Powerpoint version
... The MHC is a set of genes that code for glycoproteins on cell membranes and mark cells as “self” ...
... The MHC is a set of genes that code for glycoproteins on cell membranes and mark cells as “self” ...
Bio07_TR__U10_CH40.QXD
... cells infected with a virus may produce proteins called interferons, which interfere with the growth of the virus. If a pathogen is able to get past the nonspecific defenses, the immune system reacts with specific defenses against that particular pathogen. This is called the immune response. A subst ...
... cells infected with a virus may produce proteins called interferons, which interfere with the growth of the virus. If a pathogen is able to get past the nonspecific defenses, the immune system reacts with specific defenses against that particular pathogen. This is called the immune response. A subst ...
exam bullet points
... Epidermis of skin is dead/keratinised so pathogens cannot penetrate; Mucus in respiratory system is trapping sticky pathogens; Cilia move fluid/mucus removing pathogens; Tears/saliva/mucus containing lysozyme breaking down bacterial cell wall; Stomach contains hydrochloric acid which destroys bacter ...
... Epidermis of skin is dead/keratinised so pathogens cannot penetrate; Mucus in respiratory system is trapping sticky pathogens; Cilia move fluid/mucus removing pathogens; Tears/saliva/mucus containing lysozyme breaking down bacterial cell wall; Stomach contains hydrochloric acid which destroys bacter ...
T cell targeting of latent cytomegalovirus infected cells: can viral
... regularly seen after primary infection of individuals with an underdeveloped or suppressed immune system, such as transplant patients or those suffering with AIDS. Similarly, infection in utero, in the developing immunonaive foetus, can result in mental retardation, deafness and blindness. In indivi ...
... regularly seen after primary infection of individuals with an underdeveloped or suppressed immune system, such as transplant patients or those suffering with AIDS. Similarly, infection in utero, in the developing immunonaive foetus, can result in mental retardation, deafness and blindness. In indivi ...
APCH43REV
... 17) Compare the production of and functions of class I MHC and class II MHC molecules. Immune Responses 18) Distinguish between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity. 19) Describe the roles of helper T lymphocytes in both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. 20) Explain how cytotoxic T cells an ...
... 17) Compare the production of and functions of class I MHC and class II MHC molecules. Immune Responses 18) Distinguish between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity. 19) Describe the roles of helper T lymphocytes in both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. 20) Explain how cytotoxic T cells an ...
Nonspecific Defenses Against Infection
... 17) Compare the production of and functions of class I MHC and class II MHC molecules. Immune Responses 18) Distinguish between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity. 19) Describe the roles of helper T lymphocytes in both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. 20) Explain how cytotoxic T cells an ...
... 17) Compare the production of and functions of class I MHC and class II MHC molecules. Immune Responses 18) Distinguish between humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity. 19) Describe the roles of helper T lymphocytes in both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. 20) Explain how cytotoxic T cells an ...
Blank Jeopardy
... This is the advanced stage of an HIV infection. HIV is a pathogen transmitted through blood that progressively damages or kills cells of the immune system. ...
... This is the advanced stage of an HIV infection. HIV is a pathogen transmitted through blood that progressively damages or kills cells of the immune system. ...
Lymphocytes - Spark (e
... the first cells that step in the defense of the organism. They are divided in 2 different types: -Lymphocytes B memory -Plasmacells ...
... the first cells that step in the defense of the organism. They are divided in 2 different types: -Lymphocytes B memory -Plasmacells ...
Suggested Answers to Discussion topics
... 2 responses to bacteria such as streptococcus pneumonia and Haemophilus influenza, two bacteria that Daniel would be highly susceptible to. Both the T and B cell differentiation would align with Daniel’s ability/or not to control infective processes. Specifically these levels would give information ...
... 2 responses to bacteria such as streptococcus pneumonia and Haemophilus influenza, two bacteria that Daniel would be highly susceptible to. Both the T and B cell differentiation would align with Daniel’s ability/or not to control infective processes. Specifically these levels would give information ...
Unit 4 Immunology Summary
... B lymphocytes. Each B lymphocyte clone produces a specific antibody molecule that will recognise a specific antigen surface molecule on a pathogen or a toxin. Antigen-antibody complexes may inactivate a pathogen or toxin or render it more susceptible to phagocytosis. In other cases the antigen-antib ...
