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Cell Cycle Regulation Cell Cycle Regulation • Regulating the ____ ____ is necessary for healthy ______. Mitotic Regulation • There are both _____ and _____ factors that _______ cell division. • External factors include ______ and chemical signals. • Proteins that _______ cell division are known as _______ _______. Mitotic Regulation • Most ________ cells form a _____ layer in a culture dish and stop _______ once they touch other _____. Mitotic Regulation • Two of the most important _____ factors are ______ and ______ (both proteins). • External factors ________ the internal factors which affect the cell cycle. Regulating the Cell Cycle Cell Cycle External Factors Internal Factors Contact Inhibition • Type of cell to cell _________ that tells the cell to _____ dividing when an ____ is ___ (Remember the healthy growth in the culture dish?). • If a ______ occurs with the cell’s ______, cancer can result. The Body’s Control Mechanism • ________: Programmed cell death – It is a _______ feature of _______ organisms – Caused by a cell’s production of self – destructive ________ – Occurs during the development of _______ Uncontrolled Mitotic Division • • Cancer : the ________ dividing of cells Reasons cancer can occur: 1. _________ to produce certain enzymes 2. __________ of enzymes at the wrong time 3. Mutations that occur from _______ ____ incorrectly 4. ___________ factor that _______ your DNA Cancer cells • Cancer cells form _______ clumps called _______ • _____ ______ = not cancerous (will not spread and take over healthy cells) • ______ tumors = __________ (can metastasize, or break away to take over healthy cells) Treatments • ________ = doctor who studies cancer 1. _________ = chemicals _______ into body that ___ rapidly dividing cells Problems: _______, vomiting, loss of hair, and kills _____ healthy and cancerous cells Treatments 2. ______ = _____ aimed at cancer that attacks the cells and other healthy cells in that area Problems: kills other ______ ____that are in the way. Can only be used for ______ ______. Treatments 3. ______ = take out ____ _____ that is affected Problems: could miss some of the cancer cells or could make ____ ____ grow back even _____ then before • A biopsy is also done to initially _______ if the ______ is malignant or benign.