Group A Streptococcus (Group A Strep)
... • It is a germ (bacteria) that can be found in the nose and throat of children and adults without causing illness. • It can cause different diseases such as ear infections, strep throat, scarlet fever and impetigo. • It can also cause more serious illness such as necrotizing fasciitis or “flesh eati ...
... • It is a germ (bacteria) that can be found in the nose and throat of children and adults without causing illness. • It can cause different diseases such as ear infections, strep throat, scarlet fever and impetigo. • It can also cause more serious illness such as necrotizing fasciitis or “flesh eati ...
rheumatic stenoses of all four cardiac valves: a case report
... for confirming clinical findings and allows assessment of the severity of valvular stenosis and regurgitation. (Anatol ...
... for confirming clinical findings and allows assessment of the severity of valvular stenosis and regurgitation. (Anatol ...
Document
... Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) It is necrotising-granulomatous vasculitis involving small and medium-sized muscular arteries of multiple organs and tissues (kidneys, heart, liver, GIT, muscles, pancreas, testes, nervous system, skin). The condition is believed to result from deposition of immune comp ...
... Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) It is necrotising-granulomatous vasculitis involving small and medium-sized muscular arteries of multiple organs and tissues (kidneys, heart, liver, GIT, muscles, pancreas, testes, nervous system, skin). The condition is believed to result from deposition of immune comp ...
Rheumatic Heart Disease
... It almost always follows a strep throat infection, which is an infection of the respiratory tract caused by bacteria of the Streptococcus family. Children are far more likely to get strep throat than adults. Normally, Streptococcus causes a cough and a sore throat, and clears up with antibiotics Thi ...
... It almost always follows a strep throat infection, which is an infection of the respiratory tract caused by bacteria of the Streptococcus family. Children are far more likely to get strep throat than adults. Normally, Streptococcus causes a cough and a sore throat, and clears up with antibiotics Thi ...
Rheumatic Fever
... prednisone is 2 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses for 2-3 wk followed by half the dose for 2-3 wk and then tapering of the dose by 5mg/24 hr every 2-3 days. When prednisone is being tapered, aspirin should be started at 50 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses for 6 wk to prevent rebound of inflammation. Ad ...
... prednisone is 2 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses for 2-3 wk followed by half the dose for 2-3 wk and then tapering of the dose by 5mg/24 hr every 2-3 days. When prednisone is being tapered, aspirin should be started at 50 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses for 6 wk to prevent rebound of inflammation. Ad ...
Rheumatic fever, pericarditis
... to severe arthritis (erythema, warmth, swelling) • Joint aspiration may reveal moderate leukocytosis • Individual arthritis last 1 to 2 weeks, polyarthritis resolves in 1 month or less • Arthritis phase frequently overlaps with the onset of carditis, and the two manifestations appear to be inversely ...
... to severe arthritis (erythema, warmth, swelling) • Joint aspiration may reveal moderate leukocytosis • Individual arthritis last 1 to 2 weeks, polyarthritis resolves in 1 month or less • Arthritis phase frequently overlaps with the onset of carditis, and the two manifestations appear to be inversely ...
Rheumatic heart disease
... scarring of valve leaflets, commissures, cusps and chordae tendineae lead to abnormalities that can result in valve stenosis or regurgitation or a combination of stenosis and insufficiency.2 Variables that correlate with severity of valve disease include the number of previous attacks of rheumatic fev ...
... scarring of valve leaflets, commissures, cusps and chordae tendineae lead to abnormalities that can result in valve stenosis or regurgitation or a combination of stenosis and insufficiency.2 Variables that correlate with severity of valve disease include the number of previous attacks of rheumatic fev ...
Strep Throat/Scarlet Fever
... SYMPTOMS Strep throat - Starts suddenly with fever, red sore throat, and swollen glands. Headache may occur. Nausea, abdominal pain, and vomiting may be more common in children. Scarlet fever - A very fine raised rash (feels like sandpaper) is present. The rash blanches with pressure. The rash appea ...
... SYMPTOMS Strep throat - Starts suddenly with fever, red sore throat, and swollen glands. Headache may occur. Nausea, abdominal pain, and vomiting may be more common in children. Scarlet fever - A very fine raised rash (feels like sandpaper) is present. The rash blanches with pressure. The rash appea ...
VALVULAR HEART DISEASE
... is an acute, immunologically mediated, multisystem inflammatory disease that occurs after group A βhemolytic streptococcal infections (usually pharyngitis, rarely skin infection). Rheumatic heart disease is the cardiac manifestation of rheumatic fever. valvular inflammation and scarring produces the ...
