AB146PSI-AOAPO_KumariP_30092016
... disease is systemic in nature and predominantly affects bones and cartilage of synovial joints in symmetric fashion. Synovial tissue is the primary target site for inflammation where infiltrated immune cells significantly modify its protective function. Various immune mediators secreted from residen ...
... disease is systemic in nature and predominantly affects bones and cartilage of synovial joints in symmetric fashion. Synovial tissue is the primary target site for inflammation where infiltrated immune cells significantly modify its protective function. Various immune mediators secreted from residen ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... II. State whether the following are true or false; if false give reason: (5 x 1= 5 marks) (6) Monocytes are agranulocytes. (7) An individual can inherit a maximum of 12 different MHC II molecules. (8) Autoantibodies to intrinsic factor will lead to Goodpasture’s syndrome. (9) Monoclonal antibodies a ...
... II. State whether the following are true or false; if false give reason: (5 x 1= 5 marks) (6) Monocytes are agranulocytes. (7) An individual can inherit a maximum of 12 different MHC II molecules. (8) Autoantibodies to intrinsic factor will lead to Goodpasture’s syndrome. (9) Monoclonal antibodies a ...
Slide 1
... • Class I molecules “present” peptides from molecules that are made inside the cell (endogenous processing pathway). Viral particles, for example, are made internally. • Together the peptide and MHC form a shape (3-D structure) that may match (complement) the surface of a T cell receptor • MHC Class ...
... • Class I molecules “present” peptides from molecules that are made inside the cell (endogenous processing pathway). Viral particles, for example, are made internally. • Together the peptide and MHC form a shape (3-D structure) that may match (complement) the surface of a T cell receptor • MHC Class ...
01-Introduction to Immunology 1st lecture
... What is immunology? • Immune (Latin- “immunus”) – To be free, exempt – People survived ravages of epidemic diseases when faced with the same disease again – Immunity: The state of protection from infectious disease ...
... What is immunology? • Immune (Latin- “immunus”) – To be free, exempt – People survived ravages of epidemic diseases when faced with the same disease again – Immunity: The state of protection from infectious disease ...
Lecture 5 T Cell-Mediated Immunity
... microbial preparation (eg. heat-killed extract of Mycobacterium tuberculosis) aqueous phase containing antigen ...
... microbial preparation (eg. heat-killed extract of Mycobacterium tuberculosis) aqueous phase containing antigen ...
Love bite
... La Jolla, California. They searched the literature for other organisms that use bicarbonate, and found work on a photosynthetic bacterium, Synechococcus elongatus. This shuttles bicarbonate through its cell membrane by means of a multiprotein structure known as an ABC transporter. A scan of B. anthr ...
... La Jolla, California. They searched the literature for other organisms that use bicarbonate, and found work on a photosynthetic bacterium, Synechococcus elongatus. This shuttles bicarbonate through its cell membrane by means of a multiprotein structure known as an ABC transporter. A scan of B. anthr ...
10_12_immuno~2
... understanding if immunity has been around for some time: – immunity evolves from the latin word inmunis, which was derived from in (free or exempt from, without) and munus (civil services or taxation) – first recorded mention of the phenomenon of immunity (in European history) is by Thucydides (460- ...
... understanding if immunity has been around for some time: – immunity evolves from the latin word inmunis, which was derived from in (free or exempt from, without) and munus (civil services or taxation) – first recorded mention of the phenomenon of immunity (in European history) is by Thucydides (460- ...
Review for Human Body Test #3 Endocrine, Excretory, Immune
... 14. Urine is carried from the kidneys to the urinary bladder by two tubes called ____________________. 15. Urine passes out of the body from the urinary bladder through a tube called the ____________________. 16. The __________________ filter blood, remove waste, and balance the water content of the ...
... 14. Urine is carried from the kidneys to the urinary bladder by two tubes called ____________________. 15. Urine passes out of the body from the urinary bladder through a tube called the ____________________. 16. The __________________ filter blood, remove waste, and balance the water content of the ...
Slide 1
... A set of physiological reactions to damage of tissue integrity, leading to protection against infection, localization and restriction of the damaged site and finally to healing. ...
... A set of physiological reactions to damage of tissue integrity, leading to protection against infection, localization and restriction of the damaged site and finally to healing. ...
autoimmunity
... initially thought to have arthritis because SLE has caused inflammation of the joints. Kidneys are frequently affected. If SLE affects the brain, for example, a person might be initially diagnosed as psychotic, epileptic or suffering from a stroke. The respiratory system is one of the most frequentl ...
... initially thought to have arthritis because SLE has caused inflammation of the joints. Kidneys are frequently affected. If SLE affects the brain, for example, a person might be initially diagnosed as psychotic, epileptic or suffering from a stroke. The respiratory system is one of the most frequentl ...
