC represents government consumption as a percentage of annual real GDP. The positive expected sign on the linear term GC is designed to show the favorable effects of government spending on GDP, while the negative expected sign for the squared term is designe ...
... where GY represents economic growth, and GC represents government consumption as a percentage of annual real GDP. The positive expected sign on the linear term GC is designed to show the favorable effects of government spending on GDP, while the negative expected sign for the squared term is designe ...
Lecture Two: Macroeconomic Variables
... government and state and local governments. This does not include government transfer payments and government interest payments. iv. Net Exports: exports minus imports. Or currently produced goods and services sold to foreigners minus domestic buyers purchases of goods and services produced abroad. ...
... government and state and local governments. This does not include government transfer payments and government interest payments. iv. Net Exports: exports minus imports. Or currently produced goods and services sold to foreigners minus domestic buyers purchases of goods and services produced abroad. ...
Homework Assignment 1
... this in a number of steps assuming a Cobb-Douglas production function with α = ⅓. A. Calculate the average growth rate of output. Download information on Real GDP per Capita (Constant Price: Chain Series) denoted RGDPCH and the Population denoted variable denoted POP. Use this data to calculate tota ...
... this in a number of steps assuming a Cobb-Douglas production function with α = ⅓. A. Calculate the average growth rate of output. Download information on Real GDP per Capita (Constant Price: Chain Series) denoted RGDPCH and the Population denoted variable denoted POP. Use this data to calculate tota ...
Chinese economic reform
The Chinese economic reform (simplified Chinese: 改革开放; traditional Chinese: 改革開放; pinyin: Gǎigé kāifàng; literally: ""Reform & Opening up"") refers to the program of economic reforms called ""Socialism with Chinese characteristics"" in the People's Republic of China (PRC) that was started in December 1978 by reformists within the Communist Party of China (CPC) led by Deng Xiaoping.China had one of the world's largest and most advanced economies prior to the nineteenth century. In the 18th century, Adam Smith claimed China had long been one of the richest, that is, one of the most fertile, best cultivated, most industrious, most prosperous and most urbanized countries in the world. The economy stagnated since the 16th century and even declined in absolute terms in the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century, with a brief recovery in the 1930s.Economic reforms introducing market principles began in 1978 and were carried out in two stages. The first stage, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, involved the decollectivization of agriculture, the opening up of the country to foreign investment, and permission for entrepreneurs to start businesses. However, most industry remained state-owned. The second stage of reform, in the late 1980s and 1990s, involved the privatization and contracting out of much state-owned industry and the lifting of price controls, protectionist policies, and regulations, although state monopolies in sectors such as banking and petroleum remained. The private sector grew remarkably, accounting for as much as 70 percent of China gross domestic product by 2005. From 1978 until 2013, unprecedented growth occurred, with the economy increasing by 9.5% a year. The conservative Hu-Wen Administration more heavily regulated and controlled the economy after 2005, reversing some reforms.The success of China's economic policies and the manner of their implementation has resulted in immense changes in Chinese society. Large-scale government planning programs alongside market characteristics have minimized poverty, while incomes and income inequality have increased, leading to a backlash led by the New Left. In the academic scene, scholars have debated the reason for the success of the Chinese ""dual-track"" economy, and have compared them to attempts to reform socialism in the East Bloc and the Soviet Union, and the growth of other developing economies.