Handout
... Oxidation-Reduction reactions: reaction where one substrate loses electrons (oxidation) and the other gains electrons (reduction) ...
... Oxidation-Reduction reactions: reaction where one substrate loses electrons (oxidation) and the other gains electrons (reduction) ...
Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration is a ______(metabolic
... Cellular respiration is a ____________(metabolic) pathway where organic molecules are disassembled by __________(enzymes). In order to get maximum ATP production, ____________ (Oxygen)is required. glycolysis, and it occurs in the cytosol. a. During the early steps of glycolysis, glucose is converted ...
... Cellular respiration is a ____________(metabolic) pathway where organic molecules are disassembled by __________(enzymes). In order to get maximum ATP production, ____________ (Oxygen)is required. glycolysis, and it occurs in the cytosol. a. During the early steps of glycolysis, glucose is converted ...
Chapter 9 / Energy-Releasing Pathways and Biosynthesis I
... d. 2CO2 produced, 3NAD+ reduced to 3NADH, 1FAD reduced to FADH2 C. Oxidative Phosphorylation (Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis) a. takes place on inner mitochondrial membrane b. electrons from Hs carried by NADH and FADH2 c. electron transport chain consists of molecules that are electron a ...
... d. 2CO2 produced, 3NAD+ reduced to 3NADH, 1FAD reduced to FADH2 C. Oxidative Phosphorylation (Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis) a. takes place on inner mitochondrial membrane b. electrons from Hs carried by NADH and FADH2 c. electron transport chain consists of molecules that are electron a ...
Transport of molecules into a bacterial cell
... reduced to NADH must get re-oxidized to NAD. – What is the greediest electron hog we know? Molecular oxygen. – In Electron transport, electrons are passed to oxygen so that these metabolic processes can continue with more glucose. – Electron carriers in membrane are reversibly reduced, then reoxidiz ...
... reduced to NADH must get re-oxidized to NAD. – What is the greediest electron hog we know? Molecular oxygen. – In Electron transport, electrons are passed to oxygen so that these metabolic processes can continue with more glucose. – Electron carriers in membrane are reversibly reduced, then reoxidiz ...
Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation
... The inner mitochondrial membrane contains 5 separate enzyme complexes, called compelexes I, II, III, IV and V. Each complex accepts or donates electrons to mobile carrier, such as coenzyme Q and cytochrome c. The electrons ultimately combine with oxygen and protons to form water. ...
... The inner mitochondrial membrane contains 5 separate enzyme complexes, called compelexes I, II, III, IV and V. Each complex accepts or donates electrons to mobile carrier, such as coenzyme Q and cytochrome c. The electrons ultimately combine with oxygen and protons to form water. ...
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
... H+ is picked up by NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and transported to the electron transport chain ...
... H+ is picked up by NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and transported to the electron transport chain ...
101 -- 2006
... __ 46. Which parts of the mitochondria are directly involved in the synthesis of ATP? a) matrix b) inner mitochondrial membrane c) outer mitochondrial membrane d) a and b e) a and c f) a, b and c __ 47. Where is ATP synthase located in the mitochondrion? a) ribosomes c) outer membrane e) matrix b) c ...
... __ 46. Which parts of the mitochondria are directly involved in the synthesis of ATP? a) matrix b) inner mitochondrial membrane c) outer mitochondrial membrane d) a and b e) a and c f) a, b and c __ 47. Where is ATP synthase located in the mitochondrion? a) ribosomes c) outer membrane e) matrix b) c ...
Krebs Cycle
... Krebs Cycle: oxidative decarboxylation of the C2 Acetyl group (CH3CO). This cycle has been broken down into 4 steps. The carbons from the original glucose molecule are shown in purple and those of mitochondria molecules in blue. ...
... Krebs Cycle: oxidative decarboxylation of the C2 Acetyl group (CH3CO). This cycle has been broken down into 4 steps. The carbons from the original glucose molecule are shown in purple and those of mitochondria molecules in blue. ...