... B lymphocytes. Each B lymphocyte clone produces a specific antibody molecule that will recognise a specific antigen surface molecule on a pathogen or a toxin. Antigen-antibody complexes may inactivate a pathogen or toxin or render it more susceptible to phagocytosis. In other cases the antigen-antib ...
Emotional Behaviors
... Consists of cells that protect the body against invaders like bacteria and viruses – Leukocytes • White Blood Cells • Patrol blood and other body fluids for invaders • Identifies antigens on intruders and signal attack from immune system – Macrophage • Surrounds intruder, digests it, and exposes its ...
... Consists of cells that protect the body against invaders like bacteria and viruses – Leukocytes • White Blood Cells • Patrol blood and other body fluids for invaders • Identifies antigens on intruders and signal attack from immune system – Macrophage • Surrounds intruder, digests it, and exposes its ...
Document
... find a way around it. If the intruders get past the physical barriers, they must face your body’s fighters in hand-tohand combat. ...
... find a way around it. If the intruders get past the physical barriers, they must face your body’s fighters in hand-tohand combat. ...
IMMUNE SYSTEM NON-SPECIFIC DEFENSE
... 1. Injured cells release a chemical signal called histamine to increase blood flow to area 2. platelets cause clotting trapping pathogens 3. Area swells, becomes warm, and macrophages/phagocyte (wbc) move in and engulf bacteria ...
... 1. Injured cells release a chemical signal called histamine to increase blood flow to area 2. platelets cause clotting trapping pathogens 3. Area swells, becomes warm, and macrophages/phagocyte (wbc) move in and engulf bacteria ...
Guide 22
... • How Does the body distinguish between self and non-self? • Why don't we make antibodies against our the molecules (antigens) in our bodies? ...
... • How Does the body distinguish between self and non-self? • Why don't we make antibodies against our the molecules (antigens) in our bodies? ...
Chapter review p 83-84 Model answers Cell Function Organelles
... 19. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a series of folded membranes within a cell where many proteins, lipids, and other materials are made in the cell. The smooth ER also helps break down toxic materials. The ER is the part of the internal delivery system in a cell. The Golgi complex modifies, packa ...
... 19. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a series of folded membranes within a cell where many proteins, lipids, and other materials are made in the cell. The smooth ER also helps break down toxic materials. The ER is the part of the internal delivery system in a cell. The Golgi complex modifies, packa ...
Multiple Choice. Answer all questions. _____1. When comparing
... _____29. Which of the following statements about the humoral immune response is true? A) The humoral immune response defends against bacteria and viruses by activating T cells. B) The humoral immune response defends primarily against bacteria and viruses present in body fluids. C) The humoral immune ...
... _____29. Which of the following statements about the humoral immune response is true? A) The humoral immune response defends against bacteria and viruses by activating T cells. B) The humoral immune response defends primarily against bacteria and viruses present in body fluids. C) The humoral immune ...
No Slide Title
... circulatory system, without me your system would not be in homeostasis and your system would not be able to ...
... circulatory system, without me your system would not be in homeostasis and your system would not be able to ...
March 2016, Anti-inflammatory role of a natural
... with representatives from both, Academia and Industry. A Workshop Report has just been published in the Bulletin of the European Association of Fish ...
... with representatives from both, Academia and Industry. A Workshop Report has just been published in the Bulletin of the European Association of Fish ...
Week 9: Today`s Program
... Vertebrate lymphocytes take on specialized roles Circulate through blood & lymph, concentrated in spleen & lymph nodes B & T cells bear ~100K antigen receptors (all the same) Antigenbinding sites ...
... Vertebrate lymphocytes take on specialized roles Circulate through blood & lymph, concentrated in spleen & lymph nodes B & T cells bear ~100K antigen receptors (all the same) Antigenbinding sites ...
Chapter 40-2
... Fever also causes heart rate to increase which pushes WBCs to infected tissue faster ...
... Fever also causes heart rate to increase which pushes WBCs to infected tissue faster ...
Harvard Summer Program Immunology Project Resource
... peers about their cell. In groups, or individually, students create story boards, cartoons or books that show their understanding of cell players in the immune system. 2. This lesson as it is can serve as an assessment. 3. Students can demonstrate their understanding by presenting their information ...
... peers about their cell. In groups, or individually, students create story boards, cartoons or books that show their understanding of cell players in the immune system. 2. This lesson as it is can serve as an assessment. 3. Students can demonstrate their understanding by presenting their information ...
Polyclonal B cell response
Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.