... is an acute, immunologically mediated, multisystem inflammatory disease that occurs after group A βhemolytic streptococcal infections (usually pharyngitis, rarely skin infection). Rheumatic heart disease is the cardiac manifestation of rheumatic fever. valvular inflammation and scarring produces the ...
An Unusual Presentation of Acute Rheumatic Fever
... The most suitable treatment of ARF remains unclear, anti-inflammatory agents including corticosteroids are frequently used. Also, long-acting benzathine penicillin is the recommended treatment, with the first dose prescribed at diagnosis, followed by continuous 3-week interval age-appropriated dosin ...
... The most suitable treatment of ARF remains unclear, anti-inflammatory agents including corticosteroids are frequently used. Also, long-acting benzathine penicillin is the recommended treatment, with the first dose prescribed at diagnosis, followed by continuous 3-week interval age-appropriated dosin ...
Pediatrics—Acquired Heart Disease
... Pediatrics—Acquired Heart Disease Rheumatic Fever Rheumatic fever is a multi-system inflammatory disease, probably autoimmune in nature, which affects the heart, joints, skin, and CNS. May cause permanent cardiac valvular disease. A prerequisite of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection of t ...
... Pediatrics—Acquired Heart Disease Rheumatic Fever Rheumatic fever is a multi-system inflammatory disease, probably autoimmune in nature, which affects the heart, joints, skin, and CNS. May cause permanent cardiac valvular disease. A prerequisite of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection of t ...
Flesh Eating Disease
... rarely, these symptoms may progress quickly to severe illness with high fever, headache, and very painful skin infection which spreads rapidly at a rate of two to three centimetres (an inch) per hour. Death can occur in 12 to 24 hours. If you or a member of your family display these symptoms, seek i ...
... rarely, these symptoms may progress quickly to severe illness with high fever, headache, and very painful skin infection which spreads rapidly at a rate of two to three centimetres (an inch) per hour. Death can occur in 12 to 24 hours. If you or a member of your family display these symptoms, seek i ...
prevalence of early rheumatic heart disease in rural guyanese
... Results: 228 children between the ages of 8 and 17 years were reviewed: Thirteen children had definite echo evidence for RHD (5.9%). Sixty-seven percent had evidence of recent streptococcal infection. The relative risk of cases versus controls of being PCR positive for Streptococcus pyogenes was 3.6 ...
... Results: 228 children between the ages of 8 and 17 years were reviewed: Thirteen children had definite echo evidence for RHD (5.9%). Sixty-seven percent had evidence of recent streptococcal infection. The relative risk of cases versus controls of being PCR positive for Streptococcus pyogenes was 3.6 ...
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... multisystem inflammatory disease that occurs after group A β-hemolytic streptococcal infections (usually pharyngitis, rarely skin infection). • Rheumatic heart disease is the cardiac manifestation of rheumatic fever. ...
... multisystem inflammatory disease that occurs after group A β-hemolytic streptococcal infections (usually pharyngitis, rarely skin infection). • Rheumatic heart disease is the cardiac manifestation of rheumatic fever. ...
CVS Pathology Lecture Notes (L3)
... Agent – Streptococcus pyogenes (usually, an URTI) Pathogenesis – cross reaction between antistreptococcal antibodies and tissue antigens Leson – Aschoff body Jones Criteris (revised) For Guidance In the Diagnosis of Rheumatic Fever Major Manifestations ...
... Agent – Streptococcus pyogenes (usually, an URTI) Pathogenesis – cross reaction between antistreptococcal antibodies and tissue antigens Leson – Aschoff body Jones Criteris (revised) For Guidance In the Diagnosis of Rheumatic Fever Major Manifestations ...
Scarlet fever
... Scarlet fever (Streptococcus pyogenes) This is a bacterial infection caused by the same bacteria as ‘strep throat’. It is also known as scarlatina. Symptoms: Fever, sore throat, ‘strawberry tongue’ (swollen, red spots enlarged), characteristic rash which appears 12-48 hours after the fever. The rash ...
... Scarlet fever (Streptococcus pyogenes) This is a bacterial infection caused by the same bacteria as ‘strep throat’. It is also known as scarlatina. Symptoms: Fever, sore throat, ‘strawberry tongue’ (swollen, red spots enlarged), characteristic rash which appears 12-48 hours after the fever. The rash ...
Aschoff bodies
... frequently of a previously normal heart valve, with a highly virulent organism, that leads to death within days to weeks of more than 50% of patients despite antibiotics and surgery. • In contrast, organisms of low virulence can cause infection in a previously abnormal heart, particularly on deforme ...