The Breakdown of Glucose (aka Cellular Respiration)
... 17. The electron carriers, NADH and FADH2 deliver electrons to the ETC, which is located on the inner mitochondrial membrane known as the cristae. Look at your book, as you are still in the matrix … 18. As the electrons travel down the ETC, their potential energy is used to pump H+ ions from the mat ...
... 17. The electron carriers, NADH and FADH2 deliver electrons to the ETC, which is located on the inner mitochondrial membrane known as the cristae. Look at your book, as you are still in the matrix … 18. As the electrons travel down the ETC, their potential energy is used to pump H+ ions from the mat ...
study guide 009
... 20. Explain why fermentation and anaerobic respiration are necessary. 21. Compare the fate of pyruvate in alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. 22. Describe how food molecules other than glucose can be oxidized to make ATP. 23. Explain how ATP production is controlled by the cell and wh ...
... 20. Explain why fermentation and anaerobic respiration are necessary. 21. Compare the fate of pyruvate in alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. 22. Describe how food molecules other than glucose can be oxidized to make ATP. 23. Explain how ATP production is controlled by the cell and wh ...
Bingo Questions
... Selectively permeable membrane – a thin sheet that only allows water to flow through it (eg.cell membrane) Creating Energy: (cellular respiration) Cellular respiration – the process of converting glucose to ATP (cellular energy) Glycolysis – the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid Krebs’ cy ...
... Selectively permeable membrane – a thin sheet that only allows water to flow through it (eg.cell membrane) Creating Energy: (cellular respiration) Cellular respiration – the process of converting glucose to ATP (cellular energy) Glycolysis – the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid Krebs’ cy ...
Cell Metabolism - Florida International University
... Also known as the Krebs Cycle Series of metabolic reactions catalyzed by many enzymes inside the mitochondria. For each glucose molecule, end products are ...
... Also known as the Krebs Cycle Series of metabolic reactions catalyzed by many enzymes inside the mitochondria. For each glucose molecule, end products are ...
mock exam 2 - answers
... 46. Which of the following could represent a possible path of an electron during cellular respiration? a. citric acid, NADH, cytochrome, ATP synthase b. water, NADH, electron transport chain, oxygen c. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, NADH, cytochrome, oxygen d. pyruvate, FAD , cytochrome, oxygen e. glyc ...
... 46. Which of the following could represent a possible path of an electron during cellular respiration? a. citric acid, NADH, cytochrome, ATP synthase b. water, NADH, electron transport chain, oxygen c. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, NADH, cytochrome, oxygen d. pyruvate, FAD , cytochrome, oxygen e. glyc ...
Cellular Respiration
... Easily cycles between NAD+ (its oxidized form) and NADH (its reduced form). ...
... Easily cycles between NAD+ (its oxidized form) and NADH (its reduced form). ...
AzotoOxidativePhosphorylation
... Azotobacter vinelandii exhibits redundancy for two ATP synthase F1 sector subunits, alpha and beta. Avin19740 shows strong similarity (e-105) to the alpha subunit Avin52180. Avin19670 shows strong similarity (e-114 ) to the beta subunit Avin52160. Redundancy is seen for some F0 subunits, but with ...
... Azotobacter vinelandii exhibits redundancy for two ATP synthase F1 sector subunits, alpha and beta. Avin19740 shows strong similarity (e-105) to the alpha subunit Avin52180. Avin19670 shows strong similarity (e-114 ) to the beta subunit Avin52160. Redundancy is seen for some F0 subunits, but with ...
energy & cellular respiration
... aka Krebs Cycle • Takes place in matrix solution • One acetyl CoA enters Krebs by bonding with OAA to form citric acid • The CoA drops off the acetyl compound & goes back to get another acetyl group • Citric acid can also inhibit PFK ...