Ch. 43 Immune System 9e v2 (1)
... • Interferons (inhibit viral reproduction) • Complement system (~30 proteins, membrane attack complex) ...
... • Interferons (inhibit viral reproduction) • Complement system (~30 proteins, membrane attack complex) ...
bacteria engage in a hazardous hide-and
... the inside of human cells and thus evade the immune system until it stops its defence. "Until now it was thought that streptococci penetrate into epithelial cells, which is the external layer of cells, and survive in these cells," says Prof Manfred Rohde, head of the Central Microscopy Unit at the H ...
... the inside of human cells and thus evade the immune system until it stops its defence. "Until now it was thought that streptococci penetrate into epithelial cells, which is the external layer of cells, and survive in these cells," says Prof Manfred Rohde, head of the Central Microscopy Unit at the H ...
دانلود فایل
... Adaptive immunity • Adaptive Immunity: stimulated by exposure to microbes and with re-exposure make a faster and more powerful responses. • Because this form of immunity develops as a response to infection and adapts to the infection, it is called adaptive immunity. • It has a huge capacity to dist ...
... Adaptive immunity • Adaptive Immunity: stimulated by exposure to microbes and with re-exposure make a faster and more powerful responses. • Because this form of immunity develops as a response to infection and adapts to the infection, it is called adaptive immunity. • It has a huge capacity to dist ...
Freeman 1e: How we got there
... MHC protein (positive selection) or react strongly with self antigens (negative selection) are eliminated by clonal deletion in the thymus. The T cells that do not bind MHC proteins are programmed to die, a process ...
... MHC protein (positive selection) or react strongly with self antigens (negative selection) are eliminated by clonal deletion in the thymus. The T cells that do not bind MHC proteins are programmed to die, a process ...
Immune system
... response is not affected by prior exposures. is provided by epithelial barriers of the skin and mucosal tissues and by cells, all of which function to block the entry of microbes. If microbes do breach epithelia and enter the tissues or circulation, they are attacked by ...
... response is not affected by prior exposures. is provided by epithelial barriers of the skin and mucosal tissues and by cells, all of which function to block the entry of microbes. If microbes do breach epithelia and enter the tissues or circulation, they are attacked by ...
Chapter 43:The Body`s Defenses - Volunteer State Community
... • This is responsible for the characteristic redness & heat of inflammation • The filled capillaries leak fluid into neighboring tissues causing edema (swelling) ...
... • This is responsible for the characteristic redness & heat of inflammation • The filled capillaries leak fluid into neighboring tissues causing edema (swelling) ...
Chapter 40: Immune System Chapter 41: Nervous System Chapter
... You can get infectious disease through: Person ...
... You can get infectious disease through: Person ...
File
... The malaria pathogen is found in red blood cells of humans and shows great antigenic variation to avoid the host’s immune response. Individual pathogenic cells produce a protein that is transported to an infected red blood cell’s surface, making the red blood cell adhere to the lining of the blood v ...
... The malaria pathogen is found in red blood cells of humans and shows great antigenic variation to avoid the host’s immune response. Individual pathogenic cells produce a protein that is transported to an infected red blood cell’s surface, making the red blood cell adhere to the lining of the blood v ...
link
... • Antibodies: Proteins made by immune cells that “recognize” or bind with particular antigens. Original diversity of antibodyproducing cells depends on recombination of genetic sequences during cell development • Macrophages: phagocytic cells in blood) • Cytotoxic T-cells: “killer” white blood cells ...
... • Antibodies: Proteins made by immune cells that “recognize” or bind with particular antigens. Original diversity of antibodyproducing cells depends on recombination of genetic sequences during cell development • Macrophages: phagocytic cells in blood) • Cytotoxic T-cells: “killer” white blood cells ...
exam bullet points
... Different B cells are specific to different antigens. B cells divide rapidly to produce plasma cells. Plasma cells release antibody. Antibody binds to antigen on pathogen Some B cells become memory cells*. Cytotoxic T cells are activated by T helper cells and directly destroy infected cells. ...
... Different B cells are specific to different antigens. B cells divide rapidly to produce plasma cells. Plasma cells release antibody. Antibody binds to antigen on pathogen Some B cells become memory cells*. Cytotoxic T cells are activated by T helper cells and directly destroy infected cells. ...
Adaptive immunity Adaptive Immunity
... Negative selection — clearing out the bad apples from the T-cell repertoire. Ed Palmer Nature Reviews Immunology 3, 383-391 (May 2003) ...
... Negative selection — clearing out the bad apples from the T-cell repertoire. Ed Palmer Nature Reviews Immunology 3, 383-391 (May 2003) ...
Immune system
The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.Pathogens can rapidly evolve and adapt, and thereby avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system; however, multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and insects. These mechanisms include phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms, including the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer.Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. In humans, immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms. Common autoimmune diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology covers the study of all aspects of the immune system.