... frequently of a previously normal heart valve, with a highly virulent organism, that leads to death within days to weeks of more than 50% of patients despite antibiotics and surgery. • In contrast, organisms of low virulence can cause infection in a previously abnormal heart, particularly on deforme ...
streptococcal infection - Independent School District 196
... Starts suddenly with fever, red sore throat, and swollen glands. Headache may occur. Nausea, abdominal pain, and vomiting may be more common in children. A very fine raised rash (feels like sandpaper) is present. The rash blanches with pressure. The rash appears most often on the neck, chest, elbow, ...
... Starts suddenly with fever, red sore throat, and swollen glands. Headache may occur. Nausea, abdominal pain, and vomiting may be more common in children. A very fine raised rash (feels like sandpaper) is present. The rash blanches with pressure. The rash appears most often on the neck, chest, elbow, ...
Case 5 – Fever and Cough
... following history from the past 36 hours. The patient had a tight cough. He had significant muscle aches and pains. He had a bad headache and had had fevers of 101-103F. The physician ordered a chest x-ray. It did not show any significant consolidated inflammation suggestive of pneumonia. The patien ...
... following history from the past 36 hours. The patient had a tight cough. He had significant muscle aches and pains. He had a bad headache and had had fevers of 101-103F. The physician ordered a chest x-ray. It did not show any significant consolidated inflammation suggestive of pneumonia. The patien ...
Document
... in serum and leukocytosis) may show an increase in serum complement, mucoproteins, alpha-2, and gamma globulins. Anemia usually is caused by suppression of erythropoiesis. – PR interval prolongation is present in approximately 25% of all cases and is neither specific to nor diagnostic of ARF. – Trop ...
... in serum and leukocytosis) may show an increase in serum complement, mucoproteins, alpha-2, and gamma globulins. Anemia usually is caused by suppression of erythropoiesis. – PR interval prolongation is present in approximately 25% of all cases and is neither specific to nor diagnostic of ARF. – Trop ...
Rheumatic Fever Etiology and Pathogenesis
... • The C repeat region is considered to have conserved T cell epitopes that also elicit tissue specific immune response ( basis for RF-vaccine research) •Based on the conserved C repeat regions Class I & Class II GAS strains are named. •It is the Class I M-type of which belongs the strains 1,3,5,6,1 ...
... • The C repeat region is considered to have conserved T cell epitopes that also elicit tissue specific immune response ( basis for RF-vaccine research) •Based on the conserved C repeat regions Class I & Class II GAS strains are named. •It is the Class I M-type of which belongs the strains 1,3,5,6,1 ...
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever, also known as acute rheumatic fever (ARF), is an inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. The disease typically develops two to four weeks after a throat infection. Signs and symptoms include fever, multiple painful joints, involuntary muscle movements, and a characteristic but uncommon non itchy rash known as erythema marginatum. The heart is involved in about half of cases. Permanent damage to the heart valves, known as rheumatic heart disease (RHD), usually only occurs after multiple attacks but may occasionally occur after a single case of ARF. The damaged valves may result in heart failure. The abnormal valves also increase the risk of the person developing atrial fibrillation and infection of the valves.Acute rheumatic fever may occur following an infection of the throat by the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes. If it is untreated ARF occurs in up to three percent of people. The underlying mechanism is believed to involve the production of antibodies against a person's own tissues. Some people due to their genetics are more likely to get the disease when exposed to the bacteria than others. Other risk factors include malnutrition and poverty. Diagnosis of ARF is often based on the presence of signs and symptoms in combination with evidence of a recent streptococcal infection.Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics, such as penicillin, decreases their risk of getting ARF. This often involves testing people with sore throats for the infection, which may not be available in the developing world. Other preventative measures include improved sanitation. In those with ARF and RHD prolonged periods of antibiotics are sometimes recommended. Gradual return to normal activities may occur following an attack. Once RHD develops, treatment is more difficult. Occasionally valve replacement surgery or repair is required. Otherwise complications are treated as per normal.Acute rheumatic fever occurs in about 325,000 children each year and about 18 million people currently have rheumatic heart disease. Those who get ARF are most often between the ages of 5 and 14, with 20% of first-time attacks occurring in adults. The disease is most common in the developing world and among indigenous peoples in the developed world. In 2013 it resulted in 275,000 deaths down from 374,000 deaths in 1990. Most deaths occur in the developing world where as many as 12.5% of people affected may die each year. Descriptions of the condition are believed to date back to at least the 5th century BCE in the writings of Hippocrates. The disease is so named because its symptoms are similar to those of some rheumatic disorders.