... aka Krebs Cycle • Takes place in matrix solution • One acetyl CoA enters Krebs by bonding with OAA to form citric acid • The CoA drops off the acetyl compound & goes back to get another acetyl group • Citric acid can also inhibit PFK ...
Metabolic System and Exercise
... Free fatty acids enter the mitochondria and undergo βoxidation Energy production from 1 molecule of fatty acid (palmitic acid C16H32O2) yields 129 ATP ...
... Free fatty acids enter the mitochondria and undergo βoxidation Energy production from 1 molecule of fatty acid (palmitic acid C16H32O2) yields 129 ATP ...
4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration I. Respiration
... times C. Has 2 main stages: 1) Kreb’s Cycle mitochondrion 2) Electron Transport Chain ...
... times C. Has 2 main stages: 1) Kreb’s Cycle mitochondrion 2) Electron Transport Chain ...
Text S1.
... Figure II-1: the phosphoketolase cycle that results in complete “combustion” of glycerol (or glucose, see Figure II-2) into co2 and h2o. Abbreviations: PKL phosphoketolase; TAL transaldolase; TKT transketolase; PYROX pyruvate oxidase; GLYK glycerol kinase; G3PD1 glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; T ...
... Figure II-1: the phosphoketolase cycle that results in complete “combustion” of glycerol (or glucose, see Figure II-2) into co2 and h2o. Abbreviations: PKL phosphoketolase; TAL transaldolase; TKT transketolase; PYROX pyruvate oxidase; GLYK glycerol kinase; G3PD1 glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; T ...
Cellular Respiration
... In the above equation oxygen is the electron acceptor in the oxidation of glucose Most organisms are obligate aerobes – they require oxygen and cannot survive without it Obligate anaerobes (some species of bacteria) use other molecules as the final electron acceptor and must live in environments tha ...
... In the above equation oxygen is the electron acceptor in the oxidation of glucose Most organisms are obligate aerobes – they require oxygen and cannot survive without it Obligate anaerobes (some species of bacteria) use other molecules as the final electron acceptor and must live in environments tha ...
Cellular Respiration
... The ATP produced in Glycolysis & the Krebs Cycle is produced by this method. ...
... The ATP produced in Glycolysis & the Krebs Cycle is produced by this method. ...
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme often called the ""molecular unit of currency"" of intracellular energy transfer.ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration, and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, including biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups, and it is produced by a wide variety of enzymes, including ATP synthase, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and various phosphate group donors. Substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration, and photophosphorylation in photosynthesis are three major mechanisms of ATP biosynthesis.Metabolic processes that use ATP as an energy source convert it back into its precursors. ATP is therefore continuously recycled in organisms: the human body, which on average contains only 250 grams (8.8 oz) of ATP, turns over its own body weight equivalent in ATP each day.ATP is used as a substrate in signal transduction pathways by kinases that phosphorylate proteins and lipids. It is also used by adenylate cyclase, which uses ATP to produce the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP. The ratio between ATP and AMP is used as a way for a cell to sense how much energy is available and control the metabolic pathways that produce and consume ATP. Apart from its roles in signaling and energy metabolism, ATP is also incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the process of transcription. ATP is the neurotransmitter believed to signal the sense of taste.The structure of this molecule consists of a purine base (adenine) attached by the 9' nitrogen atom to the 1' carbon atom of a pentose sugar (ribose). Three phosphate groups are attached at the 5' carbon atom of the pentose sugar. It is the addition and removal of these phosphate groups that inter-convert ATP, ADP and AMP. When ATP is used in DNA synthesis, the ribose sugar is first converted to deoxyribose by ribonucleotide reductase.ATP was discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohmann, and independently by Cyrus Fiske and Yellapragada Subbarow of Harvard Medical School, but its correct structure was not determined until some years later. It was proposed to be the intermediary molecule between energy-yielding and energy-requiring reactions in cells by Fritz Albert Lipmann in 1941. It was first artificially synthesized by Alexander Todd in 1948.